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Electronic Materials, Volume 3, Issue 2

June 2022 - 4 articles

Cover Story: A commercial module is analyzed in detail by acquiring thermography images and IV curves. The conclusions derived from these measurements are compared with each other and verified via direct measurement of the IV characteristic and the resistance of individual cells. In parallel, theoretical cell and module behaviors are presented. The rounded IV output of the module under analysis is explained by cell mismatch, with simulations justifying this statement. During the present study, a thermal breakdown before avalanche breakdown was observed in one of the cells, evidencing a hot spot. We believe that a better understanding of the relationship between these two phenomena is essential to prevent hot spots in the future, as they are the main defect related to the degradation of modern modules. View this paper

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Article

9 Citations

4,815 Views

17 Pages

Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization of Lithium-Ion Battery Cells for Electric Vehicle Operational Scenarios

Ashwin Gaonkar,
Homero Valladares,
Andres Tovar,
Likun Zhu and
Hazim El-Mounayri

Electron. Mater.2022, 3(2), 201-217;https://doi.org/10.3390/electronicmat3020017

31 May 2022

The development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) based on current practice allows an energy density increase estimated at 10% per year. However, the required power for portable electronic devices is predicted to increase at a much faster rate, namely...

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Article

2 Citations

3,207 Views

16 Pages

Hydrodynamic and Energy Transport Model-Based Hot-Carrier Effect in GaAs pin Solar Cell

Tomah Sogabe,
Kodai Shiba and
Katsuyoshi Sakamoto

Electron. Mater.2022, 3(2), 185-200;https://doi.org/10.3390/electronicmat3020016

11 May 2022

The hot-carrier effect and hot-carrier dynamics in GaAs solar cell device performance were investigated. Hot-carrier solar cells based on the conventional operation principle were simulated based on the detailed balance thermodynamic model and the hy...

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Article

8 Citations

6,232 Views

12 Pages

Lead-Free BiFeO₃ Thin Film: Ferroelectric and Pyroelectric Properties

Mihaela Botea,
Cristina Chirila,
Georgia Andra Boni,
Iuliana Pasuk,
Lucian Trupina,
Ioana Pintilie,
Luminiţa Mirela Hrib,
Becherescu Nicu and
Lucian Pintilie

Electron. Mater.2022, 3(2), 173-184;https://doi.org/10.3390/electronicmat3020015

1 April 2022

The ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties of bismuth ferrite (BFO) epitaxial thin film have been investigated. The ferroelectric epitaxial thin layer has been deposited on strontium titanate (STO) (001) substrate by pulsed laser deposition, in a...

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Article

5 Citations

3,660 Views

19 Pages

Detection, Characterization and Modeling of Localized Defects and Thermal Breakdown in Photovoltaic Panels from Thermal Images and IV Curves

Nekane Azkona,
Alvaro Llaria,
Octavian Curea and
Federico Recart

Electron. Mater.2022, 3(2), 154-172;https://doi.org/10.3390/electronicmat3020014

1 April 2022

In this work, a defective commercial module with a rounded IV characteristic is analyzed in detail to identify the sources of its malfunction. The analysis of the module includes thermography images taken under diverse conditions, the IV response of...

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