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Animals
Special Issues
Additives in Fish Stress: Comparative Endocrine and Physiological Responses
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Additives in Fish Stress: Comparative Endocrine and Physiological Responses

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 1251

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Xiaodan Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Interests: aquatic animal nutrition; comparative physiology; stress adaptation; osmoregulation; genetic evolution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to collect full-length articles, review articles, and communications that present original research on the latest strategies in fish stress (Stressors, stress responses, and their impacts, etc.). The compilation will cover a range of topics, including but not limited to, the effects of different additives on stress response in fish, the impact of stressors on fish health, and the endocrine and physiological responses of fish under the action of additives, management of stress response in fish farming, the regulatory effect of feed additives on endocrine/physiological responses.

This Special Issue invites contributions addressing various aspects related to the stress response. Furthermore, while the focus is primarily on fish, submissions on stress responses in other aquatic species will also be considered, valuable works on other aquatic species can also be considered.

Prof. Dr. Xiaodan Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • environmental stress
  • physiological response
  • fishes
  • adaptive mechanism

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 1721 KiB  
Article
Evaluating the Impact of Arginine-to-Lysine Ratios on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Defense, and Immune Modulation in Juvenile Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)
by Yulong Sun, Shuailiang Zhang, Xueyao Luan, Tao Liu, Jiale He, Jiteng Wang and Tao Han
Animals 2025, 15(13), 1947; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15131947 - 2 Jul 2025
Viewed by 340
Abstract
This study examines the impact of the arginine/lysine ratio in feed on the growth, serum amino acids, arginine metabolism, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile largemouth bass (5.95 ± 0.02 g). Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets with varying arginine/lysine ratios were formulated and administered [...] Read more.
This study examines the impact of the arginine/lysine ratio in feed on the growth, serum amino acids, arginine metabolism, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile largemouth bass (5.95 ± 0.02 g). Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets with varying arginine/lysine ratios were formulated and administered over an eight-week period. The results indicated that the treatments had no significant effect on protein efficiency ratio (PER), daily feed intake (DFI), or morphological indices of juvenile largemouth bass (p > 0.05). When the arginine/lysine ratio was 0.85 (2.25/2.65; 2.54/3.00), liver antioxidant capacity was maximized, and inflammatory factors were suppressed. Conversely, a ratio of 2.25/2.99 significantly reduced weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) in juvenile largemouth bass, inhibited arginase activity, and increased serum total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS) activity. When lysine was in excess (2.25/2.99 group), elevating arginine content (2.54/3.00 group) enhanced growth, antioxidant, and immune performance. Analysis of glutathione metabolism and innate immune-related pathway revealed that an optimal arginine/lysine ratio mitigates inflammatory damage induced by oxidative stress. An arginine/lysine imbalance significantly elevated liver malondialdehyde (MDA) content while reducing total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) content, thereby increasing the expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL1B, IL8, TGFB1, BAX). These findings demonstrate that an imbalance in arginine/lysine adversely affects the growth, metabolism, and antioxidant capacity of largemouth bass. When lysine is in excess, increasing the arginine content to achieve an arginine/lysine ratio of 0.85 alleviates the negative effects of antagonism, suggesting arginine supplementation may regulate oxidative damage caused by lysine excess. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Additives in Fish Stress: Comparative Endocrine and Physiological Responses)
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12 pages, 498 KiB  
Article
The Potential of the Inclusion of Prosopis farcta Extract in the Diet on the Growth Performance, Immunity, Digestive Enzyme Activity, and Oxidative Status of the Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio, in Response to Ammonia Stress
by Morteza Yousefi, Hossein Adineh, Basim S. A. Al Sulivany, Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari, Sevdan Yilmaz, Heba H. Mahboub and Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
Animals 2025, 15(6), 895; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15060895 - 20 Mar 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 653
Abstract
Herbal feed additives have benefits in aquaculture, as they can improve growth performance, welfare, and stress resistance. Hence, the effects of dietary Prosopis farcta extract (PFE) on the growth parameters, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant defense, innate immunity responses, and resistance to ammonia stress [...] Read more.
Herbal feed additives have benefits in aquaculture, as they can improve growth performance, welfare, and stress resistance. Hence, the effects of dietary Prosopis farcta extract (PFE) on the growth parameters, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant defense, innate immunity responses, and resistance to ammonia stress in the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, were studied. Fish (15.14 ± 0.72 g) were fed on diets without the PFE (PFE0) or those fortified with 0.5% (PFE0.5), 1% (PFE1), or 2% (PFE2) PFE for 60 days and then subjected to ammonia stress for 24 h. The growth rate, feed efficiency, and amylase-, lipase-, and protease-specific activities in the PFE1 and PFE2 treatments showed significant elevations compared to these values in PFE0. The intestinal protease-specific activity significantly increased in all of the PFE treatments compared to that in the PFE0 treatment. Serum total protein and immunoglobulin significantly increased in the PFE1 treatment, whereas serum albumin and alternative complement activity significantly increased in the PFE2 treatment compared to these values in the PFE0 treatment. The PFE2 treatment significantly mitigated post-stress elevations in serum cortisol, glucose, malondialdehyde levels, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities. The PFE1 treatment significantly mitigated post-stress elevations in CAT activity and decreases in SOD and lysozyme activity. In conclusion, 1–2% dietary PFE supplementation can improve the growth performance, health, and resilience to environmental stressors of the common carp. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Additives in Fish Stress: Comparative Endocrine and Physiological Responses)
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