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Applied Sciences
Special Issues
Recent Development and Application of Hydrogen Production and Storage Materials
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Recent Development and Application of Hydrogen Production and Storage Materials

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical and Molecular Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2022) | Viewed by 6301

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wenhui Zeng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Procter & Gamble, 1 Procter & Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, OH 45202, USA
Interests: energetic nanocomposites: development of environmentally responsive organic polymer capped aluminum nanoparticles, such that nanomaterials may be activated toward metal core reactivity (such as hydrolysis) by exposure to a specific physical stimulus, e.g., light, temperature; on-demand hydrogen generation: development of aluminum nanoparticles as promoters to activate micro aluminum–water systems, providing a cleaner, energy efficient way to generate hydrogen; development of statistical models that understand vaccination (HPV or influenza) coverage, customer behavior, etc.
Prof. Dr. Steven W. Buckner

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA
Interests: energy science: novel high energy density nanomaterials with large hydrogen production capacities and with applications as pyrolants; biomedical materials: a variety of nanocomposites for use in micro-CT imaging and tissue engineering
Prof. Dr. Paul A. Jelliss

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA
Interests: reactive metal nanocomposite materials; aluminum and boron hydride storage materials; metallacarborane chemistry (complexes with boron cage ligands)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Molecular hydrogen is a useful energy source for a variety of applications due to its high gravimetric energy density and low emissions profile. Due to this, hydrogen has been proposed as the centerpiece for a hydrogen economy where it serves as a candidate for broad replacement of fossil fuels for a variety of applications due to its almost zero carbon emission. This is motivated by a vision that moves us to a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and secure energy future.

Production of hydrogen has typically included steam reforming of hydrocarbons or electrolysis of water. However, novel energetic materials are currently under development for hydrogen production via other chemical reactions.

Broad application of hydrogen as an energy carrier has faced a number of challenges, including production and safe and reliable storage. A variety of materials are also currently under development for safer storage of hydrogen, including metal hydrides and liquid organic hydrogen carriers.

This Special Issue presents recent work on:

  • Different methods under development for the production of hydrogen both at small and large scales, including new materials for hydrogen production;
  • New and proposed methods and materials for the storage of hydrogen;
  • Applications of these materials at all scales, including fuel cells.

Dr. Wenhui Zeng
Prof. Dr. Steven W. Buckner
Prof. Dr. Paul A. Jelliss
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydrogen production
  • energy and fuel
  • hydrogen storage
  • solid-state materials
  • hydrogen fuel cells

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 999 KiB  
Article
Thermodynamics of Chemical Hydrogen Storage: Are Sterically Hindered and Overcrowded Molecules More Effective?
by Sergey P. Verevkin, Artemiy A. Samarov, Vladimir V. Turovtsev, Sergey V. Vostrikov, Peter Wasserscheid and Karsten Müller
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(2), 953; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13020953 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1190
Abstract
Homocyclic aromatics with different degrees of alkylation have been investigated so far as Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC). A low enthalpy of reaction for the dehydrogenation reaction is generally considered beneficial. Values available for crowded, multi-alkylated aromatics, such as hexamethyl benzene, indicate that [...] Read more.
Homocyclic aromatics with different degrees of alkylation have been investigated so far as Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC). A low enthalpy of reaction for the dehydrogenation reaction is generally considered beneficial. Values available for crowded, multi-alkylated aromatics, such as hexamethyl benzene, indicate that these substances could be utilized efficiently as LOHCs. However, no clear trend can be identified in the existing data. The aim of this study is to provide a consistent and comprehensive data set on this substance class to evaluate if multi-alkylation is indeed beneficial. For this purpose, own and literature results from experimental methods such as combustion calorimetry and the transpiration method for measuring the enthalpy of vaporisation were combined with quantum chemical approaches to obtain a validated, consistent data set. This comprehensive study reveals that the positive effect on enthalpy of reaction for dehydrogenation is comparatively weak. A slightly lower enthalpy of reaction is actually observed for crowded alkylbenzenes, but it is most likely not sufficient to reach a significant decrease in temperature for hydrogen release. Nevertheless, the results are of high importance for the further development of LOHC systems with optimal structural motifs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development and Application of Hydrogen Production and Storage Materials)
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12 pages, 1822 KiB  
Article
A Novel Method for Generating H2 by Activation of the μAl-Water System Using Aluminum Nanoparticles
by Mohammad S. Kader, Wenhui Zeng, Elisabeth Johnston, Steven W. Buckner and Paul A. Jelliss
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(11), 5378; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115378 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1891
Abstract
A method is described for activation of the reaction of room temperature water with micron-scale aluminum particles (μAl) by the addition of poly(epoxyhexane)-capped aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs). By themselves, Al NPs react vigorously and completely with water at ambient temperatures to produce H [...] Read more.
A method is described for activation of the reaction of room temperature water with micron-scale aluminum particles (μAl) by the addition of poly(epoxyhexane)-capped aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs). By themselves, Al NPs react vigorously and completely with water at ambient temperatures to produce H2. While pure μAl particles are unreactive toward water, mixtures of the μAl particles comprising 10 to 90% (by mass) of Al NPs, demonstrated appreciable hydrolytic activation. This activation is attributed to the reaction of the Al NPs present with water to produce a basic solution. Speciation modelling, pH studies, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis of the hydrolysis product confirm that the pH change is the key driver for the activation of μAl rather than residual heat from the exothermicity of Al NP hydrolysis. A mechanism is proposed by which the nonreactive aluminum oxide layer of the μAl is eroded under basic conditions. Mixtures 10% by mass of Al NPs can be used to produce the optimal quantity of H2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development and Application of Hydrogen Production and Storage Materials)
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19 pages, 5112 KiB  
Article
Surfactant Induced Synthesis of LiAlH4 and NaAlH4 Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Storage
by Chulaluck Pratthana and Kondo-Francois Aguey-Zinsou
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(9), 4742; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12094742 - 8 May 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2250
Abstract
LiAlH4 and NaAlH4 are considered to be promising hydrogen storage materials due to their high hydrogen density. However, their practical use is hampered by the lack of hydrogen reversibility along with poor kinetics. Nanosizing is an effective strategy to enable hydrogen [...] Read more.
LiAlH4 and NaAlH4 are considered to be promising hydrogen storage materials due to their high hydrogen density. However, their practical use is hampered by the lack of hydrogen reversibility along with poor kinetics. Nanosizing is an effective strategy to enable hydrogen reversibility under practical conditions. However, this has remained elusive as the synthesis of alanate nanoparticles has not been explored. Herein, a simple solvent evaporation method is demonstrated to assemble alanate nanoparticles with the use of surfactants as a stabilizer. More importantly, the roles of the surfactants in enabling control over particle size and morphology was determined. Surfactants with long linear carbon chains and matching the hard character of alanates are more prone to lead to the formation of small particles of ~10 nm due to steric hindrance. This can result in significant shifts in the temperature for hydrogen release. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development and Application of Hydrogen Production and Storage Materials)
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