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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Antimicrobial Therapies and Biological Responses
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Antimicrobial Therapies and Biological Responses

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 9166

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Toshiya Morozumi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan
Interests: antimicrobial therapy and immunological response; alteration of intestinal flora due to bacteremia; relationship between systemic disease and periodontitis
Dr. Fumihiko Yoshino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan
Interests: antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using blue light for oral diseases; anti-aging effects of antioxidants in pharmacology; reactive oxygen species analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antimicrobial treatments for bacterial infections are performed as a causative or adjunctive therapy for various diseases. Broadly, it includes antibacterial drugs, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, and bactericidal peptide. With the decrease of targeted bacteria by antimicrobial treatment, inflammation is suppressed and biological responses such as cytokine secretion or bacterial flora are improved. However, the details related to the mechanism of action of antimicrobial therapy, its effective use, and biological responses have not been fully elucidated. This Special Issue invites articles on antimicrobial therapy and their spread and evolution, including but not limited to the following topics:

  • Antimicrobial therapy and immunological response (e.g., immune cells and soluble factors including cytokines and complement)
  • Antimicrobial therapy and microbiological response (e.g., composition of the microbial community)
  • The evolution and spread of known method of antimicrobial therapy and the emergence of new treatments (e.g., antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and bactericidal peptide)

Dr. Toshiya Morozumi
Dr. Fumihiko Yoshino
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Antimicrobial therapy
  • Dental treatment
  • Oral care
  • Immunological response
  • Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy
  • Bacteral flora
  • Drug delivery system

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2038 KiB  
Article
S-PRG Filler Eluate Induces Oxidative Stress in Oral Microorganism: Suppression of Growth and Pathogenicity, and Possible Clinical Application
by Yu Kono, Muneaki Tamura, Marni E. Cueno, Morio Tonogi and Kenichi Imai
Antibiotics 2021, 10(7), 816; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10070816 - 5 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2473
Abstract
Controlling the oral microbial flora is putatively thought to prevent not only oral diseases, but also systemic diseases caused by oral diseases. This study establishes the antibacterial effect of the novel bioactive substance “S-PRG filler” on oral bacteria. We examined the state of [...] Read more.
Controlling the oral microbial flora is putatively thought to prevent not only oral diseases, but also systemic diseases caused by oral diseases. This study establishes the antibacterial effect of the novel bioactive substance “S-PRG filler” on oral bacteria. We examined the state of oxidative stress caused by the six types of ions released in eluate from the S-PRG filler in oral bacterial cells. Moreover, we investigated the effects of these ions on the growth and pathogenicity of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We found that the released ions affected SOD amount and hydrogen peroxide in bacterial cells insinuating oxidative stress occurrence. In bacterial culture, growth inhibition was observed depending on the ion concentration in the medium. Additionally, released ions suppressed Streptococcus mutans adhesion to hydroxyapatite, S. oralis neuraminidase activity, and Porphyromonas gingivalis hemagglutination and gingipain activity in a concentration-dependent manner. From these results, it was suggested that the ions released from the S-PRG filler may suppress the growth and pathogenicity of the oral bacterial flora. This bioactive material is potentially useful to prevent the onset of diseases inside and outside of the oral cavity, which in turn may have possible applications for oral care and QOL improvement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Therapies and Biological Responses)
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15 pages, 1575 KiB  
Article
Effects of Erythromycin on Osteoclasts and Bone Resorption via DEL-1 Induction in Mice
by Hikaru Tamura, Tomoki Maekawa, Hisanori Domon, Takumi Hiyoshi, Satoru Hirayama, Toshihito Isono, Karin Sasagawa, Daisuke Yonezawa, Naoki Takahashi, Masataka Oda, Takeyasu Maeda, Koichi Tabeta and Yutaka Terao
Antibiotics 2021, 10(3), 312; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10030312 - 17 Mar 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3534
Abstract
Macrolides are used to treat various infectious diseases, including periodontitis. Furthermore, macrolides are known to have immunomodulatory effects; however, the underlying mechanism of their action remains unclear. DEL-1 has emerged as an important factor in homeostatic immunity and osteoclastogenesis. Specifically, DEL-1 is downregulated [...] Read more.
Macrolides are used to treat various infectious diseases, including periodontitis. Furthermore, macrolides are known to have immunomodulatory effects; however, the underlying mechanism of their action remains unclear. DEL-1 has emerged as an important factor in homeostatic immunity and osteoclastogenesis. Specifically, DEL-1 is downregulated in periodontitis tissues. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated whether the osteoclastogenesis inhibitory effects of erythromycin (ERM) are mediated through upregulation of DEL-1 expression. We used a ligature-induced periodontitis model in C57BL/6Ncrl wild-type or DEL-1-deficient mice and in vitro cell-based mechanistic studies to investigate how ERM inhibits alveolar bone resorption. As a result of measuring alveolar bone resorption and gene expression in the tooth ligation model, ERM treatment reduced bone loss by increasing DEL-1 expression and decreasing the expression of osteoclast-related factors in wild-type mice. In DEL-1-deficient mice, ERM failed to suppress bone loss and gene expression of osteoclast-related factors. In addition, ERM treatment downregulated osteoclast differentiation and calcium resorption in in vitro experiments with mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. In conclusion, ERM promotes the induction of DEL-1 in periodontal tissue, which may regulate osteoclastogenesis and decrease inflammatory bone resorption. These findings suggest that ERM may exert immunomodulatory effects in a DEL-1-dependent manner. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Therapies and Biological Responses)
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10 pages, 2344 KiB  
Article
Effects of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on Organic Solution and Root Surface In Vitro
by Yuji Matsushima, Akihiro Yashima, Meri Fukaya, Satoshi Shirakawa, Tomoko Ohshima, Tomomi Kawai, Takatoshi Nagano and Kazuhiro Gomi
Antibiotics 2021, 10(2), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020101 - 21 Jan 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1953
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) is attracting attention as a new form of dental treatment. While it is primarily applied to produce an antibacterial effect, it decreases lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and protease activity. Here, we evaluated differences in the antibacterial activity of a-PDT on three [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) is attracting attention as a new form of dental treatment. While it is primarily applied to produce an antibacterial effect, it decreases lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and protease activity. Here, we evaluated differences in the antibacterial activity of a-PDT on three types of bacteria and the effects on the organic substances (i.e., albumin and LPS). Furthermore, we investigated the effects of a-PDT on root surfaces. A FotoSan630® and toluidine blue were used to perform a-PDT in this study. We measured its antimicrobial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis. Antimicrobial testing revealed strong antimicrobial action and P. gingivalis, E. faecalis, and S. mutans were almost undetectable after 50, 120, and 100 s, respectively. In organic resolution tests, albumin was significantly decreased from 1 min after a-PDT application onward, while LPS significantly decreased at 5 min after the application. The root surfaces after a-PDT were confirmed to be cleaner than the controls without suffering any damage. Depending on the bacterial species, a-PDT exhibited antimicrobial activity against various types of bacteria and sensitivity differed. Moreover, we reported that a-PDT resolves protein and LPS, enabling the formation of a healthy root surface without any damage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Therapies and Biological Responses)
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