Epidemiology of ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 1878

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
Interests: staphylococcal infection; MRSA; molecular epidemiology E. coli infection; ST131 clone E. coli; community onset bacteremia; antimicrobial drug safety; infectious disease big data analytics; alternative therapy (phage and herb for MDR pathogen)
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The emergence of ESBL (extended spectrum beta-lactamase)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (or third-generation resistant cephalosporin) represents a challenge in the treatment of community-acquired and nosocomial infection. A higher percentage of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae correlates with treatment failure and higher carbapenem use. Some research gaps have been noted in the epidemiology, risk factors and transmission model of ESBL-producing and MDR Enterobacteriaceae in different clinical settings. In addition, more data on animal and environment distribution are necessary. We welcome the submission of studies on the distribution and molecular characterization of antibiotic-resistant genes in ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Furthermore, studies on antibiotic utilization patterns in patients with infections or decolonization strategies in asymptomatic carriers would also be helpful to our readers.

Here is the link to the first edition: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/antibiotics/special_issues/epide_ESBL

Dr. Jiun-Ling Wang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • extended spectrum beta-lactamase
  • enterobacteriaceae
  • epidemiology
  • risk factors
  • antibiotic utilization patterns

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 763 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Evaluation of Increasing Avibactam Concentrations on Ceftazidime Activity against Ceftazidime/Avibactam-Susceptible and Resistant KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates
by Marta Palombo, Benedetta Secci, Federica Bovo, Milo Gatti, Simone Ambretti and Paolo Gaibani
Antibiotics 2023, 12(12), 1707; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12121707 - 7 Dec 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1588
Abstract
The novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations (βL-βLICs) are one of the last-line resources available against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Among βL-βLICs, ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) demonstrated strong activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). Avibactam was proven to restore bactericidal activity of ceftazidime, inhibiting both KPC and OXA-48-like [...] Read more.
The novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations (βL-βLICs) are one of the last-line resources available against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Among βL-βLICs, ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) demonstrated strong activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). Avibactam was proven to restore bactericidal activity of ceftazidime, inhibiting both KPC and OXA-48-like β-lactamases. Despite this, emergence of CAZ-AVI-resistant strains in Enterobacterales has been reported. Herein, we evaluated the in vitro ceftazidime activity in the presence of increasing concentrations of avibactam by the broth microdilution method against CAZ-AVI-susceptible and resistant genome-characterized KPC-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) clinical isolates. Strains expressing KPC and co-expressing KPC/OXA-181 carbapenemase were selected on the basis of the different phenotypic traits for novel βL-βLICs and cefiderocol. Notably, avibactam at 8 mg/L maintained the MIC of ceftazidime above the clinical breakpoint in 14 out of 15 (93%) KPC-Kp resistant to CAZ-AVI. A high concentration of avibactam (i.e., 64 mg/L) is required to observe a bactericidal activity of ceftazidime against 9 out of 15 (60%) CAZ-AVI-resistant isolates. In vitro evaluation showed that with the increase in the concentration of avibactam, ceftazidime showed high activity against CAZ-AVI-susceptible strains. High concentrations of avibactam in vivo are required for ceftazidime to be active against CAZ-AVI-resistant KPC-Kp. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiology of ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, 2nd Edition)
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