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Animals
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SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Wildlife
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SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Wildlife

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Wildlife".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2023) | Viewed by 3368

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hon Ip

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
USGS National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI, USA
Interests: virology; viral diseases of wildlife; avian influenza; coronaviruses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The emergence and rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in 2019 and the subsequent global pandemic raises questions as to the origin of the virus. Moreover, its spillback into mink, white-tailed deer, and other animals raises questions about its host range. The editors at the MDPI journal Animals believe, as do I, that a focused issue is devoted to the question of SARS-CoV-2 infections in wildlife.

I have been invited as the guest editor of this issue and would like to solicit a contribution from you on the topic of SARS-CoV-2 infection in wildlife. We are interested in papers on host range, routes of exposure, potential reservoirs, disease transmission, pathology, immunity, genetics and phylogenetics, host adaptation and mutations, current and historic surveillance programs and other related topics.

In the era of preprint servers, we suggest that there is still significant value in having your research peer-reviewed and published in a high-visibility journal, and I would argue that appearing in an issue devoted to a common topic would bring a wide readership to each of the contributing authors.

Dr. Hon Ip
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coronavirus
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • host range
  • spillback
  • transboundary disease
  • wildlife

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1969 KiB  
Article
Serological and Molecular Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Captive Tigers (Panthera tigris), Thailand
by Nareerat Sangkachai, Somjit Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan, Metawee Thongdee, Parut Suksai, Siriporn Tangsudjai, Peerawat Wongluechai, Sarin Suwanpakdee, Witthawat Wiriyarat, Ruangrat Buddhirongawatr, Luxsana Prasittichai, Anurux Skulpong, Pilailuk Akkapaiboon Okada, Pilaipan Puthavathana and Weena Paungpin
Animals 2022, 12(23), 3350; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233350 - 29 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1573
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Given the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, continuous surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in animals is important. To monitor SARS-CoV-2 infection in wildlife in Thailand, we collected 62 blood samples and nine nasal- and rectal-swab [...] Read more.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Given the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, continuous surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in animals is important. To monitor SARS-CoV-2 infection in wildlife in Thailand, we collected 62 blood samples and nine nasal- and rectal-swab samples from captive tigers (Panthera tigris) in Ratchaburi province in Thailand during 2020–2021. A plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was employed to detect SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. A real-time RT-PCR assay was performed to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Our findings demonstrated that four captive tigers (6.5%, 4/62) had SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies against Wuhan Hu-1 and the Delta variant, while no SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome could be detected in all swab samples. Moreover, a low-level titer of neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron BA.2 subvariant could be found in only one seropositive tiger. The source of SARS-CoV-2 infection in these tigers most likely came from close contact with the infected animals’ caretakers who engaged in activities such as tiger petting and feeding. In summary, we described the first case of natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in captive tigers during the COVID-19 outbreak in Thailand and provided seroepidemiological-based evidence of human-to-animal transmission. Our findings highlight the need for continuous surveillance of COVID-19 among the captive tiger population and emphasize the need to adopt a One Health approach for preventing and controlling outbreaks of COVID-19 zoonotic disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Wildlife)
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11 pages, 282 KiB  
Brief Report
Lack of SARS-CoV-2 Viral RNA Detection among a Convenience Sampling of Ohio Wildlife, Companion, and Agricultural Animals, 2020–2021
by Margot Ehrlich, Christopher Madden, Dillon S. McBride, Jacqueline M. Nolting, Devra Huey, Scott Kenney, Qiuhong Wang, Linda J. Saif, Anastasia Vlasova, Patricia Dennis, Dusty Lombardi, Stormy Gibson, Alexis McLaine, Sarah Lauterbach, Page Yaxley, Jenessa A. Winston, Dubraska Diaz-Campos, Risa Pesapane, Mark Flint, Jaylene Flint, Randy Junge, Seth A. Faith, Andrew S. Bowman and Vanessa L. Haleadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Animals 2023, 13(16), 2554; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13162554 - 08 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1374
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in humans in late 2019 and spread rapidly, becoming a global pandemic. A zoonotic spillover event from animal to human was identified as the presumed origin. Subsequently, reports began emerging regarding spillback events resulting in [...] Read more.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in humans in late 2019 and spread rapidly, becoming a global pandemic. A zoonotic spillover event from animal to human was identified as the presumed origin. Subsequently, reports began emerging regarding spillback events resulting in SARS-CoV-2 infections in multiple animal species. These events highlighted critical links between animal and human health while also raising concerns about the development of new reservoir hosts and potential viral mutations that could alter the virulence and transmission or evade immune responses. Characterizing susceptibility, prevalence, and transmission between animal species became a priority to help protect animal and human health. In this study, we coalesced a large team of investigators and community partners to surveil for SARS-CoV-2 in domestic and free-ranging animals around Ohio between May 2020 and August 2021. We focused on species with known or predicted susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, highly congregated or medically compromised animals (e.g., shelters, barns, veterinary hospitals), and animals that had frequent contact with humans (e.g., pets, agricultural animals, zoo animals, or animals in wildlife hospitals). This included free-ranging deer (n = 76 individuals), free-ranging mink (n = 57), multiple species of bats (n = 59), and other wildlife in addition to domestic cats (n = 275) and pigs (n = 184). In total, we tested 792 individual animals (34 species) via rRT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was not detected in any of the tested animals despite a major peak in human SARS-CoV-2 cases that occurred in Ohio subsequent to the peak of animal samplings. Importantly, we did not test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in this study, which limited our ability to assess exposure. While the results of this study were negative, the surveillance effort was critical and remains key to understanding, predicting, and preventing the re-emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in humans or animals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Wildlife)
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