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Applied Sciences
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Advances in Bee Products and Its Processing Technology
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Advances in Bee Products and Its Processing Technology

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2022) | Viewed by 8158

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaoming Fang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Agicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Interests: bee products; flavor; nutrition; processing technology; processing equipment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hong-Wei Xiao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100107, China
Interests: fruits & vegetables; processing; preservation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yi Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Agicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Interests: bee product pollutant detection technology; bee product traceability control and analysis technology; bee product quality and safety standardization; bee product nutritional function factor analysis
Dr. Hongcheng Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Agicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Interests: quality change mechanism and control during storage and processing of bee products; extraction and identification of active components of bee products; nutritional function evaluation of bee products

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bee products are currently receiving increasing attention because of their remarkable levels of valuable nutrients and bioactive compounds and are well-known for their health benefits. In this Special Issue, we cordially invite scientists to submit their original, unpublished research papers or review manuscripts to compose a Special Issue on several aspects relating to bee products, such as the extraction, identification, characterization, and analysis of major or minor components, bioactive compounds, nutritional values, health benefits, functional properties, analytical methodology, and the effect of processing technology, among others.

I am looking forward to receiving your interesting and innovative work.

Keywords covered in this Special Issue include (but are not limited to):

  • processing;
  • analysis;
  • extraction;
  • health benefits;
  • prevention of disease;
  • antioxidant activity;
  • bioactive compounds;
  • quality improvement

Dr. Xiaoming Fang
Prof. Dr. Hong-Wei Xiao
Dr. Yi Li
Dr. Hongcheng Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • processing
  • analysis
  • extraction
  • health benefits
  • prevention of disease
  • antioxidant activity
  • bioactive compounds
  • quality improvement

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 693 KiB  
Article
Fusarium Fungi and Mycotoxins in Bee Pollen Collected in Lithuania
by Jolanta Sinkevičienė, Živilė Tarasevičienė and Vytautas Tamutis
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1571; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031571 - 26 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1336
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a study which was aimed at determining the concentration of Fusarium fungi and their mycotoxins in fresh bee pollen, stored for different periods. The analysed parameters included palynological analysis, moisture content, fungal counts, identification and toxigenic profiles. [...] Read more.
This paper presents the results of a study which was aimed at determining the concentration of Fusarium fungi and their mycotoxins in fresh bee pollen, stored for different periods. The analysed parameters included palynological analysis, moisture content, fungal counts, identification and toxigenic profiles. In this study, 45 bee pollen samples collected from the same apiary families were investigated. Palynological analysis determined six plant families, among which Brassicaceae prevailed. The number of detected isolates in the bee pollen during the study period ranged from 3.5 × 103 to 9.1 × 104 cfu g−1. During the study, the most prevalent fungal genera of Alternaria, Cladosporium and Yeasts were found in fresh bee pollen. The significantly highest amounts of fungal colonies were determined after 3 days of storage of undried pollen. Fusarium fungal genera were detected in 46% of all studied samples, with levels ranging from 101 cfu g−1. After 3 days of storage, the most significant Fusarium spp. increase (17.03%) was detected. F. graminearum and F. sporotrichioides prevailed during the whole period of the study. The highest concentrations of mycotoxins ZEN (280 µg kg−1) and DON (120 µg kg−1) were found after 3 days of pollen storage. The results of the present study report the importance of microbiological and mycotoxicological analyses in monitoring bee pollen from the initial stages of its production process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bee Products and Its Processing Technology)
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12 pages, 598 KiB  
Article
Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Propolis Extracts during In Vitro Digestion
by Lucio González-Montiel, Ana Cristina Figueira, Gabriela Medina-Pérez, Fabián Fernández-Luqueño, Gabriel Aguirre-Álvarez, Elizabeth Pérez-Soto, Sergio Pérez-Ríos and Rafael G. Campos-Montiel
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(15), 7892; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12157892 - 06 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1702
Abstract
The objective of this research was to determine the content of total phenols, total flavonoids, and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extracts of propolis obtained by two methodologies during in vitro digestion. Ethanolic extracts of propolis were obtained by ultrasound [...] Read more.
The objective of this research was to determine the content of total phenols, total flavonoids, and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extracts of propolis obtained by two methodologies during in vitro digestion. Ethanolic extracts of propolis were obtained by ultrasound and maceration and the yield and content of the bioactive compounds, as well as their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, were evaluated. Yields higher than those reported in other investigations (71.6%) were obtained. The highest content of phenols and flavonoids in the ethanolic extracts was 34,406.6 mg GAE/100 g in propolis from San Pedro, obtained by maceration (SP M), and 19,523.2 mg QE/100 g in propolis from Teotitlán, obtained by ultrasound (TU), respectively, being higher than what is established in Mexican regulations. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the extracts was not affected by the method of obtaining. At the end of the in vitro digestion there was an 80% loss of the phenolic content and a 90% loss of the flavonoid content. Therefore, antioxidant activity was affected. On the other hand, ultrasound improves the obtaining of bioactive compounds. In vitro digestion decreases the content of bioactive compounds; therefore, their functional properties are affected. Thus, it is important to consider technologies that allow extracts to be protected from in vitro digestion conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bee Products and Its Processing Technology)
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11 pages, 1096 KiB  
Article
Glucose Oxidase and Catalase Activities in Honey Samples from the Southwestern Region of Saudi Arabia
by Rahaf Mohammed Hussein Alshareef, Badriah Saad Al-Farhan and Mohammed Elimam Ahamed Mohammed
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(15), 7584; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12157584 - 28 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1742
Abstract
The activity of honey enzymes are affected by floral and geographical origins, climate conditions, honeybee species, health and nutrition. This article investigated the effect of floral and geographical origins on the activity of glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase (CAT) enzymes in honey samples [...] Read more.
The activity of honey enzymes are affected by floral and geographical origins, climate conditions, honeybee species, health and nutrition. This article investigated the effect of floral and geographical origins on the activity of glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase (CAT) enzymes in honey samples from the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the moisture, total sugars, pH and conductivity were measured as quality parameters. The floral origin of the honey samples was determined microscopically while the quality parameters were measured according to the methods of international honey commission. The activity of the honey enzyme was determined following the instructions of the Megazyme International kits. The obtained results were statistically analyzed by the statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, v.20). The GOx activity of the Acacia, Ziziphus and polyfloral honey samples of the Asir region were (5.19 ± 2.33 U/g), (4.01 ± 1.17 U/g) and (5.69 ± 1.67 U/g), respectively. The Acacia, Ziziphus and polyfloral honey samples from the Jazan region had GOx activities of (6.85 ± 0.47 U/g), (10.48 ± 9.22 U/g) and (5.31 ± 2.7 U/g), respectively. The geographical origin significantly affected the GOx activity of Ziziphus honey (p-value = 0.005) and the GOx activity of the Ziziphus honey was significantly more than that of the polyfloral honey of the Jazan region (p-value = 0.009). With regard to the CAT activity in Asir region honey samples, the mean values of the Acacia, Ziziphus and polyfloral honeys were (2.89 ± 1.08 U/g), (3.58 ± 1.59 U/g) and (2.84 ± 1.24 U/g), respectively. The mean values of the CAT activity in the Jazan honey samples were Acacia (4.35 ± 1.01 U/g), Ziziphus (3.94 ± 0.04 U/g) and polyfloral (3.43 ± 0.67 U/g). The geographical origin significantly affected the CAT activity in Acacia honey (p-value = 0.014). The geographical and floral origins had significant effects on the activity of the honey GOx and CAT enzymes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bee Products and Its Processing Technology)
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13 pages, 860 KiB  
Article
Physical and Microbiological Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Honey Bee Pollen
by Evita Straumite, Madara Bartule, Anda Valdovska, Zanda Kruma and Ruta Galoburda
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(6), 3039; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12063039 - 16 Mar 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2405
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical, and microbiological characteristics of bee-collected pollen, with special consideration to the antimicrobial resistance of the isolated microorganisms to the selected antibiotics. A hierarchy cluster analysis was conducted, in which bee pollen samples were divided into [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical, and microbiological characteristics of bee-collected pollen, with special consideration to the antimicrobial resistance of the isolated microorganisms to the selected antibiotics. A hierarchy cluster analysis was conducted, in which bee pollen samples were divided into four groups by their colour. The highest antioxidant activity among monofloral bee pollen was found for the autumn raspberry pollen and the lowest for the clover pollen, using the ABTS test. The total phenol content in rapeseed bee pollen was the second-highest among all samples analysed, which might indicate a correlation between high phenol content and strong antioxidant activity. Our study indicated a moderate correlation between bee pollen moisture content and Enterobacteriaceae counts, as well as a correlation between moisture content and total bacterial count. Among all bacteria (n = 34) isolated from pollen, the highest prevalence was found in Bacillus spp. and coagulase-negative staphylococci. The resistance of isolated microorganisms was identified in 18 cases. The high number of antimicrobial resistance cases, i.e., when isolates were resistant to ampicillin (seven cases) and penicillin (eight cases), indicates an environmental effect because, for this study, no antibiotics were used in the apiaries harvesting pollen. This indicates the need for improved safety procedures in bee pollen production for human consumption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bee Products and Its Processing Technology)
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