The Interventions to Prevent and Reduce Healthcare-Associated Infection

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotic Therapy in Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2025) | Viewed by 1109

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Interests: antibiotic resistance; Clostridium difficile; gut microbiome; infections

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are infections that patients acquire while receiving treatment for other conditions within a healthcare setting. They represent a major challenge for patient safety worldwide, leading to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and higher mortality rates. Common types of HAIs include bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, Clostridioides difficile infection, and pneumonia, particularly ventilator-associated pneumonia. These infections are often caused by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus species, Candida spp, and resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Clostridioides difficile poses a particular challenge because spores can persist in the environment for a long time. Several factors contribute to the development of HAIs, including using invasive devices such as catheters and ventilators, surgical procedures, antibiotic use, compromised immune systems, and inadequate adherence to infection prevention protocols. The burden of HAIs is especially high in low- and middle-income countries, where resources for infection control may be limited. Many HAIs are preventable through strict implementation of standard precautions, such as hand hygiene, proper sterilization of medical equipment, environmental cleaning, and the judicious use of antibiotics to prevent resistance. Healthcare workers play a crucial role in preventing HAIs by following best practices and engaging in continuous education and training. In addition, hospitals must foster a culture of safety, as well as invest in infection control and antibiotic stewardship programs. Surveillance systems are essential to monitor infection rates, identify outbreaks early, and guide interventions. Reducing HAIs not only improves patient outcomes but also strengthens trust in healthcare systems and reduces the financial burden on both hospitals and patients. Overall, tackling HAIs requires a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach and a continuous focus on implementing best practices.

Prof. Dr. Nasia Safdar
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • infection
  • resistance
  • methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
  • vancomycin resistant enterococcus
  • Clostridioides difficile infection

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 784 KB  
Article
Retrospective Evaluation of Central Venous Catheter Use for Parenteral Nutrition in Pediatric Intestinal Failure: Infections and Taurolidine Role
by Júlia Vicentin de Souza, Angelica Sczepaniak da Silva, Lucas Gabriel Souza da Silva, Jéssica de Carvalho Inácio, Meire Ellen Pereira, Luíza Siqueira de Lima, Jaqueline de Sousa Fortes, Thaís Muniz Vasconcelos, Libera Maria Dalla Costa, Jocemara Gurmini and Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira
Antibiotics 2026, 15(2), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15020193 - 10 Feb 2026
Viewed by 882
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to describe the main microorganisms causing catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) and to evaluate the effectiveness of taurolidine catheter lock therapy in children with intestinal failure (IF) receiving parenteral nutrition (PN). Study design: This retrospective study included 31 pediatric patients [...] Read more.
Objective: This study aimed to describe the main microorganisms causing catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) and to evaluate the effectiveness of taurolidine catheter lock therapy in children with intestinal failure (IF) receiving parenteral nutrition (PN). Study design: This retrospective study included 31 pediatric patients with IF admitted between 2017 and 2022 who received PN via central venous catheters (CVCs). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, along with information on PN use, catheter characteristics, and infection episodes, including clinical signs, microbiological cultures, and antimicrobial therapy. Serum C-reactive protein and albumin levels, as well as the use of taurolidine lock therapy, were analyzed. Results: The median age was 54.4 days among patients who developed CRBSI and 154.1 days among those without CRBSI. The median duration of PN was 119 days in patients with CRBSI and 89 days in those without. Nineteen patients experienced CRBSI, accounting for 55 infection episodes confirmed by blood cultures obtained from CVCs. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Taurolidine lock therapy was significantly associated with lower infection rates per 1000 catheter days, with most infected catheters and infection episodes occurring in the absence of taurolidine use. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the characterization of the microbiological profile of CRBSIs in pediatric patients with IF and support the use of advanced preventive strategies, such as taurolidine lock therapy, to reduce infection rates in children receiving long-term PN. Full article
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