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Antibiotics
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New Drugs, Innovative Antimicrobial Approaches, and Optimized Dosages: Bridging Research...
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New Drugs, Innovative Antimicrobial Approaches, and Optimized Dosages: Bridging Research and Clinical Practice

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1841

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jerónimo Pachón

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain
2. Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocio University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
Interests: multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli; pathogenesis; virulence; clinical impact; respiratory viruses; immunocompromised patients
Dr. Rocío Álvarez-Marín

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Parasitology. Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
Interests: multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli; pathogenesis; antimicrobial efficacy evaluation; solid organ transplant infections
Dr. María E. Pachón-Ibáñez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
Interests: multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli; pathogenesis; virulence; immune response; antimicrobial development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, there is a global lack of antimicrobials, both for multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, especially among gram-negative bacilli, and for an important number of viruses, such as those producing respiratory infections, haemorrhagic fevers, central nervous system infections, or febrile syndromes, among other diseases. Among bacteria, the evolving appearance of new enzymes causing hydrolysis of the beta-lactam rings rapidly spreading from one to other countries causes difficult-to treat infections regarding health-care-associated infections and community-acquired infections, with incidences depending on the countries and the inappropriate antibiotic use. Among viral infections, there are effective drugs mainly for chronic viral infections, such as those caused by HIV, HCV, and scarce acute infections such as influenza, COVID-19 and herpesvirus, but not for approximately 90% of viruses causing human infections. Thus, the need for new therapies is urgent.

This Special Issue focuses on new drug development and other antimicrobial approaches against MDR bacteria and viruses without current treatment and will consist of 10-15 manuscripts, which may include original clinical and/or experimental research, review articles, case series, and opinion papers. We are mainly interested in innovative drugs, dosages, and approaches, and adjuvants to antibiotics molecules for MDR bacterial infections and new drug development for viral infections.

Prof. Dr. Jerónimo Pachón
Dr. Rocío Álvarez-Marín
Dr. María E. Pachón-Ibáñez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibiotics
  • antivirals
  • pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
  • clinical evaluation
  • experimental studies
  • new antimicrobial approaches

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 1455 KB  
Article
ElastoMeric Infusion Pumps for Hospital AntibioTICs (EMPHATIC): A Feasibility Study
by Joseph J. Spencer-Jones, Stuart E. Bond, Nicola Walker, Jade Lee-Milner, Julie Thompson, Damilola Mustapha, Annam Sadiq, Achyut Guleri, Jayanta B. Sarma, Liz Breen and Jonathan A. T. Sandoe
Antibiotics 2025, 14(11), 1122; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14111122 - 7 Nov 2025
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Abstract
Background: Elastomeric infusion pumps (EMPs) are safe and effective for administering outpatient intravenous (IV) antibiotics. We hypothesized that EMPs may provide benefits in the inpatient setting. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of giving IV antibiotics using EMPs to adult inpatients and [...] Read more.
Background: Elastomeric infusion pumps (EMPs) are safe and effective for administering outpatient intravenous (IV) antibiotics. We hypothesized that EMPs may provide benefits in the inpatient setting. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of giving IV antibiotics using EMPs to adult inpatients and to identify barriers and facilitators for their implementation. Methods and Objectives: Patients who were 18 years of age and over requiring at least seven days of IV flucloxacillin, benzylpenicillin or piperacillin/tazobactam and who were clinically stable were eligible. We collected quantitative data for feasibility, clinical outcomes and intervention acceptability. We applied an implementation research framework to help triangulate the data. Analyses were descriptive, with the intent of preparing for future studies. Results: IV antibiotics from 94 EMPs were administered to nine patients, with five patients completing treatment with an EMP. Five of the six patients surveyed said they would use EMPs again. Nurses felt EMPs were safer, less time consuming and improved working conditions. IV antibiotics via EMPs cost GBP 32.50 (GBP 3.35–GBP 83.44) more per day than intermittent infusions. Residual volume in EMPs was an issue which resulted in reduced antibiotic doses being delivered. The main facilitators to use of EMPs in the inpatient setting were adaptability, tension for change, recipient centeredness and needs of the deliverers. The barriers were lack of advantage, critical incidents and cost. Conclusion: This proof of concept feasibility study shows that it may be feasible to use EMPs in the inpatient setting. There is potential to improve patient and staff experience; however, cost and residual volume are potential barriers to implementation, with further studies required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Drugs, Innovative Antimicrobial Approaches, and Optimized Dosages: Bridging Research and Clinical Practice)
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17 pages, 623 KB  
Article
Landscape of Post-Marketing Requirements Under the Pediatric Research Equity Act for Antibiotics from 2009–2024
by Daniel Selig, Funmi Aminu, Sue Cammarata, Ting Chen, Lauren Dolak, Stephen Duprez, Stephanie Ecker, Lisa Gault, Sandra George, Margaret Harkins, Clayton Litchmore, Michael Serenko, William Waverczak and Doug Girgenti
Antibiotics 2025, 14(6), 583; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14060583 - 6 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: We reviewed Post-Marketing Requirements (PMRs) under the Pediatric Research Equity Act (PREA) for antibiotics approved in adults from 2009 to 2024 to better understand factors associated with PMR study completion. Methods: Initial PMRs, including study design and completion timelines were extracted [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: We reviewed Post-Marketing Requirements (PMRs) under the Pediatric Research Equity Act (PREA) for antibiotics approved in adults from 2009 to 2024 to better understand factors associated with PMR study completion. Methods: Initial PMRs, including study design and completion timelines were extracted from Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval letters. Studies were cross-referenced at clinicaltrials.gov, with follow-up from adult approval to study completion or through 31 December 2024. Results: Eighteen antibiotics were approved in adults from 2009 to 2024, with 53 associated PREA PMRs. A total of nine PMRs were excluded from analysis (six exclusions for projected study completion dates on or after 12/31/2024, one exclusion due to lack of information, and two exclusions because the study type was not categorizable as Phase 1 or Phase 2). Of the 44 remaining PMRs in the analysis set, the median pediatric study follow-up time from adult approval was 5.3 years (range 0.94 to 11.5 years), with a study completion rate of 54.5% (N = 24). Small- and medium-sized companies had a study completion rate of 10% (N = 2/20) over a median of 6.44 years of follow-up, with no pediatric approvals. Large pharmaceutical corporations had a significantly higher study completion rate of 91.6% (N = 22/24; adjusted hazard ratio 20.3 95%CI, 5.02 to 82.4) over a median follow-up time of 4.7 years and achieved pediatric approval with labelling updates for 75% of antibiotics (N = 6/8). Conclusions: Compared to larger organizations, smaller pharmaceutical companies have experienced difficulty in PREA PMR antibiotic study completion, which may be related to financial difficulties in the challenging market for antibiotics. To improve PMR study completion, smaller companies require continued financial support and innovation in study design. For pediatric antibiotic development, the FDA accepts the extrapolation of efficacy from well-conducted randomized adult trials (i.e., pharmacokinetics (PK) and the safety approach). Therefore, sponsors should consider the use of single-arm, non-comparative PK and safety study designs to reduce the size and scope of trials. Sponsors should also assess whether the evaluation of an antibiotic is necessary in adolescents, or if data in a surrogate population of adults (e.g., low-weight adults) may serve as adequate evidence for adolescent approval. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Drugs, Innovative Antimicrobial Approaches, and Optimized Dosages: Bridging Research and Clinical Practice)
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