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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Advances and New Perspectives in Pharmaceutical Microbiology
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Advances and New Perspectives in Pharmaceutical Microbiology

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiology in Human Health and Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 15278

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Matthew Donadu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
2. Hospital Pharmacy, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Interests: antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial clinical microorganisms; infection; antimicrobial activity; essential oils; biofilm; biomaterials; ocular infections; orthopeadics infections
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Marina Pinheiro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Interests: medicinal and pharmaceutical sciences; infectious and cancer diseases; nanomedicine and nanotechnology; drug development and drug delivery; drug-membrane interaction studies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Through pharmaceutical microbiology the biological mechanisms of new drugs and nanotechnologies are studied as antimicrobial agents. Of particular interest are multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, which represent one of the greatest threats to public health. Several common infections, such as gonorrhea, pneumonia, tuberculosis, fungal, and viral infections, are complicated to cure with the current arsenal of antimicrobial agents. Therefore, research on and the development of new antimicrobials targeting virulence factors and biofilms are urgently needed. There are several different methods for designing novel antibacterial agents’ new modern approaches to pharmaceutical technology, such as virulence and biofilm factor inhibitors, nanoparticles, antimicrobial peptides, phage therapy, antisense oligonucleotides, liposomes, immunospecific target nanospheres, and hydrogels. This Special Issue will publish the most recent research in pharmaceutical microbiology, which includes a formulation part and the study of biological and antimicrobial activity.

Dr. Matthew Donadu
Dr. Marina Pinheiro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biological activity
  • antimicrobial effect
  • antivirulence
  • antibiofilm
  • novel mechanism of antibacterial action
  • synthesis of new antibacterial drugs
  • clinical applications
  • pharmaceutical nanotechnology
  • topical delivery
  • targeted delivery
  • membranes

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 4369 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Is Stronger If the Production Host and the Targeted Pathogen Are Closely Related
by Priyanka Singh and Ivan Mijakovic
Biomedicines 2022, 10(3), 628; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10030628 - 8 Mar 2022
Cited by 42 | Viewed by 4389
Abstract
Microbial resistance to antibiotics is one of the key challenges that lead to the search for alternate antimicrobial treatment approaches. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well known for their antimicrobial effects against a wide variety of drug-resistant microorganisms. AgNPs can be synthesized using microbial [...] Read more.
Microbial resistance to antibiotics is one of the key challenges that lead to the search for alternate antimicrobial treatment approaches. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well known for their antimicrobial effects against a wide variety of drug-resistant microorganisms. AgNPs can be synthesized using microbial hosts, using a green and economical synthesis route, which produces extremely stable and highly active nanoparticles. Such green AgNPs are coated with a biological coating often referred to as a corona, originating from the production microorganism. In this study, we asked whether the composition of the biological corona might influence the antimicrobial activity of green AgNPs. To investigate this, we produced AgNPs in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and Escherichia coli K12 MG1655, and tested them against pathogen species from the corresponding genera. AgNPs exhibited a size range of 15–40 nm for P. putida and 30–70 nm for E. coli, and both types of nanoparticles were surrounded by a thick biological corona layer, providing extreme stability. The nanoparticles remained stable over long periods and exhibited negative zeta potential values. P-AgNPs (obtained from P. putida) were tested against pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, and E-AgNPs (obtained from E. coli) were tested against pathogenic Escherichia coli UTI 89. Antimicrobial studies were conducted by Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), live/dead staining and SEM analysis. MBC of P-AgNPs against P. aeruginosa was 1 μg/mL, and MBC of E-AgNPs against E. coli UTI 89 was 8 μg/mL. In both cases, the MBC values were superior to those of green AgNPs produced in organisms unrelated to the target pathogens, available in the literature. Our results suggest that NPs produced in microorganisms closely related to the target pathogen may be more effective, indicating that the composition of the biological corona may play a crucial role in the antimicrobial mechanism of AgNPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Pharmaceutical Microbiology)
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Review

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23 pages, 2396 KiB  
Review
Nanotechnology as a Promising Approach to Combat Multidrug Resistant Bacteria: A Comprehensive Review and Future Perspectives
by Helal F. Hetta, Yasmin N. Ramadan, Alhanouf I. Al-Harbi, Esraa A. Ahmed, Basem Battah, Noura H. Abd Ellah, Stefania Zanetti and Matthew Gavino Donadu
Biomedicines 2023, 11(2), 413; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020413 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 85 | Viewed by 8894
Abstract
The wide spread of antibiotic resistance has been alarming in recent years and poses a serious global hazard to public health as it leads to millions of deaths all over the world. The wide spread of resistance and sharing resistance genes between different [...] Read more.
The wide spread of antibiotic resistance has been alarming in recent years and poses a serious global hazard to public health as it leads to millions of deaths all over the world. The wide spread of resistance and sharing resistance genes between different types of bacteria led to emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) microorganisms. This problem is exacerbated when microorganisms create biofilms, which can boost bacterial resistance by up to 1000-fold and increase the emergence of MDR infections. The absence of novel and potent antimicrobial compounds is linked to the rise of multidrug resistance. This has sparked international efforts to develop new and improved antimicrobial agents as well as innovative and efficient techniques for antibiotic administration and targeting. There is an evolution in nanotechnology in recent years in treatment and prevention of the biofilm formation and MDR infection. The development of nanomaterial-based therapeutics, which could overcome current pathways linked to acquired drug resistance, is a hopeful strategy for treating difficult-to-treat bacterial infections. Additionally, nanoparticles’ distinct size and physical characteristics enable them to target biofilms and treat resistant pathogens. This review highlights the current advances in nanotechnology to combat MDR and biofilm infection. In addition, it provides insight on development and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, spread of MDR and XDR infection, and development of nanoparticles and mechanisms of their antibacterial activity. Moreover, this review considers the difference between free antibiotics and nanoantibiotics, and the synergistic effect of nanoantibiotics to combat planktonic bacteria, intracellular bacteria and biofilm. Finally, we will discuss the strength and limitations of the application of nanotechnology against bacterial infection and future perspectives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Pharmaceutical Microbiology)
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