Advances in Animal Chromosomal and Genomic Instability

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2025) | Viewed by 1079

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute for Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, 80055 Portici, Italy
Interests: animal clinical cytogenetics; environmental cytogenetics; evolutionary animal cytognetics; molecular cytogenetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Genetics and Reproductive Biotechnologies, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
Interests: animal cytogenetics; molecular cytogenetics; evolutionary animal cytogenetics

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Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milano University, 20131 Milano, Italy
Interests: clinical cytogenetics; molecular cytogenetics; bio-informatics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mammalian chromosomes have largely been used as biological materials to identify the causes of congenital abnormalities, measure the impact of exposure to environmental mutagens, diagnose specific cancer types and assess their prognosis, and improve species taxonomy. Chromosome instability (CIN) is often linked to genomic instability (GIN) throughout genetic changes induced by mutagenic factors. Being a hallmark of cancer, CIN and GIN can serve as specific diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic biomarkers. It can also drive karyotype evolution and speciation.

Testing CIN can include the detection of (a) polyploidy and structural chromosome abnormalities; (b) chromosome breaks; (c) sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs); (d) micronuclei; (e) chromatin integrity; and (f) telomere changes. CIN can be studied using conventional techniques, FISH, the comet assay, and qPCR. GIN is essentially related to next-generation sequencing technology.

The aim of this Special Issue is to fill the gaps in the scientific knowledge on the processes associated with chromosome and genomic instability in animals. The present Special Issue is open to both original and review papers showing the origin and causes of CIN in animal cells. We invite manuscripts focusing on the clastogenic impact of exposure to mutagens, chromosome changes occurring during mitosis and/or meiosis, the significance of CIN in cancer, and its effects on species evolution.

Dr. Leopoldo Iannuzzi
Dr. Miluše Vozdova
Dr. Pietro Parma
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • chromosome instability
  • chromosome break
  • ploidy
  • sister chromatid exchange
  • micronuclei
  • chromatin integrity
  • telomere
  • cancer
  • karyotype

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 1376 KB  
Article
Neo-X-Linked Chromosome Polymorphism: Cytogenetic Insights from Passalites nemorivagus (Mammalia, Cervidae)
by Raquel Muhlbeier Bonato, Agda Maria Bernegossi, Eluzai Dinai Pinto Sandoval, Halina Cernohorska, Miluse Vozdova and José Maurício Barbanti Duarte
Animals 2025, 15(17), 2557; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15172557 - 30 Aug 2025
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Abstract
Chromosomal instability plays a significant role in karyotype evolution and speciation in mammalian groups with notable intraspecific chromosomal variation. The Cervidae family, known for its rapid karyotypic evolution due to chromosomal fragility, shows substantial chromosomal diversity, making it a focal point for studies [...] Read more.
Chromosomal instability plays a significant role in karyotype evolution and speciation in mammalian groups with notable intraspecific chromosomal variation. The Cervidae family, known for its rapid karyotypic evolution due to chromosomal fragility, shows substantial chromosomal diversity, making it a focal point for studies on chromosomal evolution, particularly with respect to conservation and taxonomic classification. The Amazon gray brocket deer (Passalites nemorivagus) exhibits pronounced chromosomal polymorphism, including two distinct sex chromosome systems: the ancestral XX/XY system and a new system due to an X–autosome fusion (neo-X), where males present XY1Y2. This variation is intriguing, especially given that the effects on hybrids have not been previously reported. This study uses bovine whole-chromosome painting (WCP) and BAC probes to document karyotypic variation in P. nemorivagus. A male with the XY system and a heterozygous autosomal Robertsonian fusion was paired with a female with neo-X chromosomes, and the resulting female offspring displayed an X–autosome fusion in heterozygosity. The females in this study, hybrids for the sex system, exhibited estrus, copulated, and both gave birth to offspring. This characterization is the first step in investigating the effects of sex chromosome system variation on hybrid viability and fertility, and provides insights into the reproductive biology of Neotropical deer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Animal Chromosomal and Genomic Instability)
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