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Research of Sports Medicine on Health Care
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Research of Sports Medicine on Health Care

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 9909

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Daniel López-Plaza

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Educacion, Universidad de Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, 04120 La Canada de San Urbano, Almeria, Spain
Interests: biological maturity; anthropometry; sprint canoeing and swimming
Dr. Pedro Manonelles

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
Interests: sports medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to explore the intricate intersection of sports medicine and healthcare, shedding light on the latest advancements, insights, and applications in this evolving field. It will encompass a wide range of topics, including but not limited to exercise prescription for various health conditions, doping prevention, injury prevention and rehabilitation, nutrition's role in healthcare, mental health benefits of physical activity, and the utilization of technology in monitoring and improving health through sports. We invite contributions from researchers, clinicians, and experts in sports medicine, exercise physiology, rehabilitation, nutrition, public health, and related disciplines.

The primary goal of this Special Issue is to foster a deeper understanding of how sports medicine interventions can contribute to healthcare outcomes. It seeks to bridge the gap between athletic performance optimization and the promotion of holistic health, providing evidence-based insights to guide clinical practice and public health strategies.

This Special Issue targets a diverse readership, including sports medicine practitioners, healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, and fitness enthusiasts, creating a platform for knowledge exchange and collaboration. The research presented in this Special Issue has the potential to reshape healthcare paradigms, inspiring novel interventions that leverage sports medicine principles to prevent and manage health conditions. It also paves the way for innovative strategies in public health initiatives that promote active lifestyles for improved well-being.

Dr. Daniel López-Plaza
Dr. Pedro Manonelles
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • health
  • injury rehabilitation
  • exercise prescription
  • doping prevention
  • injury prevention
  • healthcare

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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10 pages, 1007 KiB  
Article
The Effect of the Nordic Hamstring Curl Training Program on Athletic Performance in Young Football Players
by Niyazi Sıdkı Adıgüzel, Murat Koç, Barışcan Öztürk, Hakan Engin, Aydın Karaçam, Umut Canlı, Bekir Erhan Orhan and Monira I. Aldhahi
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10249; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210249 - 7 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1627
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to determine the effect of the Nordic hamstring curl training (NHCT) program on athletic performance elements such as linear speed, change of direction (COD), jump performance (CMJ), and eccentric muscle strength (Nordic Hamstring Curl Breaking Point Angle—NHCBP) in young [...] Read more.
Background: This study aimed to determine the effect of the Nordic hamstring curl training (NHCT) program on athletic performance elements such as linear speed, change of direction (COD), jump performance (CMJ), and eccentric muscle strength (Nordic Hamstring Curl Breaking Point Angle—NHCBP) in young football players. Methods: The study group consisted of 40 male football players who were actively trained and had no previous eccentric training experience or reported any injuries. The participants were randomly divided into a training group (TG = 20) and a control group (CG = 20). The TG performed the NHCT program twice a week for eight weeks, in addition to their standard football training. The CG continued with standard football training. Results: The study findings revealed no statistically significant differences in the interaction between group and time in 10, 20, and 30 m sprint performance. However, statistically significant differences were found in CMJ performance in terms of group–time interaction (F = 19.99, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.52), COD (F = 11.10, p < 0.004, η2 = 0.38), and NHCBP (F = 6.14; p < 0.02; η2 = 0.25). After the eight-week NHCT program, the experimental group showed improvements of 18% in CMJ performance, 8% in COD performance, and 25% in NHCBP performance. Conclusions: The NHCT program significantly increased hamstring muscle strength in football players, and this increase positively affected players’ linear speed and change of direction performance. NHCT has the potential to enhance athletic performance in football. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Sports Medicine on Health Care)
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16 pages, 1928 KiB  
Article
Acute Fatigue Impairs Heart Rate Variability and Resting Muscle Oxygen Consumption Kinetics
by Aldo A. Vasquez-Bonilla, Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Marcelo Tuesta, Eduardo Báez-San Martin, Matías Monsalves-Álvarez, Jorge Olivares-Arancibia, Daniel Duclos-Bastías, Catalina Recabarren-Dueñas and Fernando Alacid
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(20), 9166; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14209166 - 10 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1625
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of acute fatigue on heart rate variability (HRV) and muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) at rest, as well as the reliability of SmO2 data measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during a vascular occlusion test (VOT). Twelve [...] Read more.
This study evaluated the influence of acute fatigue on heart rate variability (HRV) and muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) at rest, as well as the reliability of SmO2 data measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during a vascular occlusion test (VOT). Twelve physically active subjects participated. Measurements included perceived muscle soreness using the visual analog scale (VAS pain), HRV parameters, variables of resting SmO2 (desaturation and resaturation), and reoxygenation kinetics (mean response time, MRT) through a VOT-NIRS located in the vastus lateralis (VL). Measurements were taken at three points: 24 h before, before exhaustive exercise, and 30 min after exhaustive exercise. The results indicated that acute fatigue increased resting muscle oxygen consumption in desaturation (+22 SmO2) and resaturation (+18 SmO2), improved MRT (−15 s), and elevated sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, as observed in the R-R interval (−262 ms) and SNS index (+0.5). HRV significantly influenced desaturation (r2 = 0.69), resaturation (r2 = 0.60), and MRT (r2 = 0.54). Reliability was established with an ICC of 0.49 and 0.63 for desaturation and resaturation, respectively. Real changes in desaturation and resaturation should be considered ≥ 7% SmO2 at rest and ≥ 11% SmO2 to avoid daily fatigue interference. In conclusion, acute fatigue increases resting SmO2 consumption and is associated with higher SNS activity and increased VAS pain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Sports Medicine on Health Care)
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16 pages, 1388 KiB  
Article
Can the Functional Physical Fitness of Older People with Overweight or Obesity Be Improved through a Multicomponent Physical Exercise Program? A Chilean Population Study
by Yazmina Pleticosic-Ramírez, Álvaro Velarde-Sotres, Marcos Mecías-Calvo and Rubén Navarro-Patón
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(15), 6502; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156502 - 25 Jul 2024
Viewed by 881
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to understand the effect of a multicomponent physical exercise program on the functional physical fitness of older people with overweight or obesity in Chile, and whether these effects were similar in women and men. For this [...] Read more.
The aim of the present study was to understand the effect of a multicomponent physical exercise program on the functional physical fitness of older people with overweight or obesity in Chile, and whether these effects were similar in women and men. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental study was designed with a control group to evaluate the functional physical fitness through the Senior Fitness Test battery for older people [SFT; aerobic endurance (AE), lower body strength (LBS), upper body strength (UBS), upper body flexibility (UBF), lower body flexibility (LBF), dynamic balance (DB), and hand pressure strength right (HPSR) and left (HPSL)]. Seventy older people with overweight or obesity aged between 60 and 86 years participated (M = 73.15; SD = 5.94), and were randomized into a control group (CG, n = 35) and an experimental group (EG, n = 35). The results after the intervention between the CG and EG indicated that there were statistically significant differences in the AE (p = 0.036), in the LBS (p = 0.031), and in the LBF (p = 0.017), which did not exist before the intervention (p > 0.050), except in the HPSR (0.029). Regarding the results of the EG (pre vs. post-intervention), statistically significant differences were found in all of the variables studied: AE (p < 0.001), LBS (p < 0.001), UBS (p < 0.001), LBF (p = 0.017), UBF (p < 0.001), DB (p = 0.002), HPSR (p < 0.001), and HPSL (p = 0.012) in both men and women. These improvements did not exist in any of the CG variables (p > 0.05). Based on the results obtained, we can say that a multicomponent physical exercise program applied for 6 months in older people with overweight or obesity produces improvements in functional physical fitness regardless of sex, except in lower body flexibility and left-hand dynamometry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Sports Medicine on Health Care)
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9 pages, 641 KiB  
Article
Degree of Hamstring Extensibility and Its Relationship with Pelvic Tilt in Professional Cyclists
by José M. Muyor, Pedro A. López-Miñarro, Fernando Alacid and Daniel López-Plaza
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(9), 3912; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14093912 - 3 May 2024
Viewed by 1274
Abstract
The cyclist’s posture is typically characterized by a trunk flexion position to reach the handlebar of the bike. The pelvis serves as the base of the spine, and its tilt has been associated with the degree of extensibility of the hamstring, particularly in [...] Read more.
The cyclist’s posture is typically characterized by a trunk flexion position to reach the handlebar of the bike. The pelvis serves as the base of the spine, and its tilt has been associated with the degree of extensibility of the hamstring, particularly in flexion postures of the trunk. The aim of this study was to determine whether, in professional cyclists, the degree of hamstring extensibility influences the pelvic tilt maintained while seated on the bicycle with support from the three handlebar grips of the road bike, as well as in other positions of the bicycle. To evaluate pelvic tilt, all participants were measured using the Spinal Mouse system. The results revealed statistically significant differences in pelvic tilt among the six positions assessed (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the degree of hamstring extensibility of the hamstrings presented a strong and positive correlation with pelvic tilt in standing posture (r = 0.82), Sit-and-Reach (r = 0.76), and Toe-Touch (r = 0.88). However, the degree of hamstring extensibility showed no significant correlations with pelvic tilt in any posture maintained on the bicycle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Sports Medicine on Health Care)
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12 pages, 1210 KiB  
Article
What Factors Influence the Injuries of Canoeists and Kayakers over the Years?
by Jose Luis Garcia-Soidan, Raquel Leiros-Rodriguez, Manuel Isorna-Folgar and Vicente Romo-Perez
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(6), 2637; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14062637 - 21 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1236
Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the number of injuries in the canoe and kayak disciplines. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective epidemiological study was conducted on a convenience sample of elite canoeists and kayakers during the Spanish Championships [...] Read more.
(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the number of injuries in the canoe and kayak disciplines. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective epidemiological study was conducted on a convenience sample of elite canoeists and kayakers during the Spanish Championships of each canoeing and kayaking modality. Retrospective data were collected on the number, body area, type, and severity of injuries sustained in previous seasons, as well as other affiliation data. Four separate multiple linear regression models were used to investigate the impact of the sports mode of canoeing, age, and sex on the occurrence of injuries. (3) Results: The findings indicate a distinction in injury frequency between canoeing and kayaking modalities, with injuries being more common in canoeing. The occurrence of mild injuries decreases with age among canoeists, while remaining consistent in kayaking. As athletes age, confidence intervals increase. Canoeists have a higher injury probability, and across all injury types, men have a lower injury risk. (4) Conclusions: The frequency of injuries is higher in the canoe modality across all age groups. Coaches and athletes should be well-informed about the insights provided in this study to implement targeted injury prevention strategies, especially in women canoeists. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Sports Medicine on Health Care)
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9 pages, 544 KiB  
Article
Fibromyalgia and Sedentarism: Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg?
by Carmen Daniela Quero-Calero, Eduardo Otero, Oriol Abellán-Aynés and Eduardo Ortega
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(6), 2357; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14062357 - 11 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1444
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease that causes widespread pain throughout the body, as well as fatigue and a variety of other accompanying symptoms. Physical activity is one of the most useful non-pharmacological treatments for pain and symptom reduction. Therefore, the main objective of [...] Read more.
Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease that causes widespread pain throughout the body, as well as fatigue and a variety of other accompanying symptoms. Physical activity is one of the most useful non-pharmacological treatments for pain and symptom reduction. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to analyse the objective levels of sedentary lifestyle and physical activity, as well as the study of heart rate variability as a predictor of health. A total of 21 women previously diagnosed with fibromyalgia (FM) and 10 healthy women of the same age range participated in the study. Accelerometry was used for the determination of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle as well as the study of heart rate variability (HRV) at rest for the assessment of cardiovascular health. The results show that participants with fibromyalgia have higher levels of sedentary lifestyles and worse cardiovascular health outcomes compared to healthy participants not diagnosed with fibromyalgia. In conclusion, it is observed that the analysis of heart rate variability is a good predictor for the determination of cardiovascular health in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia. A debate is open to whether sedentary lifestyles and being overweight accentuate the fibromyalgia disease or whether it is the disease itself that favors increased physical inactivity, reflected in inferior cardiovascular health. Future research is needed to deepen this analysis in order to improve the quality of life of these patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Sports Medicine on Health Care)
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15 pages, 1010 KiB  
Systematic Review
Exogenous Versus Endogenous Nandrolone in Doping Investigations: A Systematic Literature Review
by Roberto Scendoni, Giulia Ricchezze, Gianmario Mietti, Alice Cerioni, Rino Froldi, Mariano Cingolani, Erika Buratti and Marta Cippitelli
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10641; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210641 - 18 Nov 2024
Viewed by 892
Abstract
Nandrolone, or 19-nortestosterone, is an anabolic steroid derived from testosterone, known for its androgenic and anabolic effects. Often used illicitly by athletes to boost performance, its use is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in and out of competition. Nandrolone’s main metabolites, [...] Read more.
Nandrolone, or 19-nortestosterone, is an anabolic steroid derived from testosterone, known for its androgenic and anabolic effects. Often used illicitly by athletes to boost performance, its use is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in and out of competition. Nandrolone’s main metabolites, 19-norandrosterone (19-NA) and 19-noretiocholanolone (19-NE), are typically detected in urine. This systematic review, registered with PROSPERO and following PRISMA guidelines, examines nandrolone’s metabolism, factors affecting its natural production, and the analytical methods used in doping tests. Searches on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science yielded 517 studies, of which 57 were selected for analysis after excluding duplicates and unrelated articles. Descriptive statistics were applied to assess data on metabolic pathways, endogenous production influences, and detection techniques. Based on this review, it clearly emerges that the only technique that can distinguish endogenous production from an exogenous intake is gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS). In addition, factors influencing endogenous production are considered and explored. Overall, this review provides useful information regarding nandrolone and its main metabolites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Sports Medicine on Health Care)
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