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Electricity, Volume 2, Issue 1

March 2021 - 6 articles

Cover Story: Due to capacity fade, the cells in second life EV batteries have a much wider capacity spread than those in EVs. A Passive Equalizer (PEQ), such as those used in EVs, only provides a battery capacity equal to that of the worst cell, but a Bilevel Equalizer (BEQ) provides a capacity close to the cell average. As a result, experimental results show that the BEQ can increase the lifetime of a second life battery by about 50% above that for a PEQ. The BEQ is an active/passive hybrid where the series connected cells are divided into sections of about 4 to 12 cells each. Each section has a separate PEQ to balance its cell voltages, which corrects for self-discharge, and a simple Active Equalizer (AEQ) is used to balance the section voltages. Ultimately, dividing the battery into sections dramatically reduces the number of AEQ drivers to minimize cost. View this paper
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Articles (6)

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,233 Views
19 Pages

This article outlines methods to facilitate the assessment of the impact of electric vehicle charging on distribution networks at planning stage and applies them to a case study. As network planning is becoming a more complex task, an approach to aut...

  • Article
  • Open Access
43 Citations
8,331 Views
14 Pages

Power quality studies for distribution networks are very important for future network expansions realized by utility companies, so the accuracy of such studies is critical. Load data, including information on load imbalance, could have in many situat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,160 Views
14 Pages

Bilevel vs. Passive Equalizers for Second Life EV Batteries

  • Ngalula Sandrine Mubenga,
  • Boluwatito Salami and
  • Thomas Stuart

7 February 2021

Once lithium-ion batteries degrade to below about 80% of their original capacity, they are no longer considered satisfactory for electric vehicles (EVs), but they are still adequate for second-life energy storage applications. However, once this leve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,911 Views
15 Pages

Assessing the Impact on Grid Infrastructure of Electrification Pathways for the Italian Residential Sector

  • Andrea Trabucchi,
  • Lidia Premoli Vilà,
  • Marco Borgarello and
  • Giorgio Besagni

3 February 2021

To achieve the decarbonization objectives described in the Paris Agreement, thermal appliances’ electrification is considered an essential factor. Unfortunately, the substitution of thermal appliances with electric alternatives will inevitably increa...

  • Review
  • Open Access
106 Citations
11,586 Views
35 Pages

The need to turn to more environmentally friendly sources of energy has led energy systems to focus on renewable sources of energy. Wind power has been a widely used source of green energy. However, the wind’s stochastic and unpredictable behav...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,444 Views
12 Pages

Low-power instrument transformers (LPITs) are spreading among the distribution network thanks to their features (e.g., compactness, lightness, enhanced bandwidth, etc.). It is then a fundamental to guide users and manufacturers to a correct usage and...

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Electricity - ISSN 2673-4826