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Internal Combustion Engines and Clean Combustion with Carbon-Neutral Fuels

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2025) | Viewed by 1176

Special Issue Editors

State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Interests: turbulent jet ignition; super-lean combustion; hybrid engine efficiency; fast mixing of zero carbon fuels
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Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: spray and combustion of biofuels; combustion system developing of vehicle power unit
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Guest Editor
Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Interests: spray and turbulent combustion in diesel engines; numerical simulation and visual experiment of two-phase flow; theory and technology of thermal fluid in utilization of energy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of carbon-neutral fuels (such as natural gas, methanol, hydrogen, and ammonia) can help achieve the carbon-neutral goals of ICEs. The physical and chemical properties of carbon-neutral fuel are significantly different from gasoline and diesel. The strong cavitation, flash boiling and trans-critical atomization in the nozzle during liquid ammonia injection, and ammonia’s difficulty in igniting and its slow flame propagation make achieving stable combustion challenging. Methanol’s high vaporization latent heat leads to cold start difficulties, and the emission control of methanol and formaldehyde becomes a critical issue. Hydrogen’s low ignition energy can easily cause backfire and pre-ignition.

In this Special Issue on “Internal Combustion Engine and Clean Combustion with Carbon-Neutral Fuels”, we are aiming to include all the aspects of new mixing and combustion technologies, including but not limited to flash boiling and trans-critical atomization, fuel blend mixing, pre-chamber jet ignition, hydrogen–ammonia combined combustion, diesel-induced methanol/ammonia combustion, partially premixed combustion, and so on. If you are interested in the above topics and would like to submit your work to this Special Issue, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Dr. Yanzhao An
Prof. Dr. Han Wu
Prof. Dr. Zhixia He
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • internal combustion engines
  • carbon-neutral fuels
  • spray mixing
  • ignition
  • clean combustion

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 5675 KiB  
Article
A Numerical Simulation of Mixture Formation in a Hydrogen Direct-Injection Internal Combustion Engine
by Hao Chen, Kai Zhao, Linlei Luo, Zhihao Ma, Zhichao Hu, Xin Li, Pengcheng Qu, Yiqiang Pei, Yanzhao An and Zhang Gao
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(23), 11317; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142311317 - 4 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 957
Abstract
Direct-injection technology applied in hydrogen internal combustion engines can effectively prevent backfire, thereby improving the engine performance. Nonetheless, optimizing the injection strategy is highly intricate, requiring a comprehensive understanding of the hydrogen–air mixture formation process inside the cylinder. In this study, a simulation [...] Read more.
Direct-injection technology applied in hydrogen internal combustion engines can effectively prevent backfire, thereby improving the engine performance. Nonetheless, optimizing the injection strategy is highly intricate, requiring a comprehensive understanding of the hydrogen–air mixture formation process inside the cylinder. In this study, a simulation of hydrogen–air mixture formation was systematically conducted in a hydrogen direct-injection internal combustion engine using three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. Under rated conditions, the influence of the nozzle hole number, injection direction, injection timing, and combustion chamber geometry on the mixture formation was analyzed from the perspectives of flow state and mass transfer. The results indicate that more nozzle holes would lead to more significant non-uniformity of the mixture, mainly due to the Coanda effect. The normalized standard deviation (NSD) of a six-hole nozzle design is 0.3495, which is higher than the NSD of all the single-hole nozzle conditions. By changing the hydrogen injection timing from −144 °CA to −136 °CA, the non-uniformity coefficient of the mixture is little affected, while notable differences in the distribution of the mixture are observed. The appropriate injection directions and optimized combustion chamber geometries could also help to effectively organize the in-cylinder flow, significantly improving the uniformity of the in-cylinder mixture and reducing the likelihood of abnormal combustion events. Full article
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