Farm Animal Sedation, Anaesthesia and Analgesia—Are We Doing Good (Enough)?

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2023) | Viewed by 4663

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Pullman, WA 99164-7010, USA
Interests: cardiovascular and respiratory physiology; anesthetic drugs; development of new analgesic drugs

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am deeply honored to be the Guest Editor for this special issue of Animals. I was raised surrounded by beef cattle and cattle producers and am now a veterinary anesthesiologist with a focus on the relief of pain and suffering in animals. Together, my background and professional experience sustain my passionate drive for continual advances in anesthesia and analgesia for all animals, including farm animals.

Pain has well-known potential to cause negative impacts, often profound negative impacts, on the health, behavior, welfare and quality of life in animals. In farm animals, these negative impacts can lead to a myriad of effects, including decreased weight gain, milk production and immune function. These, as well as other adverse effects, can in turn negatively affect the producer through animal and economic loss. Unfortunately, pain often goes unrecognized in farm animals, and treatments can be limited by choice (i.e., there are few choices), availability, practicality, meat/milk residues and economic factors. Thus, there is a need for more research on pain identification and management, along with research on the impact of pain on health, behavior, welfare, and quality of life. Producer and consumer attitudes as shaped by the effect of pain in this field should also be explored.

Sedation and/or anesthesia may be required for the initial treatment of some painful conditions. Drugs for these procedures are also limited by the factors listed above, and therefore, there is a critical need for research on anesthesia/sedation techniques. Such work should include strategies for anesthesia in the field and the mitigation of pain during the surgical procedure.

I know that numerous people share a similar passion for the well-being of both animals and their producers, and I hope that you will join me in the mission to advance—and share—knowledge of safe and effective analgesia, sedation and anesthesia for farm animals. This Special Issue is inviting the submission of both original research papers and reviews. The issue is focused on farm animals of all types, and topics of interest include, but are not limited to: (1) identification of pain; (2) evaluation of the impact of pain on animal health, behavior, welfare, quality of life and/or production; (3) development of new analgesic, sedative or anesthetic drugs/techniques; (4) assessment of the validity, reliability and feasibility of existing, new or novel analgesic, sedative or anesthetic drugs/techniques; and (5) measurement of the effects of analgesic, sedative and anesthetic drugs on physiologic systems.

I am looking forward to working with each of you in this Special Issue as we take steps towards achieving this important and honorable mission.

Prof. Dr. Tamara L. Grubb
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • farm animals
  • welfare
  • consumer attitudes
  • sedation
  • painful conditions
  • analgesic
  • new analgesic drugs

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 3639 KiB  
Article
Description of an Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block and Comparison to a Blind Proximal Paravertebral Nerve Block in Cows: A Cadaveric Study
by Olivia D’Anselme, Amanda Hartnack, Jose Suarez Sanchez Andrade, Christian Alfaro Rojas, Simone Katja Ringer and Paula de Carvalho Papa
Animals 2022, 12(17), 2191; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12172191 - 25 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3948
Abstract
The proximal paravertebral nerve block is commonly used to provide anaesthesia to the flank during standing surgical procedures in adult cattle. It has been reported that additional anaesthetic infiltration may be necessary to provide complete anaesthesia. In humans as well as animal species, [...] Read more.
The proximal paravertebral nerve block is commonly used to provide anaesthesia to the flank during standing surgical procedures in adult cattle. It has been reported that additional anaesthetic infiltration may be necessary to provide complete anaesthesia. In humans as well as animal species, another technique—the ultrasound (US)-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB)—has been described. The goal of the present study was to develop and investigate an US-guided ESPB in comparison to a blind proximal paravertebral nerve block (PPNB) in cow cadavers. In 10 cadaver specimens, injections of methylene blue-lidocaine (1:1) were performed at the level of T13, L1 and L2 vertebras, on one side doing an ESPB block and, on the other side, a PPNB. Five cadavers were injected with high (40 mL per injection for PPNB and 20 mL for ESPB) and five with low (20 and 15 mL, respectively) volumes of injectate. For the ESPB, the ultrasound probe was oriented craniocaudally, and the ventral-cranial aspect of the articular processes (T13, L1 and L2) was targeted for injection. The dye spreading was evaluated by dissection. The landmarks for US-guided injection were easily visualized; however, injections were accidentally performed at T12, T13 and L1. Nevertheless, L2 was stained in 60% of ESPBs. Epidural spreading was observed with both techniques and all volumes. Viscera puncture was reported in two PPNBs. The ESPB resulted in similar nerve staining compared to the PPNB while using a lower volume of injectate. Even better staining is expected with a T13-L2 instead of a T12-L1 ESPB approach. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical efficacy. Full article
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