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Nanoparticles and Their Application
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Nanoparticles and Their Application

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 June 2021) | Viewed by 12191

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Borislav Angelov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Physics, ELI Beamlines, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Interests: lipid nanoparticles; liquid crystalline nanoparticles; X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) from nanoparticles; electron microscopy of nanoparticles; drug delivery nanoparticles

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanoparticles are sub-micrometer particles that represent a distinguished class of materials with unusual properties and a broad range of structures. The majority of their sizes are smaller than the resolution in optical microscopy; thus, the main method for nanoparticle (NP) observation is the electron microscopy. The term “nanoparticles” became widely used during the last 40 years, when fundamental studies with NPs were underway. Their structure can be dominated by a crystalline order or, in the contrary case, can be amorphous. Combinations are also possible where several different phases coexist together in one NP. Often, such multiphase NPs have a core/shell structure. An especially promising area for application of NPs is that of drug delivery for pharmaceutical purposes. Preferably, the drug delivery nanoparticles should possess a high level of biocompatibility, a large area-to-volume ratio (to be able to load more therapeutic molecules), an external interfacial layer (“stealth” corona) for stabilization, and an affinity to a specific target. The imaging of NPs could be facilitated by additives with optical, electrical, or magnetic properties, depending on the imaging method.

This Special Issue invites original contributions from our colleagues working in the areas of NPs, broadly defined. Manuscripts in the form of short communications, full research articles, and reviews on recent developments in all areas of this exciting and fast-growing field are welcome.

Dr. Borislav Angelov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2769 KiB  
Article
Construction of a Medical Radiation-Shielding Environment by Analyzing the Weaving Characteristics and Shielding Performance of Shielding Fibers Using X-ray-Impermeable Materials
by Seon-Chil Kim
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(4), 1705; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041705 - 14 Feb 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3344
Abstract
As the scope of radiation use in medical and industrial fields has expanded, interest in radiation shielding is increasing. Most existing radiation shields use Pb-based products, primarily in the form of a laminated sheet, which requires attention as fine cracks may occur depending [...] Read more.
As the scope of radiation use in medical and industrial fields has expanded, interest in radiation shielding is increasing. Most existing radiation shields use Pb-based products, primarily in the form of a laminated sheet, which requires attention as fine cracks may occur depending on the usage and storage conditions. The weight of the sheets limits users’ activities, and they pose a risk of heavy metal contamination. To address these problems, this study proposed a shielding fiber with improved flexibility and workability, and thus, produce a shielding garment. Masterbatches of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber were manufactured using the eco-friendly materials, BaSO4 and Bi2O3. Yarns were fabricated by the melt spinning process, and fabrics were woven. With 5 wt% of shielding material, the yarns’ shield against radiation and was sufficiently strong for fabric weaving. The fibers’ radiation shielding averaged 9–13%, with the Bi2O3 fiber displaying better shielding performance than the BaSO4. It is believed that the findings of this study on improving the yarn manufacturing process could be applied for protection against low-dose and scattered rays in medical applications and for aerospace radiation protection. In addition, the proposed shielding fibers’ flexibility makes them suitable for future use in the production of various radiation shields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticles and Their Application)
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15 pages, 3096 KiB  
Article
Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated by Mentha Spicata Extract Induce Plant Systemic Resistance against Tobacco Mosaic Virus
by Ahmed Abdelkhalek and Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5054; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155054 - 23 Jul 2020
Cited by 139 | Viewed by 8353
Abstract
Globally, plant viral infection is one of the most difficult challenges of food security, where considerable losses in crop production occur. Nanoparticles are an effective control agent against numerous plant pathogens. However, there is limited knowledge concerning their effects against viral infection. In [...] Read more.
Globally, plant viral infection is one of the most difficult challenges of food security, where considerable losses in crop production occur. Nanoparticles are an effective control agent against numerous plant pathogens. However, there is limited knowledge concerning their effects against viral infection. In the present study, the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using aqueous leaf extract of Mentha spicata was achieved. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the crystalline nature of the prepared ZnO NPs. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that the resultant ZnO NPs were spherical in shape with a particle size ranged from 11 to 88 nm. Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy detected different functional groups, capping and stability agents, and showed Zn-O bond within wavenumber of 487 cm−1. Under greenhouse conditions, the antiviral activity of biological synthesized ZnO NPs (100 µg/mL) against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was evaluated. The double foliar application of the prepared ZnO NPs, 24 h before and 24 h after TMV-inoculation, was the most effective treatment that showed a 90.21% reduction of viral accumulation level and disease severity. Additionally, the transcriptional levels of PAL, PR-1 (salicylic acid marker gene), CHS, and POD genes were induced and up-regulated in all ZnO NPs treated plants. Notably, the results exhibited that aqueous extract of Mentha spicata was an effective reducing agent for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs, which showed significant antiviral activity. Finally, the detected protective and curative activity of ZnO NPs against TMV can encourage us to recommend its application for plant viral disease management. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing the antiviral activity of the green synthesized ZnO NPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticles and Their Application)
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