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Medicines, Volume 12, Issue 3

2025 September - 8 articles

Cover Story: This retrospective cohort study characterises the management and outcomes of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), comparing it with classical non-SGLT2i DKA and detailing insulin and dextrose use—an area seldom reported. We demonstrate that the higher insulin requirements and longer intensive care unit stays observed in SGLT2i DKA are largely explained by a higher prevalence of intercurrent illness and demographic differences. Nevertheless, SGLT2i DKA resolution times were comparable to non-SGLT2i DKA. These insights highlight SGLT2i DKA as a distinct clinical entity and suggest that intensive management with intravenous 10% dextrose and variable-rate intravenous insulin infusion may shorten the prolonged course described in prior studies, warranting prospective evaluation. View this paper
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Articles (8)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,488 Views
12 Pages
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Non-Induction Basiliximab to Facilitate Renal Recovery via Temporary Tacrolimus Cessation in Cardiothoracic Transplant Patients

  • Tanner A. Melton,
  • Molly W. Fenske,
  • Stacy A. Bernard,
  • Kristin C. Cole,
  • Kelly M. Pennington and
  • Adley I. Lemke
Medicines2025, 12(3), 22;https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines12030022

28 August 2025

Introduction: Reversible and irreversible nephrotoxicity are known complications of tacrolimus. Approaches to reduce the incidence of nephrotoxicity include the reduction or avoidance of tacrolimus but must be weighed against risk of rejection. Infre...

Full Article
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,382 Views
12 Pages
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Duration of DKA and Insulin Use in People with and Without SGLT2 Inhibitor Medications

  • Yeung-Ae Park,
  • Anya Kitt Lee,
  • Rahul D. Barmanray,
  • Frank Gao,
  • Spiros Fourlanos and
  • Chris Gilfillan
Medicines2025, 12(3), 21;https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines12030021

19 August 2025

Background/Objectives: Sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are associated with increased rates of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The difference in the management and outcomes of SGLT2i-associated DKA (SGLT2i DKA) from non-SGLT2i-a...

Full Article
  • Brief Report
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,549 Views
9 Pages
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Evaluation of a Febrile Neutropenia Protocol Implemented at Triage in an Emergency Department

  • Stefanie Stramel-Stafford,
  • Heather Townsend,
  • Brian Trimmer,
  • James Cohen and
  • Jessica Thompson
Medicines2025, 12(3), 20;https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines12030020

1 August 2025

Objective: The impact of a febrile neutropenia (FN) emergency department (ED) triage screening tool and protocol on time to antibiotic administration (TTA) and patient outcomes was evaluated. Methods: This was a retrospective, quasi-experimental stud...

Full Article
  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
15,946 Views
22 Pages
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Obesity: Clinical Impact, Pathophysiology, Complications, and Modern Innovations in Therapeutic Strategies

  • Mohammad Iftekhar Ullah and
  • Sadeka Tamanna
Medicines2025, 12(3), 19;https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines12030019

28 July 2025

Obesity is a growing global health concern with widespread impacts on physical, psychological, and social well-being. Clinically, it is a major driver of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD),...

Full Article
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,466 Views
10 Pages
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First-Ever Stroke Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

  • Ivanka Maduna,
  • Dorotea Vidaković,
  • Petra Črnac,
  • Christian Saleh and
  • Hrvoje Budinčević
Medicines2025, 12(3), 18;https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines12030018

24 July 2025

Background/Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most significant modifying risk factor for the development of cardioembolic stroke, which is associated with worse outcomes and higher intrahospital mortality compared to other types of ischemic...

Full Article
  • Review
  • Open Access
3,262 Views
19 Pages
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Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Sepsis in Neonates: The Special Role of Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam

  • Niki Dermitzaki,
  • Foteini Balomenou,
  • Anastasios Serbis,
  • Natalia Atzemoglou,
  • Lida Giaprou,
  • Maria Baltogianni and
  • Vasileios Giapros
Medicines2025, 12(3), 17;https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines12030017

26 June 2025

Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. A particular concern is the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains among neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Two novel beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors ha...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,968 Views
17 Pages
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An Investigation of 5-Halogenated N-Indolylsulfonyl-2-fluorophenol Derivatives as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors

  • Antonios Kousaxidis,
  • Konstantina-Malamati Kalfagianni,
  • Eleni Seretouli and
  • Ioannis Nicolaou
Medicines2025, 12(3), 16;https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines12030016

23 June 2025

Background/Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a group of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. Aldose reductase, the first enzyme in the polyol pathway, plays a key role in the onset of long-term diabetic complications....

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  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
2,917 Views
15 Pages
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Breaking the Stigma: A Systematic Review of Antipsychotic Efficacy in Children and Adolescents with Behavioral Disorders

  • Nuno Sanfins,
  • Pedro Andrade and
  • Jacinto Azevedo
Medicines2025, 12(3), 15;https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines12030015

23 June 2025

Background/Objectives: Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) are important behavior disorders in children and adolescents, often linked with long-term psychosocial problems. Antipsychotics are frequently prescribed to manage s...

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