Recent Advance of Machine Learning in Biomedical Image Analysis: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosignal Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2025) | Viewed by 576

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Interests: computer vision; medical image analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
Interests: machine learning; medical image analysis; computer vision
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the field of biomedical image analysis has gained significant importance due to the growing availability of medical imaging data and the need for accurate and efficient analysis. Machine learning (ML) techniques have emerged as a promising solution to address these challenges, with wide use in various applications, such as computer-aided diagnosis, medical image segmentation, registration, retrieval, classification, etc. The leading conferences and journals of the medical image analysis community, such as MICCAI and IEEE TMI, have recently published several advanced influential research articles using advanced ML techniques, such as transformer and auto ML. With an increase in data volume, advanced ML techniques are becoming increasingly important in biomedical image analysis.

The second edition of this Special Issue aims to present the latest research developments in machine learning applied to biomedical image analysis. The topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Semantic segmentation of medical images;
  • Computer-aided detection and diagnosis;
  • Learning from weak or noisy annotations;
  • Transfer learning and domain adaptation;
  • Uncertainty estimation for medical diagnosis;
  • Unsupervised deep learning and representation learning;
  • Transformer-based medical image analysis method;
  • Deep learning applications in radiology, pathology, endoscopy, dermatology, ophthalmology and beyond.

Dr. Zhiming Luo
Dr. Sheng Lian
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • machine learning
  • deep learning
  • artificial intelligence
  • unsupervised feature learning
  • medical imaging analysis
  • computer-aided diagnosis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 5279 KiB  
Article
Optimization-Incorporated Deep Learning Strategy to Automate L3 Slice Detection and Abdominal Segmentation in Computed Tomography
by Seungheon Chae, Seongwon Chae, Tae Geon Kang, Sung Jin Kim and Ahnryul Choi
Bioengineering 2025, 12(4), 367; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12040367 - 31 Mar 2025
Viewed by 285
Abstract
This study introduces a deep learning-based strategy to automatically detect the L3 slice and segment abdominal tissues from computed tomography (CT) images. Accurate measurement of muscle and fat composition at the L3 level is critical as it can serve as a prognostic biomarker [...] Read more.
This study introduces a deep learning-based strategy to automatically detect the L3 slice and segment abdominal tissues from computed tomography (CT) images. Accurate measurement of muscle and fat composition at the L3 level is critical as it can serve as a prognostic biomarker for cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, current manual approaches are time-consuming and prone to class imbalance, since L3 slices constitute only a small fraction of the entire CT dataset. In this study, we propose an optimization-incorporated strategy that integrates augmentation ratio and class weight adjustment as correction design variables within deep learning models. In this retrospective study, the CT dataset was privately collected from 150 prostate cancer and bladder cancer patients at the Department of Urology of Gangneung Asan Hospital. A ResNet50 classifier was used to detect the L3 slice, while standard Unet, Swin-Unet, and SegFormer models were employed to segment abdominal tissues. Bayesian optimization determines optimal augmentation ratios and class weights, mitigating the imbalanced distribution of L3 slices and abdominal tissues. Evaluation of CT data from 150 prostate and bladder cancer patients showed that the optimized models reduced the slice detection error to approximately 0.68 ± 1.26 slices and achieved a Dice coefficient of up to 0.987 ± 0.001 for abdominal tissue segmentation-improvements over the models that did not consider correction design variables. This study confirms that balancing class distribution and properly tuning model parameters enhances performance. The proposed approach may provide reliable and automated biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis and personalized treatment planning. Full article
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