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Article

Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Effectiveness of Psychosocial Aftercare in Pediatric Chronic Pain Treatment: A Qualitative Approach

by
Meltem Dogan
1,2,*,
Almut Hartenstein-Pinter
1,2,
Susanne Lopez Lumbi
3,
Markus Blankenburg
2,4,
Michael C. Frühwald
5,
Rosemarie Ahnert
5,
Sarah Braun
4,
Ursula Marschall
6,
Boris Zernikow
1,2,3 and
Julia Wager
1,2,3
1
German Paediatric Pain Centre, Children’s and Adolescents’ Hospital, 45711 Datteln, Germany
2
Department of Children’s Pain Therapy and Paediatric Palliative Care, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58452 Witten, Germany
3
PedScience Research Institute, 45711 Datteln, Germany
4
Paediatric Pain Center Baden-Württemberg, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Olgahospital Stuttgart, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
5
University Children’s Hospital Augsburg, Bavarian Children’s Pain Center, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
6
Department of Medicine and Health Services Research, BARMER Health Insurance, 42103 Wuppertal, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Children 2022, 9(3), 407; https://doi.org/10.3390/children9030407
Submission received: 31 January 2022 / Revised: 10 March 2022 / Accepted: 10 March 2022 / Published: 13 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Management of Chronic Pain in Adolescents and Children)
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Abstract

A newly developed specialized psychosocial aftercare program (PAC) for pediatric patients with chronic pain following an intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) was found to be significantly more effective than IIPT alone. This qualitative study aimed to gain further insight into the mechanisms and prerequisites for the effectiveness of this specialized aftercare program. We conducted structured telephone interviews with patients, parents, and health care professionals conducting PAC. A total of 16 interviews were conducted—seven interviews with parents, six interviews with patients, and three interviews with health care professionals—and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Four major themes consisting of 20 subcategories were identified, namely (1) frame conditions, (2) person factors, (3) stabilization and (4) catalyst. The foundations of treatment success are frame conditions, such as flexibility or constancy, and person factors, such as respect or expertise. Based on these foundations, stabilization is achieved through security, mediation, orientation and support. Altogether, these components of PAC reveal their potential as catalysts for further improvement even after discharge from IIPT. Overall, patients and their families emphasized widespread personal relevance and acceptance of the PAC program. The findings of this study may be employed in the development of other aftercare programs or interventions involving families in the context of psychotherapeutic and psychosocial health care.
Keywords: family-based intervention; IIPT; pediatric chronic pain; psychosocial aftercare; qualitative interview study family-based intervention; IIPT; pediatric chronic pain; psychosocial aftercare; qualitative interview study

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MDPI and ACS Style

Dogan, M.; Hartenstein-Pinter, A.; Lopez Lumbi, S.; Blankenburg, M.; Frühwald, M.C.; Ahnert, R.; Braun, S.; Marschall, U.; Zernikow, B.; Wager, J. Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Effectiveness of Psychosocial Aftercare in Pediatric Chronic Pain Treatment: A Qualitative Approach. Children 2022, 9, 407. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9030407

AMA Style

Dogan M, Hartenstein-Pinter A, Lopez Lumbi S, Blankenburg M, Frühwald MC, Ahnert R, Braun S, Marschall U, Zernikow B, Wager J. Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Effectiveness of Psychosocial Aftercare in Pediatric Chronic Pain Treatment: A Qualitative Approach. Children. 2022; 9(3):407. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9030407

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dogan, Meltem, Almut Hartenstein-Pinter, Susanne Lopez Lumbi, Markus Blankenburg, Michael C. Frühwald, Rosemarie Ahnert, Sarah Braun, Ursula Marschall, Boris Zernikow, and Julia Wager. 2022. "Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Effectiveness of Psychosocial Aftercare in Pediatric Chronic Pain Treatment: A Qualitative Approach" Children 9, no. 3: 407. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9030407

APA Style

Dogan, M., Hartenstein-Pinter, A., Lopez Lumbi, S., Blankenburg, M., Frühwald, M. C., Ahnert, R., Braun, S., Marschall, U., Zernikow, B., & Wager, J. (2022). Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Effectiveness of Psychosocial Aftercare in Pediatric Chronic Pain Treatment: A Qualitative Approach. Children, 9(3), 407. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9030407

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