Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 513

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School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China
Interests: antibiotic resistance; infectious diseases; tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; genome; bacterial; molecular epidemiology
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Dear Colleagues,

Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Drug resistance, especially multidrug resistance (MDR), is an important risk factor in TB treatment failure and death. Monitoring and understanding Mycobacterium tuberculosis distribution, pathogenesis, and antimicrobial resistance is critical in developing new strategies to control this bacterium more efficiently. For this Special Issue, we welcome contributions on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Prof. Dr. Chongguang Yang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • prevalence
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • multidrug-resistance
  • tuberculosis
  • molecular epidemiology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 2048 KiB  
Article
Sentinel-Site-Based Surveillance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drug Resistance and Epidemiology in Sichuan, China
by Yiting Wang, Chunfa Liu, Bing Zhao, Xichao Ou, Hui Xia, Yuanyuan Song, Yang Zheng, Yang Zhou, Ruida Xing, Yanlin Zhao and Huiwen Zheng
Antibiotics 2025, 14(7), 625; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14070625 - 20 Jun 2025
Viewed by 263
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate epidemiological/drug-resistance characteristics and identify potential factors related to drug-resistant and clustered tuberculosis in Sichuan. Methods: A total of 295 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates were collected from surveillance sites in Sichuan from 2019 to 2021. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of [...] Read more.
Objectives: To investigate epidemiological/drug-resistance characteristics and identify potential factors related to drug-resistant and clustered tuberculosis in Sichuan. Methods: A total of 295 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates were collected from surveillance sites in Sichuan from 2019 to 2021. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 12 anti-TB drugs were acquired using the broth microdilution method, followed by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis. Results: Of 268 MTB isolates with both WGS and drug-susceptibility testing (DST) results, 159 (59.3%, 159/268) strains belonged to the Beijing lineage (L2). Isoniazid had the highest resistance rate (15.3%, 41/268), followed by rifampicin (9.3%, 25/268). The sensitivity of WGS to predict drug resistance varied from 75% to 97.6%, and the specificity was above 96.0% for all. rpoB Ser450Leu (41.7%, 10/24) and katG Ser315Thr (70%, 28/40) were the most frequent mutations in rifampicin and isoniazid resistance isolates, respectively. The clustering rate in Sichuan was 9.3% (25/268), and patients ≤ 24 years old (aOR = 11.697; 95% CI: 0.817–167.463) had a greater risk of clustering. Conclusions: Our findings prove that WGS is a promising tool for predicting drug resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, moxifloxacin and levofloxacin in Sichuan. The higher resistance rate to isoniazid emphasizes the urgent need for susceptibility testing surveillance and application management. Improving the diagnosis, treatment and management of patients ≤ 24 years old may reduce the transmission of MTB in Sichuan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
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