Sustainable Management of Legume Crops

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 July 2025) | Viewed by 1980

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 11 Dojazd St., 60-632 Poznań, Poland
Interests: sustainable agriculture; legumes; cultivation systems; soil management; seed value assessment; crop quality; biological factors; microorganisms
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E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 11 Dojazd St., 60-632 Poznań, Poland
Interests: crop production; sustainable agriculture; soil tillage systems; biodiversity; forecrop residue management; soil management; soil and nutrient management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The growing demand for plant protein is prompting many countries to invest in projects that support legume production. Despite the significant advantages of these species, including their important role in crop rotations and symbiotic nitrogen fixation, there is still a problem with the economic aspect of legume production, especially in areas where cereals and oilseeds grow well. As a result, new solutions that increase the attractiveness of these species to improve agrotechnical processes are being sought, with the purpose of making them more efficient, economical, and sustainable. Reducing the cost of legume production may be a promising alternative. Conventional tillage can be gradually replaced by new methods that reduce the time spent on tillage. Reducing the time spent in the field is necessary because of the short growing season prior to planting and also because of the need to reduce costs, especially on large farms. The introduction of soil simplification is primarily an opportunity to reduce production costs, which, in the case of legumes, allows us to determine their profitability and acreage cultivated. Due to ongoing climate change, reduced tillage, including the elimination of plowing, is considered particularly valuable for soil and environmental protection. Significant changes in fuel and herbicide costs, especially in recent years, are contributing to the growing popularity of zero-tillage technology as it becomes more commercially attractive. Moreover, reduced tillage can contribute to lower CO2 emissions. Therefore, it is essential to know the impact of reduced tillage on the chemical composition and biological life of the soil, soil microbial activity, the modification of seed yield, seed sowing value, and the seed chemical composition of such a globally popular crop like legumes.

The aim of this Special Issue is to collect reviews and research papers emphasizing the value of legume plants and their products in order to improve tillage systems.

Prof. Dr. Katarzyna Panasiewicz
Dr. Agnieszka Faligowska
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • sustainable agriculture
  • legume crops
  • tillage systems
  • productivity
  • microorganisms
  • chemical compositions
  • sowing value
  • crop production
  • residue management
  • mulching
  • economic evaluation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 748 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Sowing Date and Seeding Density on the Yield of Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill
by Elżbieta Radzka, Katarzyna Rymuza and Paweł Cała
Agriculture 2025, 15(14), 1556; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15141556 - 21 Jul 2025
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Abstract
The current study aimed to determine the optimum agronomic conditions—specifically sowing date and seeding density—for soybean cultivation in a temperate climate. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate three sowing dates based on soil temperature (S1—9 °C, S2—12 °C, S3—15 °C) and three [...] Read more.
The current study aimed to determine the optimum agronomic conditions—specifically sowing date and seeding density—for soybean cultivation in a temperate climate. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate three sowing dates based on soil temperature (S1—9 °C, S2—12 °C, S3—15 °C) and three seeding densities (D1—50, D2—70, D3—90 seeds·m−2). A field experiment was conducted in the years 2017–2019 in eastern Poland (Central Europe). Yields were strongly influenced by weather conditions. In 2019, the average yield was 2.61 Mg·ha−1, making it the most favorable year, whereas 2018 was the least favorable, with an average yield of 1.41 Mg·ha−1. Seeding density also affected soybean yields—the highest yield was obtained at the medium density (D2—2.36 Mg∙ha−1). On the other hand, the highest thousand seed weight (159.30 g·m−2) was achieved at the lowest density (D1). Plant height and pod length depended on the sowing date. The tallest plants (69.96 cm) and the longest pods (4.55 cm) were obtained with early sowing (S1). The number of seeds per pod ranged from 1.8 to 2.7, with the highest values recorded in 2017, mainly with early sowing (S1) and low density (D1). It is recommended that sowing strategies be flexibly adjusted to the meteorological conditions of a given season. The findings indicate that appropriate selection of sowing parameters can significantly enhance the efficiency and stability of soybean yields under the variable climatic conditions of Poland. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Management of Legume Crops)
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14 pages, 3467 KiB  
Article
Optimizing Soybean Productivity: A Comparative Analysis of Tillage and Sowing Methods and Their Effects on Yield and Quality
by Agnieszka Faligowska, Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Grażyna Szymańska and Karolina Ratajczak
Agriculture 2025, 15(6), 626; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15060626 - 15 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1101
Abstract
This study underscores the critical role of tillage methods in optimizing soybean yield and quality. Plowed tillage + strip-drill sowing (PSD) offers a balance between crop productivity and quality by maintaining soil structure while enhancing nutrient availability. Reduced tillage methods such as zero [...] Read more.
This study underscores the critical role of tillage methods in optimizing soybean yield and quality. Plowed tillage + strip-drill sowing (PSD) offers a balance between crop productivity and quality by maintaining soil structure while enhancing nutrient availability. Reduced tillage methods such as zero tillage + strip-drill (ZSD) and no-plowed tillage + strip-drill (NSD) can improve leaf greenness by about 10–15% and pod numbers by 6.7% and 3.5%, respectively. However, such methods may reduce seed quality and germination capacity, impacting the overall yield. In contrast, plowed tillage + conventional row sowing (PCR) promotes balanced nutrient composition and carbohydrate production under optimal soil conditions. Tillage practices significantly influence nutrient components such as ash content, which ranges from 55.8 g kg−1,(PCR) to 57.4 g kg−1 (ZSD). ZSD was found to enhance protein levels by 3% at the expense of carbohydrates, likely due to improved nutrient retention. The present analysis highlights ZSD as an effective method for stabilizing protein yield (mean value 843.8 kg ha−1) and fat yield (mean value 449.3 kg ha−1) across variable environments, supporting the use of ZSD in conservation agriculture. Future studies should explore how tillage practices affect soil health, economic sustainability, and yield stability over time, especially under changing climatic conditions. Optimizing plant density, enhancing seed traits, and improving germination can collectively drive significant improvements in soybean productivity across diverse agro-ecological zones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Management of Legume Crops)
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