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Unveiling Open World Challenges: Strengthening Model Adaptability Beyond Training Data

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Computing and Artificial Intelligence".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2775

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Interests: open-world learning; few-shot learning; meta-learning; generative adversarial network

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Guest Editor
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Interests: fast visual computing (e.g., large-scale search/understanding) and robust deep learning (e.g., network quantization, adversarial attack/defense, few shot learning)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Intelligent Algorithm Department, JD Health International Inc., Beijing 100176, China
Interests: image segmentation; extended reality; robotics; 3D reconstruction

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Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: out-of-distribution generalization; causal discovery; model generalization evaluation; AI for science

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are inviting submissions for the Special Issue on “Unveiling Open World Challenges: Enhancing Model Reliability Beyond Training Data”.

While machine learning and AI have made significant strides, models often struggle to capture the complexity of the real world with limited training data. This Issue aims to address the disparity between training and real-world scenarios, emphasizing the hurdles AI encounters in adapting to unforeseen circumstances. Our goal is to align AI capabilities more closely with human adaptability, which is essential for navigating unpredictable real-world applications.

This timely topic has garnered significant attention for its practical implications. We invite contributors to share innovative ideas and profound insights capable of revolutionizing the generalization capabilities of AI models, ensuring their reliability and consistent performance within the open world. This endeavor aims to bolster the progression of AI applications in real-world settings.

In this Special Issue, we encourage submissions from diverse fields including open-world learning, few/zero-shot learning, domain adaptation, artificial intelligence alignment, uncertainty quantification, and risk assessment methods, among others. We seek to explore pioneering methodologies and approaches to align AI models, welcoming both theoretical and empirical studies, comprehensive reviews, and surveys.

We eagerly anticipate your contributions to this discourse.

Dr. Yuqing Ma
Prof. Dr. Xianglong Liu
Dr. Shan An
Dr. Yue He
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • open set/world learning problem
  • few-/zero-shot learning
  • evaluating model generalization
  • transfer learning
  • physics-informed learning
  • adaptive artificial intelligence algorithms
  • out-of-distribution generalization
  • quantification of uncertainty and risk

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 2802 KiB  
Article
Solving Action Semantic Conflict in Physically Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Generalized Action-Prediction Optimization
by Xiaoyang Yu, Youfang Lin, Shuo Wang and Sheng Han
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 2580; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15052580 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 511
Abstract
Traditional multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms typically implement global parameter sharing across various types of heterogeneous agents without meticulously differentiating between different action semantics. This approach results in the action semantic conflict problem, which decreases the generalization ability of policy networks across heterogeneous [...] Read more.
Traditional multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms typically implement global parameter sharing across various types of heterogeneous agents without meticulously differentiating between different action semantics. This approach results in the action semantic conflict problem, which decreases the generalization ability of policy networks across heterogeneous types of agents and decreases the cooperation among agents in intricate scenarios. Conversely, completely independent agent parameters significantly escalate computational costs and training complexity. To address these challenges, we introduce an adaptive MARL algorithm named Generalized Action-Prediction Optimization (GAPO). First, we introduce the Generalized Action Space (GAS), which represents the union of all agent actions with distinct semantics. All agents first compute their unified representation in the GAS, and then generate their heterogeneous action policies with different available action masks. Second, in order to further improve cooperation between heterogeneous groups, we propose a Cross-Group Prediction (CGP) loss, which adaptively predicts the action policies of other groups by leveraging trajectory information. We integrate the GAPO into both value-based and policy-based MARL algorithms, giving rise to two practical algorithms: G-QMIX and G-MAPPO. Experimental results obtained within the SMAC, MPE, MAMuJoCo, and RPE environments demonstrate the superiority of G-QMIX and G-MAPPO over several state-of-the-art MARL methods, validating the effectiveness of our proposed adaptive generalized MARL approach. Full article
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17 pages, 2252 KiB  
Article
A Study of Entity Relationship Extraction Algorithms Based on Symmetric Interaction between Data, Models, and Inference Algorithms
by Ping Feng, Nannan Su, Jiamian Xing, Jing Bian and Dantong Ouyang
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(3), 1058; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14031058 - 26 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1509
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to address the extraction of entities and relationships from unstructured Chinese text, with a particular emphasis on the challenges of Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Relation Extraction (RE). This will be achieved by integrating external lexical information [...] Read more.
The purpose of this paper is to address the extraction of entities and relationships from unstructured Chinese text, with a particular emphasis on the challenges of Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Relation Extraction (RE). This will be achieved by integrating external lexical information and utilizing the abundant semantic information available in Chinese. We utilize a pipeline model that is applied separately to NER and RE by introducing an innovative NER model that integrates Chinese pinyin, characters, and words to enhance recognition capabilities. Simultaneously, we incorporate information such as entity distance, sentence length, and part-of-speech to improve the performance of relation extraction. We also delve into the interactions among data, models, and inference algorithms to improve learning efficiency in addressing this challenge. In comparison to existing methods, our model has achieved significant results. Full article
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