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Article

Multi-Band Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Antenna for Integrated 5G and GNSS Connectivity

by
Suguna Gunasekaran
,
Manikandan Chinnusami
*,
Rajesh Anbazhagan
*,
Karunyaa Sureshkumar
and
Shreela Sridhar
School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Telecom 2025, 6(2), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom6020038
Submission received: 17 April 2025 / Revised: 23 May 2025 / Accepted: 30 May 2025 / Published: 3 June 2025
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Abstract

This paper proposes a dual-band antenna to support 5G communication with linear polarization and the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) band with circular polarization. A single inverted T-shaped patch antenna with a defective ground was designed on the Schott Foturan II (Ceramized 560 degrees) substrate. Then, an L-shaped stub and slot were inserted into the ground to achieve the 5G and GNSS bands. The antenna was then designed as a 1 × 2 multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna to increase the directivity. A square ring-shaped frequency selective surface (FSS) was intended on the FR-4 substrate to improve the gain of the MIMO antenna. The FSS MIMO antenna increased the 3D gain from 2.8 to 5.4 dBi for the GNSS band and from 4.9 to 6.43 dBi for the 5G n79 band. The proposed antenna can receive and transmit the frequency bands covering sub-6 GHz 5G band n79 (4400–5000 MHz) and GNSS band E6 (1260–1300 MHz), respectively. A multi-port unmanned aerial vehicle antenna was fabricated, and its performance was characterized in terms of bandwidth, axial ratio, and gain.
Keywords: multi-band; 5G; GNSS; industry; innovation and infrastructure; FSS; MIMO multi-band; 5G; GNSS; industry; innovation and infrastructure; FSS; MIMO

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gunasekaran, S.; Chinnusami, M.; Anbazhagan, R.; Sureshkumar, K.; Sridhar, S. Multi-Band Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Antenna for Integrated 5G and GNSS Connectivity. Telecom 2025, 6, 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom6020038

AMA Style

Gunasekaran S, Chinnusami M, Anbazhagan R, Sureshkumar K, Sridhar S. Multi-Band Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Antenna for Integrated 5G and GNSS Connectivity. Telecom. 2025; 6(2):38. https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom6020038

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gunasekaran, Suguna, Manikandan Chinnusami, Rajesh Anbazhagan, Karunyaa Sureshkumar, and Shreela Sridhar. 2025. "Multi-Band Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Antenna for Integrated 5G and GNSS Connectivity" Telecom 6, no. 2: 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom6020038

APA Style

Gunasekaran, S., Chinnusami, M., Anbazhagan, R., Sureshkumar, K., & Sridhar, S. (2025). Multi-Band Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Antenna for Integrated 5G and GNSS Connectivity. Telecom, 6(2), 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom6020038

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