Fish Cognition and Behaviour

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 1349

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, entitled “Fish Cognition and Behaviour”, aims to advance our understanding of the cognitive abilities and behavioral strategies of fish, shedding light on their ecological, evolutionary and neurobiological significance. This collection seeks to explore the mechanisms underlying fish cognition, including perception, learning, memory, decision-making, and social interactions, as well as how these behaviors adapt to environmental challenges.

The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • Cognitive processes in fish, such as problem-solving, spatial navigation, and tool use.
  • Behavioral adaptations to changing environments (e.g., climate change, habitat loss).
  • Social behavior and communication in fish populations.
  • Neurobiological foundations of cognition and behavior in fish species.
  • Comparative studies between fish and other vertebrates in cognitive or behavioral traits.
  • Applications of fish cognition research in conservation biology and aquaculture.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of original research articles, reviews, case studies, and methodological advancements that provide novel insights into fish cognition and behavior. By compiling interdisciplinary perspectives from ethology, neurobiology, ecology, evolutionary biology, and biomedical research, we aim to foster a deeper understanding of these fascinating organisms in experimental science.

Dr. Asahi Ogi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cognitive processes
  • behavioral adaptations
  • social behavior
  • neurobiological foundations
  • fish ethology

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2606 KB  
Article
Divergent Embryo Responses to Chemical Cues in Two Freshwater Fishes with Different Parental Care Strategies
by Ning Zhang, Qinlei Li, Minghui Li, Chris K. Elvidge, Chuke Deng, Deshou Wang, Shijian Fu and Jigang Xia
Animals 2025, 15(24), 3511; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15243511 - 5 Dec 2025
Abstract
Chemical information is one of the most important modes of communication among aquatic organisms. However, it remains unclear whether fish embryos are innately responsive to ecologically-related chemical cues from the cues of their cohort competitors, potential caring or risky cues from parents, or [...] Read more.
Chemical information is one of the most important modes of communication among aquatic organisms. However, it remains unclear whether fish embryos are innately responsive to ecologically-related chemical cues from the cues of their cohort competitors, potential caring or risky cues from parents, or chemical alarm cues from damaged embryos, and whether these response patterns differ between species that model alternative parental care strategies. Here, we examined embryo responses in heart rate and incubation performance to different conspecific chemical cues (companion embryo odours, maternal odours, maternal + companion odours, embryonic alarm cues, or water controls) in zebrafish (Danio rerio; no parental care) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus; high parental care). Zebrafish embryos did not respond to companion embryo odours but did respond similarly to maternal odours and alarm cues consistent with detecting elevated risk levels. In contrast, Nile tilapia embryos only demonstrated significant risk responses to embryonic alarm cues. These findings indicate that embryos of both species can innately recognize alarm cues but differ in their response patterns to conspecific odours. The results highlight that parental care strategies may influence intergenerational chemical communication in fish embryos. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Cognition and Behaviour)
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28 pages, 29419 KB  
Article
Complex Sound Discrimination in Zebrafish: Auditory Learning Within a Novel “Go/Go” Decision-Making Paradigm
by Anna Patel, Sai Mattapalli and Jagmeet S. Kanwal
Animals 2025, 15(23), 3452; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15233452 - 29 Nov 2025
Viewed by 168
Abstract
Previous anatomic and physiologic studies of the peripheral and central auditory system, with rare exceptions, have relied on the use of tonal stimuli. Here, we test the hypothesis that zebrafish, Danio rerio, can detect and discriminate between two 6 s long complex [...] Read more.
Previous anatomic and physiologic studies of the peripheral and central auditory system, with rare exceptions, have relied on the use of tonal stimuli. Here, we test the hypothesis that zebrafish, Danio rerio, can detect and discriminate between two 6 s long complex sounds—a sequence of five multi-harmonic, noise-embedded constant frequency (NCF) tone pips and a chirp sequence consisting of six rapid downward frequency-modulated (DFM) sweeps. To test our hypothesis, we develop an associative conditioning assay, requiring prediction of an unconditioned stimulus (US). A video clip of a shoal of free-swimming zebrafish presented on an LCD screen serves as a desirable or rewarding US and a bullfrog with inflating and deflating vocal sacs serves as an aversive or fearful US. Within our novel “Go-to/Go-away” (or Go/Go) assay, sound discrimination allows an animal to decide to go/swim towards the desirable US and away from the undesirable US within a short time window preceding each US. We use markerless tracking of fish locations following twelve training runs and six test runs to determine if zebrafish can discriminate between the two sounds. We discovered that on average, fish move closer to the LCD screen in response to the sound paired to the rewarding CS and farther away from the screen in response to the sound paired with the aversive US. Differences in locations and longest swim trajectories occur in the 3 s time window between the CS and the US. These differences are largely retained on the second day of testing, suggesting overnight memory consolidation. We conclude that adult zebrafish can both perceive and rapidly learn to discriminate between complex sounds and that our novel assay can be implemented for high throughput screening of drugs targeted for alleviating memory and attention deficits as well as other neurodegenerative disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Cognition and Behaviour)
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25 pages, 3837 KB  
Article
Swimming Performance and Behavior of High-Altitude Fish in High-Flow Velocity Environments
by Kaixiao Chen, Guanxi Ding, Yun Li, Gangwei He, Yanteng Zhou and Xiaogang Wang
Animals 2025, 15(22), 3327; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15223327 - 18 Nov 2025
Viewed by 242
Abstract
The optimization of fishway design relies on a deep understanding of fish swimming performance and behavioral traits. Traditional methods often underestimate fish swimming performance and overlook their behavior under high-flow conditions, particularly in the context of high-altitude species. This study, based on an [...] Read more.
The optimization of fishway design relies on a deep understanding of fish swimming performance and behavioral traits. Traditional methods often underestimate fish swimming performance and overlook their behavior under high-flow conditions, particularly in the context of high-altitude species. This study, based on an open-channel flume system and combined with high-speed video tracking and Acoustic Doppler Velocity (ADV) measurements, constructs a Resource Selection Function-Generalized Additive Mixed Models (RSF-GAMMs) to quantify the swimming performance and behavior mechanisms of the high-altitude species, Schizothorax oconnori Lloyd, 1908 (S. oconnori), in high-velocity environments. The results show that S. oconnori significantly outperforms traditional swimming tests and exhibits strong dependence on movement modes. Endurance analysis reveals the breakpoints of endurance models, indicating the species’ high sensitivity to variations in exercise intensity, showcasing the unique physiological and behavioral characteristics of high-altitude fish. In high-velocity conditions, adult S. oconnori primarily aims to optimize energy conservation and stability, selectively choosing water bodies with varying disturbance levels depending on its movement mode and endurance state, thus optimizing path selection. This study presents a systematic method for quantifying the extreme swimming abilities and nonlinear behavioral responses of adult S. oconnori under complex flow conditions, providing scientific guidance for setting hydraulic thresholds and developing protection strategies for fishways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Cognition and Behaviour)
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15 pages, 2519 KB  
Article
Genetic Variability Related Behavioral Plasticity in Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) Fingerlings
by Ildikó Benedek, Béla Urbányi, Balázs Kovács, István Lehoczky, Attila Zsolnai and Tamás Molnár
Animals 2025, 15(15), 2229; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15152229 - 29 Jul 2025
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Abstract
Background: The relationship between genetic diversity and fitness is well understood, but few studies have investigated how behavior influences genetic diversity, or vice versa. We investigated the relationship between feeding behavior (on a pelleted diet) and genetic diversity in pikeperch, a piscivorous species. [...] Read more.
Background: The relationship between genetic diversity and fitness is well understood, but few studies have investigated how behavior influences genetic diversity, or vice versa. We investigated the relationship between feeding behavior (on a pelleted diet) and genetic diversity in pikeperch, a piscivorous species. Methods: A total of 135 juvenile pikeperch from the same stock were grouped into three behavioral groups: pellet consuming, pellet refusing, and cannibalistic. Eighteen microsatellite markers were used to characterize the genetic diversity and structure of individuals. Results: The juveniles were classified into two genetic clusters: one dominated by pellet-consuming individuals and the other by pellet-refusing individuals containing equal proportions of cannibal individuals. Three of the microsatellite markers were under selection, but only one showed significant genetic segregation between the groups. For this marker, the pellet consumption was associated with low fragment length. Individual multilocus heterozygosity was significantly higher in the pellet-refusing group. Conclusions: These results suggest that pellet consumption acts as an uncontrolled selective force during domestication, influencing the genetic variability of domesticated populations. The ability to habituate to pellets has a significant genetic basis. Cannibalism does not affect genetic variability, and the emergence of the trait is independent of the propensity to consume pellets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Cognition and Behaviour)
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