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Agriculture
Special Issues
Crop Response and Tolerance to Salinity and Water Stress
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Crop Response and Tolerance to Salinity and Water Stress

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2024) | Viewed by 2297

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Geovani Soares de Lima

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande-UFCG, Campus Pombal, Pombal, PB, Brazil
Interests: soil/water salinity; tolerance mechanisms; biosaline agriculture; tolerance of fruit crops; stress mitigation strategies; oxidative stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lauriane Almeida Dos Anjos Soares

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande-UFCG, Campus Pombal, Pombal, PB, Brazil
Interests: tolerance mechanisms; salt stress; oxidative stress; irrigation; ionic interactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Hans Raj Gheyi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande-UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
Interests: soil/water salinity; wastewater reuse; reclamation; biosaline agriculture; tolerance of fruit crops
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, due to climate change associated with population growth, one of the greatest challenges for modern agriculture is the possibility of producing under conditions of saline and water stress. Thus, the sustainable production of crops that are subjected to saline and water stress requires appropriate practical strategies, such as the identification of cultivars that are tolerant to such conditions.

This Special Issue, “Crop Response and Tolerance to Salinity and Water Stress”, will include studies on the effects of salts on plants; their tolerance mechanisms; crop tolerance associated with ionic relationships; physiological and biochemical responses to salt and water stress; osmotic ionic, and biochemical homeostasis; and biomolecular mechanisms related to tolerance to saline and water stress.

In this Special Issue, original research manuscripts, short communications, and reviews are welcome. Manuscripts submitted to Agriculture must not be previously published or under consideration for publication in another journal.

Prof. Dr. Geovani Soares de Lima
Dr. Lauriane Almeida Dos Anjos Soares
Prof. Dr. Hans Raj Gheyi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agriculture is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physiology
  • biochemistry
  • tolerance mechanisms
  • identification of tolerant cultivars
  • enzymatic and biochemical activity
  • oxidative homeostasis

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 11559 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Salt Tolerance in Four Self-Rooted Almond Genotypes for Super-High-Density Orchards Under Varying Salinity Levels
by Xavier Rius-García, María Videgain-Marco, José Casanova-Gascón, Luis Acuña-Rello, Raquel Zufiaurre-Galarza and Pablo Martín-Ramos
Agriculture 2025, 15(3), 254; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15030254 - 24 Jan 2025
Viewed by 893
Abstract
Increasing soil salinity threatens almond production globally, driving the need for the development of salt-tolerant cultivars. This study investigated the salt tolerance mechanisms of four self-rooted almond genotypes (Vialfas, Guara, Penta, and Avijor) under controlled conditions. Young plants were exposed to four salinity [...] Read more.
Increasing soil salinity threatens almond production globally, driving the need for the development of salt-tolerant cultivars. This study investigated the salt tolerance mechanisms of four self-rooted almond genotypes (Vialfas, Guara, Penta, and Avijor) under controlled conditions. Young plants were exposed to four salinity levels (0, 25, 50, and 75 mM NaCl) for 5 months. Growth parameters (trunk diameter, shoot length, fresh and dry weights), physiological responses (chlorophyll fluorescence, gas exchange, Soil–Plant Analysis Development (SPAD)), and mineral content were analyzed. Results show significant genotype-specific responses at the critical salinity threshold of 50 mM NaCl. Under these conditions, Guara and Vialfas maintained higher stem fresh weights (31.4 g and 37 g, respectively), while Avijor showed significant declines. Trunk diameter measurements revealed Vialfas’ superior performance (7 mm) compared to Guara and Penta (both around 6 mm), while Avijor exhibited the most significant reduction (5 mm). Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters indicated stress impact, with Fv/Fm values decreasing to 0.84 compared to control values of 0.87. Guara maintained higher K+/Na+ ratios in leaves (3.05) compared to Avijor (1.95), while Penta showed better Na+ exclusion ability with the lowest leaf Na+ content (0.57%). Cl− accumulation patterns also differed among genotypes, with Avijor and Vialfas showing higher leaf Cl− concentrations (0.74% and 0.73%, respectively) compared to Penta (0.44%). Genotype responses across all salinity levels revealed distinct tolerance patterns: Guara maintained growth and physiological functions across treatments, while Penta showed remarkable stability under high salinity. Vialfas exhibited vigor at low salinity but declined sharply at 75 mM NaCl. Avijor demonstrated the highest salt sensitivity. These findings highlight the genetic variability in salt tolerance among almond cultivars and identify potential sources of salt-tolerant traits for breeding programs. The study also provides insights for optimizing genotype selection and management strategies in salt-affected orchards, contributing to more sustainable almond production in challenging environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crop Response and Tolerance to Salinity and Water Stress)
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14 pages, 2794 KiB  
Article
Changes in Photosynthetic Efficiency, Biomass, and Sugar Content of Sweet Sorghum Under Different Water and Salt Conditions in Arid Region of Northwest China
by Weihao Sun, Zhibin He, Bing Liu, Dengke Ma, Rui Si, Rui Li, Shuai Wang and Arash Malekian
Agriculture 2024, 14(12), 2321; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14122321 - 17 Dec 2024
Viewed by 941
Abstract
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) has significant cultivation potential in arid and saline–alkaline regions due to its drought and salt tolerance. This study aims to evaluate the mechanisms by which increased soil salinity and reduced irrigation affect the growth, aboveground biomass, [...] Read more.
Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) has significant cultivation potential in arid and saline–alkaline regions due to its drought and salt tolerance. This study aims to evaluate the mechanisms by which increased soil salinity and reduced irrigation affect the growth, aboveground biomass, and stem sugar content of sweet sorghum. A two-year field experiment was conducted, with four salinity levels (CK: 4.17 dS/m, S1: 5.83 dS/m, S2: 7.50 dS/m, and S3: 9.17 dS/m) and three irrigation levels (W1: 90 mm, W2: 70 mm, and W3: 50 mm). The results showed that increased salinity and reduced irrigation significantly reduced both the emergence rate and aboveground biomass, with the decreases in the emergence rate ranging from 11.0% to 36.2% and the reductions in the aboveground biomass ranging from 15.9% to 43.8%. Additionally, increased soil salinity led to reductions in stem sugar content of 6.3% (S1), 8.8% (S2), and 12.8% (S3), respectively. The results also indicated that photosynthetic efficiency, including the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and chlorophyll content (SPAD), was significantly hindered under increased water and salt stress, with the Pn decreasing by up to 50.4% and the SPAD values decreasing by up to 36.3% under the highest stress conditions. These findings underscore the adverse impacts of increased soil salinity and reduced irrigation on sweet sorghum’s growth, photosynthetic performance, and sugar accumulation, offering critical insights for optimizing its cultivation in arid and saline environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crop Response and Tolerance to Salinity and Water Stress)
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