Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiological Study of Clinically Relevant Pathogens, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics Use and Antimicrobial Stewardship".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 784

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: clinical microbiology; MDR; antimicrobial resistance; germs; antibiotic resistance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Microbiology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu Mures, Romania
Interests: bacteriology; molecular biology; mycology; virology; antimicrobial activity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
Interests: antibacterial resistance; hospital-acquired infections; new antimicrobial compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following the success of the first edition of this Special Issue, we are pleased to launch the second edition to continue exploring the challenges and advances in antimicrobial resistance.

The escalating threat of bacterial resistance poses a significant challenge in contemporary healthcare, leading to critical clinical implications that profoundly impact treatment options. In recent years, infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) have become endemic in numerous healthcare facilities, resulting in hospital-acquired outbreaks reported globally. Several factors contribute to the varying prevalence of MDRO acquisition across departments, including individual patient risk factors such as underlying diseases, recent hospital admissions, the presence of vascular catheters, major surgeries, and recent antibiotic therapies.

Local factors further influence MDRO acquisition, such as excessive bed occupancy, inadequate patient isolation rooms, high patient-to-nurse ratios, and suboptimal compliance with standard precautions, including hand hygiene and environmental decontamination. There is a growing interest in understanding the role of the environment in patient MDRO acquisition, shedding light on bacterial adaptability, exemplified by the production of bacterial biofilm to facilitate adherence.

Advances in genotyping methods, particularly whole-genome sequencing, offer exciting opportunities to trace the spread of microorganisms either between patients or from the environment to a patient. In this context, we invite contributions for our Special Issue, with a focus on, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • The molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant bacteria;
  • Correlation between antibiotic use and resistance patterns;
  • The identification of risk factors for acquired multidrug resistance;
  • The evaluation of local trends in multidrug-resistant bacteria;
  • The investigation of novel methods for rapid resistance detection;
  • The assessment of antimicrobial activity of new compounds;
  • The relationship between the environment and resistant pathogens.

We encourage submissions of both original research and review articles. Your valuable contributions will significantly advance our understanding of bacterial multidrug resistance and antimicrobial activity.

Dr. Florin George Horhat
Dr. Adrian Man
Dr. Delia Muntean
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibacterial activity
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • infections
  • multidrug-resistant pathogens
  • virulence gene expression
  • drug discovery
  • epidemiological study

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 322 KB  
Article
Drug-Resistant Infections in Burn Patients: A One-Year Analysis of Microbiological Trends and Predictive Risk Factors in a Romanian Tertiary Care Centre
by Oana Izmendi, Baditoiu Luminita, Corina Musuroi, Silvana Vulpie, Delia Muntean, Adela Voinescu, Silvia Ioana Musuroi, Zorin Petrisor Crainiceanu, Panche Taskov, Romanita Jumanca and Monica Licker
Antibiotics 2026, 15(3), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15030307 - 18 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: The susceptibility of burn patients to infections with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is high. The aim of this study is to describe the local patterns of antimicrobial resistance in a Romanian burn unit and to identify risk factors associated with the [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: The susceptibility of burn patients to infections with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is high. The aim of this study is to describe the local patterns of antimicrobial resistance in a Romanian burn unit and to identify risk factors associated with the acquisition of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens. Materials and Methods: We conducted a one-year, observational, retrospective single-centre cohort study including all burn patients with at least one positive culture admitted to our unit during 2024. In order to identify the pathogens and perform antibiograms, we used routine microbiological diagnostic tests. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify XDR risk factors. We also compiled a cumulative antibiogram using the first non-duplicate isolate per patient, following the CLSI M39 guidelines. Results: Among the 180 total admissions, 128 (71.1%) had at least one positive microbiological culture, resulting in 643 bacterial isolates out of 559 samples. The most frequently identified species were A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae. We isolated MDROs in 59.37% of patients, and 26.56% had at least one XDR pathogen isolated during hospitalisation. We identified three independent predictors for the isolation of XDR pathogens: a higher Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI) score (aOR 6.12; p = 0.001), hospital length of stay (LOS) (aOR 1.02; p = 0.030), and the number of bacterial species identified per sample, representing polymicrobial growth (aOR 5.91; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings highlight a significant percentage of MDR and XDR pathogens and provide the foundation for antimicrobial stewardship measures, using the local cumulative antibiogram for empirical therapy. Full article
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