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Plasma, Volume 3, Issue 1 (March 2020) – 4 articles

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11 pages, 6563 KiB  
Article
Taylor State Merging at SSX: Experiment and Simulation
by Michael Brown, Kaitlin Gelber and Matiwos Mebratu
Plasma 2020, 3(1), 27-37; https://doi.org/10.3390/plasma3010004 - 17 Mar 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3943
Abstract
We describe experiments and simulations of dynamical merging with two Taylor state plasmas in a Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment (SSX) device. Taylor states are formed by magnetized plasma guns at opposite ends of the device. We performed experiments with Taylor states of both senses [...] Read more.
We describe experiments and simulations of dynamical merging with two Taylor state plasmas in a Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment (SSX) device. Taylor states are formed by magnetized plasma guns at opposite ends of the device. We performed experiments with Taylor states of both senses of magnetic helicity (right-handed twist or left-handed twist). We present results of both counter-helicity merging (one side left-handed, the other right-handed) and co-helicity merging (both sides left-handed). Experiments show significant ion heating, consistent with magnetic reconnection. We suggest that the merged, warm state could be a suitable target for future magneto-inertial fusion experiments. Magnetohydrodynamic simulations of these experiments reveal the structure of the final relaxed, merged state. Full article
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15 pages, 1860 KiB  
Article
Modelling of an Atmospheric–Pressure Air Glow Discharge Operating in High–Gas Temperature Regimes: The Role of the Associative Ionization Reactions Involving Excited Atoms
by Ezequiel Cejas, Beatriz Mancinelli and Leandro Prevosto
Plasma 2020, 3(1), 12-26; https://doi.org/10.3390/plasma3010003 - 18 Feb 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3882
Abstract
A model of a stationary glow-type discharge in atmospheric-pressure air operated in high-gas-temperature regimes (1000 K < Tg < 6000 K), with a focus on the role of associative ionization reactions involving N(2D,2P)-excited atoms, is developed. Thermal dissociation [...] Read more.
A model of a stationary glow-type discharge in atmospheric-pressure air operated in high-gas-temperature regimes (1000 K < Tg < 6000 K), with a focus on the role of associative ionization reactions involving N(2D,2P)-excited atoms, is developed. Thermal dissociation of vibrationally excited nitrogen molecules, as well as electronic excitation from all the vibrational levels of the nitrogen molecules, is also accounted for. The calculations show that the near-threshold associative ionization reaction, N(2D) + O(3P) → NO+ + e, is the major ionization mechanism in air at 2500 K < Tg < 4500 K while the ionization of NO molecules by electron impact is the dominant mechanism at lower gas temperatures and the high-threshold associative ionization reaction involving ground-state atoms dominates at higher temperatures. The exoergic associative ionization reaction, N(2P) + O(3P) → NO+ + e, also speeds up the ionization at the highest temperature values. The vibrational excitation of the gas significantly accelerates the production of N2(A3u+) molecules, which in turn increases the densities of excited N(2D,2P) atoms. Because the electron energy required for the excitation of the N2(A3u+) state from N2(X1g+, v) molecules (e.g., 6.2 eV for v = 0) is considerably lower than the ionization energy (9.27 eV) of the NO molecules, the reduced electric field begins to noticeably fall at Tg > 2500 K. The calculated plasma parameters agree with the available experimental data. Full article
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2 pages, 235 KiB  
Editorial
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Plasma in 2019
by Plasma Editorial Office
Plasma 2020, 3(1), 10-11; https://doi.org/10.3390/plasma3010002 - 15 Feb 2020
Viewed by 1986
Abstract
The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the Plasma journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months [...] Full article
9 pages, 4692 KiB  
Article
Inductive Medium Pressure UV-Source
by Tim Gehring, Fabian Denk, Qihao Jin, Santiago Eizaguirre and Rainer Kling
Plasma 2020, 3(1), 1-9; https://doi.org/10.3390/plasma3010001 - 31 Dec 2019
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3226
Abstract
In this paper, an efficient inductively coupled medium pressure source for ultraviolet radiation (UV-source) is demonstrated. The lamp was operated with powers up to 3 kW while the radiation and the coldest point temperature were measured. In addition, different coil geometries were investigated. [...] Read more.
In this paper, an efficient inductively coupled medium pressure source for ultraviolet radiation (UV-source) is demonstrated. The lamp was operated with powers up to 3 kW while the radiation and the coldest point temperature were measured. In addition, different coil geometries were investigated. Here a symmetrical and asymmetrical winding density were compared. Also the operation pressures and DC to radiation efficiencies are presented. In this work, an operation pressure of one atmosphere and an UV-efficiency (200–380 nm) of 15.5% was achieved. This is comparable to conventional medium pressure Hg-lamp technology. The main advantage of the presented inductive lamp is the electrodeless operation and therefore the longer service life, since an electrode failure is eliminated. Full article
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