Revolutionizing Animal Care: Enriching the Lives of Companion Animals and Equids Through Advanced Rehabilitation Techniques

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 4180

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Hospital Clínico Veterinario de Córdoba, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
Interests: regenerative therapy; rehabilitation; equine sports medicine; orthopaedic surgery
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Guest Editor
Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Spain
Interests: equine surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The increasing interest and advances in rehabilitation techniques, such as physical therapy, stretching, magnetotherapy, radiofrequency, and hydrotherapy, for companion animals and equids mark a transformative moment in veterinary care. Our research and observations have illuminated the comprehensive benefits of these methods, which not only address physical constraints but also contribute to holistic health.

Physical therapy plays a crucial role in enhancing strength, flexibility, and mobility, empowering animals to recover functionality and overcome injuries. Stretching exercises are instrumental in augmenting range of motion and preventing muscle atrophy, thereby expediting recovery to optimal performance. Electric rehabilitation therapies are thought to increase blood flow, reduce pain, and encourage the body's natural healing processes, while hydrotherapy is characterized by buoyancy and resistance, offering a safe and efficient tool for rehabilitation, allowing animals to engage in exercise without exerting pressure on injured limbs. In most instances, the best outcome could be achieved by a combination of multiple rehabilitation strategies.

In conclusion, the integration of physical therapy, stretching, and hydrotherapy in veterinary rehabilitation programs underscores a compassionate and forward-thinking approach to animal care. Additionally, the combination of different rehabilitation strategies might offer a synergic beneficial effect in their sporting career in the future. The prospect of improved recovery and elevated wellbeing is significant, emphasizing the necessity to adopt these advanced modalities in veterinary practice.

Dr. David Argüelles
Dr. Ana Velloso Alvarez
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • rehabilitation
  • water treadmill
  • electrophysical therapies, stretching
  • equine
  • small animals

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2208 KiB  
Article
Short-Term Impact of Dry Needling Treatment for Myofascial Pain on Equine Biomechanics Through Artificial Intelligence-Based Gait Analysis
by María Resano-Zuazu, Jorge U. Carmona and David Argüelles
Animals 2025, 15(11), 1517; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15111517 - 22 May 2025
Viewed by 360
Abstract
Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a common source of musculoskeletal pain, characterized by trigger points (TrPs). In horses, MPS is frequently underdiagnosed, and evidence on DN effectiveness is limited. This study investigated whether DN can improve the biomechanics in horses using an artificial [...] Read more.
Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a common source of musculoskeletal pain, characterized by trigger points (TrPs). In horses, MPS is frequently underdiagnosed, and evidence on DN effectiveness is limited. This study investigated whether DN can improve the biomechanics in horses using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based markerless smartphone application (app). Fourteen horses participated, including nine used in assisted therapy, four leisure horses, and one with mixed use. The presence of TrPs was evaluated in six muscles through manual palpation: brachiocephalicus, trapezius, gluteus medius, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and quadriceps femoris. The horses were divided into a treatment group (TG) (n = 7) and control group (CG) (n = 7). Biomechanical data were recorded in a straight line at a trot before the treatment (T0), immediately after the treatment (T1), and 72 h post-treatment (T72). The stride frequency (SF) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) at 72 h compared with both before and immediately after the treatment. The SF of the TG at 72 h was significantly lower than the SF of the CG at T1 (p < 0.05). Non-significant differences were observed for both the asymmetry push-off and impact phase variables, except for the forelimb head range of motion (FHROM) severity, which was significantly (p < 0.05) greater in the CG than in the TG. This study suggests that DN may enhance the gait quality in horses with MPS. Full article
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8 pages, 568 KiB  
Communication
Thermal Effects of High-Intensity Laser Therapy on the Temporomandibular Joint Area in Clinically Healthy Racehorses—A Pilot Study
by Maria Soroko-Dubrovina, Paulina Zielińska, Krzysztof D. Dudek, Karolina Śniegucka and Karolina Nawrot
Animals 2025, 15(10), 1426; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15101426 - 15 May 2025
Viewed by 389
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the thermal effects of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area of clinically healthy Thoroughbred racehorses. The study was conducted on 21 clinically healthy Thoroughbreds in regular training. The horses were [...] Read more.
The aim of the present study was to assess the thermal effects of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area of clinically healthy Thoroughbred racehorses. The study was conducted on 21 clinically healthy Thoroughbreds in regular training. The horses were subjected to thermographic examinations before and immediately after a HILT session to measure changes in the body surface temperature in the TMJ area. The left TMJ was subjected to therapy, while the contralateral joint served as a control. Statistically significant differences in the body surface temperature in the TMJ area—before and after HILT—were found (p < 0.001). The body surface temperature of the area examined was higher by an average of 2.0 °C after HILT, compared to the temperature measured before HILT. The results prove the thermal effect of HILT in the TMJ area, which can be helpful in determining the appropriate and safe HILT parameters for the treatment of TMJ injuries and inflammation. Full article
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11 pages, 332 KiB  
Article
Effect of Massage on Stress Indicators in Recreational Horses—A Pilot Study
by Ewa Jastrzębska, Aleksandra Górecka-Bruzda, Magdalena Ogłuszka, Maryla Sylwia Lipka and Aleksandra Pawłowska
Animals 2025, 15(6), 789; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15060789 - 11 Mar 2025
Viewed by 2942
Abstract
This pilot study investigated the effects of massage therapy on stress indicators in recreational horses, focusing on salivary cortisol levels, heart rate and conflict behaviors. Five recreational horses were analyzed under two experimental conditions: without and with massage treatments before riding sessions. Saliva [...] Read more.
This pilot study investigated the effects of massage therapy on stress indicators in recreational horses, focusing on salivary cortisol levels, heart rate and conflict behaviors. Five recreational horses were analyzed under two experimental conditions: without and with massage treatments before riding sessions. Saliva samples were collected at four specific intervals in each condition to measure cortisol concentrations using an ELISA test. Observations of behavioral indicators and heart-rate monitoring complemented the physiological data. The results revealed that massage significantly reduced cortisol levels in saliva, with decreases averaging 526.6 pg/mL and 321.8 pg/mL during key sampling intervals. Behavioral analysis showed a notable reduction in conflict behaviors such as tail swishing, which decreased from 121 occurrences to 85 after massage. Relaxation behaviors, including relaxed lower lip and half-closed eyes, were frequently observed during massage sessions, further confirming its calming effects. These findings demonstrate that massage effectively alleviated stress in horses, providing practical benefits for their well-being and usage in recreational activities. The study underscores the potential of incorporating massage therapy into routine equine care to promote relaxation and enhance animal welfare. Full article
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