Automation, Volume 6, Issue 4

This study presents the design and implementation of a real-time flight-path tracking control system for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) capable of accurately following a mobile ground target under dynamic and uncertain environmental condit...

The rise in thermal runaway events within electric vehicle (EV) battery systems requires anticipatory models to predict critical safety failures during operation. This investigation develops a multi-physics digital twin framework that links electroch...

The rapid proliferation of Industry 4.0 technologies has created an urgent need for intelligent and reliable predictive maintenance (PdM) systems. While multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) frameworks like the Best–Worst Method (BWM) offer str...

Load Frequency Control (LFC) is essential for ensuring frequency stability in modern power systems subject to load fluctuations, uncertainties, and increasing renewable penetration. This paper introduces a novel hybrid control framework that unifies...

This study presents a simulation-based framework for PID controller design in strongly nonlinear dynamical systems. The proposed approach avoids system linearization by directly minimizing a performance index using metaheuristic optimization. Three s...

Head posture assessment commonly involves measuring cranial angles, with photogrammetry favored for its simplicity over CT scans or goniometers. However, most photo-based measurements remain manual, making them time-consuming and inefficient. Existin...

A single drone collects data, but a fleet builds a complete picture, and this is the primary objective of this study. To address this goal, a swarm-based drone system has been designed in which multiple drones follow one another to collect data from...

Infrared small target detection has become a research hotspot in recent years. Due to the small target size and low contrast with the background, it remains a highly challenging task. Existing infrared small target detection algorithms are generally...

Current functional safety mechanisms mainly control the access points and perimeters of manufacturing cells without guaranteeing the integrity of their internal components or the absence of unauthorized humans or objects. In this work, we present a n...

Accurately evaluating the intelligence of autonomous path planning remains challenging, primarily due to the interdependencies among evaluation metrics and the insufficient integration of subjective and objective weighting methods. This paper propose...

In modern industrial automation, optimizing the performance of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)-based PID controllers is critical for ensuring precise process control. This study presents a novel methodology for the dynamic tuning of built-in Prop...

Examinations are typically used by educational institutions to assess students’ strengths and weaknesses. Unfortunately, exam malpractices like cheating and other forms of academic integrity violations continue to present a serious challenge to...

Air-to-ground visual target persistent tracking technology for swarm drones, as a crucial interdisciplinary research area integrating computer vision, autonomous systems, and swarm collaboration, has gained increasing prominence in anti-terrorism ope...

Humanoid bipedal walking remains challenging due to unstable, high-dimensional dynamics and the labor-intensive, platform-specific tuning typically required to obtain workable gaits. We present a hybrid framework that couples a compact screw-theory k...

This paper describes a real-time system for recognizing voice commands for resource-constrained embedded devices, specifically a PIC microcontroller. While most existing speech ordering support solutions rely on high-performance processing platforms...

With the advent of the Industry 4.0 era, the manufacturing industry is implementing a range of novel technologies on the factory floor, leading to the generation of substantial quantities of production data. However, the development of analytics tool...

While YOLO’s efficiency and accuracy have made it a popular choice for object detection and tracking in real-world applications, models trained on smaller datasets often suffer from intermittent detection failures, where objects remain undetect...

Traditional water–fertilizer control systems often suffer from poor precision and slow response, limiting precision agriculture development. This study developed an electrical conductivity (EC) control system for water–fertilizer integrat...

Dip coating is a widely used laboratory method for depositing thin films and functional coatings. However, commercial dip-coaters remain costly and often exceed the needs of teaching labs and early-stage research. This paper presents a simple, low-co...

The purpose of this paper is to implement a path-following control system based on the kinematics of the Lizard-Inspired Single-Actuated robot (LISA). LISA is a new type of robot that mimics the quadrupedal walking morphology of lizards with a four-b...

Industrial robots offer flexibility and cost advantages in machining applications but suffer from limited structural stiffness and dynamic instability, leading to significant positional errors. This study presents a simulation-driven framework for au...

This paper explores cost-effective solutions for automated guided vehicle (AGV) through the design and implementation of a low-cost, hoverboard-based line-following AGV tailored for textile manufacturing environments, specifically within sewing plant...

Damaged road markings are widespread, and timely detection and repair of severely damaged areas is critical to the maintenance of transport infrastructure. This study proposes a method for detecting the degree of marking damage based on the top view...

The application of wearable sensors coupled with diagnostic models presents one of the most recent advancements in automation applied to the medical field, allowing for faster and more reliable diagnosis of patients. Nonetheless, such applications po...

The maritime industry is under increasing pressure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, especially in countries such as Saudi Arabia that are actively working to transition to cleaner energy. In this paper, a new hybrid shipboard power system, which i...

Osmotic dehydration (OD) is an effective pre-treatment for fruit preservation, but conventional processes often lack precision due to manual control of critical variables. This work reports the design and validation of an automated OD system integrat...

Advancements in robotics and computer vision are transforming how infrastructure is monitored and maintained. This paper presents a novel, fully automated pipeline for pavement condition assessment that integrates real-time image analysis with PCI (P...

This work presents a nonlinear aerodynamic model that describes the dynamics of a coaxial-rotor MAV. We have designed seven control laws based on linear and nonlinear controllers for path-following with a coaxial-rotor MAV in the presence of unknown...

A networked system consists of a collection of interconnected autonomous agents that communicate and interact through a shared communication infrastructure. These agents collaborate to pursue common objectives or exhibit coordinated behaviors that wo...

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) and photovoltaic (PV) generation creates substantial power peaks that strain local electrical infrastructure. Coordinated bidirectional charging can mitigate these challenges while delivering benefits such...

In today’s fast-paced world, secure and efficient access control is crucial for places like schools, gated communities, and corporate campuses. The system must overcome the issues of manual checking and record maintenance of traditional methods...

This paper proposes an improved seamless fabric production line and its mathematical models before and after optimization to enhance production efficiency and material utilization in textile manufacturing. By adjusting the production process of the s...

This paper presents a systematic approach for rapid assessment of the performance and robustness of linear control systems through geometric analysis in the complex plane. By combining indirect performance indices within a defined zone of desired per...

This study compares the mapping accuracy of a non-RTK ultra-lightweight drone (DJI Mini2) with two survey-grade RTK-enabled drones (DJI Mavic3E and Phantom4) in three different sites. Flight parameters and weather conditions were the same on each sit...

Bone drilling is a widely encountered process in orthopedic surgeries and keyhole neuro surgeries. We are developing a sensor-integrated smart end-effector for drilling for robotic surgical applications. In manual surgeries, surgeons assess tool wear...

The utilization of robots has become an integral aspect of industrial operations. In this particular context, the study of the interaction of humans and robots aims to integrate their relevant capabilities with the intention of attaining maximum effi...

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) for UAV Coverage Path Planning (CPP) is hindered by the “subgoal space explosion”, causing inefficient exploration. To address this, we propose a two-stage framework, Hierarchical Reinforcement Le...

This paper presents a hybrid reinforcement learning framework for trajectory tracking control of a 5-degree-of-freedom (DOF) Mitsubishi RV-2AJ robotic arm by integrating model-free deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms with classical control s...

Facing the diversity of the market, the industry has to move towards Industry 4.0, and smart manufacturing based on cyber-physical systems is the only way to move towards Industry 4.0. However, there are two key concepts in Industry 4.0: cyber-physic...

The increasing capabilities of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones are opening up diverse business opportunities. Innovations in drones, U-space, and UTM systems are driving the rapid development of new air mobility applications, often outpacin...

Typical fertilizer applicators are often restricted in performance due to non-uniformity in distribution, required labor and time intensiveness, high discharge rate, chemical input wastage, and fostering weed proliferation. To address this gap in pro...

The A* algorithm is a cornerstone in mobile robot navigation. However, the traditional A* suffers from key limitations such as poor path smoothness, lack of adaptability to dynamic environments, and high computational costs in large-scale maps. This...

This study presents the design and evaluation of AquaSignalNet, a deep learning-based system for recognizing underwater visual commands to enable the autonomous navigation of a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV). The system is built on a ResNet50 V2 arc...

This paper introduces a new quadruped spider robot platform specializing in environmental reconnaissance and mapping. The robot measures 180 mm × 180 mm × 95 mm and weighs 385 g, including the battery, providing a compact yet capable plat...

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), including their classifications, applications, and vector control strategies. It explores various control techniques, including maximum torque per ampere (MT...