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Automatic Driving Control Method: Latest Advances and Prospects

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Transportation and Future Mobility".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2023) | Viewed by 5063

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering, LUT School of Energy Systems, LUT University, Lappeenranta, Finland
Interests: brain–computer interface; rehabilitation; neuro-engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, College of Education, University of Kentucky, 214 Seaton Center, Lexington, KY, USA
Interests: hand biomechanics and motor control; neural network modeling; development of rehabilitation devices

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The brain–computer interface (BCI) is a technology that has been introduced to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities or difficulties in their daily lives. BCI applications such as driver assistant, sleep identification for drivers, and control of a bionic hand/ankle–foot orthosis are widely used for healthy people as well as paralyzed patients. BCI studies are not limited to EEG signals; indeed, other bio-signals such as EMG, ECG, and GSR are beneficial in BCI applications. BCI has the potential to be used in many applications based on biosignals. Research in the field mainly focuses on the development of mathematical calculations for brain-controlled vehicles, brain-controlled air vehicles, brain-controlled bionic hands, and brain-controlled foot–ankle braces using biosignals from electroencephalograms (EEGs), electrooculograms (EOGs), and electromyograms (EMGs). Mathematical implementations are mainly divided into five main steps: (1) preprocessing, (2) feature extraction, (3) feature selection, (4) classification, and (5) statistical analysis.

Some challenges in the field are related to the identification of patterns generated in EEG signals due to motion intention or motion imagination, called event-related synchronization and desynchronization (ERD/ERS). Depending on BCI tasks, other patterns are generated in EEG signals that deserve attention, such as readiness potentials, steady-state visual evoked potentials, P300s, and generated local evoked potential patterns. Some of the most well-known mathematical formulas and techniques for detecting EEG patterns are wavelets, common spatial patterns, and nonlinear calculations such as chaotic features (entropy, Lyapunov exponent, fractal dimensions, and recurrence graph). In addition, it is necessary to use handcrafted features to increase the efficiency of algorithms. Another challenge is linked to the development of classifiers to automate procedures, such as support vector machines, deep learning, and neural networks.

Dr. Amin Hekmatmanesh
Dr. Fan Gao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • brain–computer interface
  • biosignal processing for control of a vehicle
  • relahbilitation

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

17 pages, 1287 KiB  
Review
Effectiveness of Driving Simulators for Drivers’ Training: A Systematic Review
by Francisco Alonso, Mireia Faus, José V. Riera, Marcos Fernandez-Marin and Sergio A. Useche
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(9), 5266; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095266 - 23 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4724
Abstract
Although driving simulators could be commonly assumed as very useful technological resources for both novel and experienced drivers’ instruction under risk control settings, the evidence addressing their actual effectiveness seems substantially limited. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the existing original literature on [...] Read more.
Although driving simulators could be commonly assumed as very useful technological resources for both novel and experienced drivers’ instruction under risk control settings, the evidence addressing their actual effectiveness seems substantially limited. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the existing original literature on driving simulators as a tool for driver training/instruction, considering study features, their quality, and the established degree of effectiveness of simulators for these purposes. Methods: This study covered a final number of 17 empirical studies, filtered and analyzed in the light of the PRISMA methodology for systematic reviews of the literature. Results: Among a considerably reduced set of original research studies assessing the effectiveness of driving simulators for training purposes, most sources assessing the issue provided reasonably good insights into their value for improving human-based road safety under risk control settings. On the other hand, there are common limitations which stand out, such as the use of very limited research samples, infrequent follow-up of the training outcomes, and reduced information about the limitations targeted during the simulator-based training processes. Conclusions: Despite the key shortcomings highlighted here, studies have commonly provided empirical support on the training value of simulators, as well as endorsed the need for further evaluations of their effectiveness. The data provided by the studies included in this systematic review and those to be carried out in the coming years might provide data of interest for the development and performance improvement of specific training programs using simulators for driver instruction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Automatic Driving Control Method: Latest Advances and Prospects)
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