Convergence Analysis for Generalized Yosida Inclusion Problem with Applications

Abstract

A new generalized Yosida inclusion problem, involving $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping, is introduced. The resolvent and associated generalized Yosida approximation operator is construed and a few of its characteristics are discussed. The existence result is quantified in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. A four-step iterative scheme is proposed and its convergence analysis is discussed. Our theoretical assertions are illustrated by a numerical example. In addition, we confirm that the developed method is almost stable for contractions. Further, an equivalent generalized resolvent equation problem is established. Finally, by utilizing the Yosida inclusion problem, we investigate a resolvent equation problem and by employing our proposed method, a Volterra–Fredholm integral equation is examined.

1. Introduction

The investigation of variational inequality theory began in the mid-1960s, by Hartman and Stampacchia [1]. This theory was designed to execute some complicated problems in mathematical programming, partial differential equations, and mechanics. These developments brought about a commonly acceptable format for modeling mathematical problems arising in pure and applied sciences. Due to its indispensable role and application oriented features, this theory is investigated and analyzed rather well in diverse directions; see [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] and references therein.

One of the most innovative and unified generalizations is reported in [10]. Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a real Hilbert space; $P:\mathcal{H}\to \mathcal{H}$ and $B:\mathcal{H}\to 2^{\mathcal{H}}$ are single-valued and set-valued mappings, respectively. The problem of variational inclusion is to investigate $s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{H}$, such that

$$\mathbf{0}\in P\left(s^{\ast }\right)+B\left(s^{\ast }\right),$$

(1)

where $\mathbf{0}$ represents the zero vector in $\mathcal{H}$. If $\mathcal{H}=R^n$, then the relation (1) coincides with the generalized equation presented by Robinson [11]. If $P=0$, then (1) coincides with the variational inclusion due to Rockafellar [12]. It is worth mentioning that variational inclusion provides an appropriate substructure to study optimization and related problems, see [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. The technique of resolvent is an effective tool to explore variational inclusions. Resolvent and Yosida approximation operators play a salient role in many problems that arise in pure and applied analysis, particularly in partial differential equations and convex analysis, see, for example [21,22,23,24,25,26,27].

On the contrary, the central goal is to seek approximate solutions to these problems. One of the best approaches for dealing with variational inclusions and Yosida inclusions, is resolvent operator and its alternative forms, including resolvent equations, because these techniques yield an equivalent fixed point formulation, which plays a vital role in constructing and outlining fixed point iterative procedures for solving Yosida inclusions and problems related to optimization. Mann-like iterative algorithms, and their alternative forms, are fundamental tools among fixed point algorithms for exploring nonlinear problems. To date, numerous iterative methods have been constituted to analyze approximate solutions of nonlinear problems; see for examples [28,29,30,31,32,33].

Motivated by the important facts mentioned above, we study the generalized Yosida inclusion problem and corresponding generalized resolvent equation. We define a resolvent and associated generalized Yosida approximation operator for $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping. Some characteristics of the generalized Yosida approximation operator are discussed. An existence result for a generalized Yosida inclusion problem is also proved. A four-step iterative algorithm is proposed and its convergence analysis is presented. It is also presented that the proposed scheme is almost stable for a contraction mapping. Further, a generalized resolvent equation, corresponding to the generalized Yosida inclusion problem, is presented and an equivalence between these is established. Finally, we define an iterative scheme and discuss the convergence criterion of the developed scheme, to examine the generalized resolvent equation. Our obtained results and convergence are verified by a numerical illustration.

2. Prefatory and Supplementals

Let $\mathcal{B}$ be a real Banach space, with norm $\parallel ·\parallel$, and d be the induced metric. Let $⟨·,·⟩$ be the pairing between $\mathcal{B}$ and topological dual ${\mathcal{B}}^{\ast }$. We signify $CB\left(\mathcal{B}\right)$ (respectively, $2^{\mathcal{B}}$), the family of all nonempty closed and bounded subsets (respectively, all non empty subsets) of $\mathcal{B}$, and $\mathcal{D}(·,·)$ as the Hausdorff metric on $CB\left(\mathcal{B}\right)$, defined by

$$\mathcal{D}\left(\mathcal{P},\mathcal{Q}\right)=\left\{\underset{s_1^{\ast }\in \mathcal{P}}{sup}d(s_1^{\ast },\mathcal{Q}),\underset{s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{Q}}{sup}d(\mathcal{P},s_2^{\ast })\right\},$$

where $d(s_1^{\ast },\mathcal{Q})=\underset{s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{Q}}{inf}d(s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast })$ and $d(\mathcal{P},s_2^{\ast })=\underset{x\in \mathcal{P}}{inf}d(s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast })$. Define the generalized duality mapping ${\mathcal{J}}_q:\mathcal{B}\to 2^{{\mathcal{B}}^{\ast }}$ by

$${\mathcal{J}}_q\left(s^{\ast }\right)=\{f^{\ast }\in {\mathcal{B}}^{\ast }:⟨s^{\ast },f^{\ast }⟩=\parallel s^{\ast }{\parallel }^q,\parallel f^{\ast }\parallel =\parallel s^{\ast }{\parallel }^{q-1}\},q>1,\forall s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}.$$

where ${\mathcal{J}}_2$ is the normalized duality mapping. Note that ${\mathcal{J}}_q\left(s^{\ast }\right)={\parallel s^{\ast }\parallel }^{q-1}{\mathcal{J}}_2\left(s^{\ast }\right),\forall s^{\ast }(\ne 0)\in \mathcal{B}$. For $\mathcal{B}=\mathcal{H}$, a real Hilbert space, then ${\mathcal{J}}_2$ is converted to the identity mapping. A Banach space $\mathcal{B}$, is said to be uniformly convex if, for each $\epsilon \in (0,2],\exists \delta >0$ such that

$${\displaystyle \parallel s_1^{\ast }\parallel = \parallel s_2^{\ast }\parallel =1,\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel \ge \epsilon \Rightarrow \parallel \frac{s_1^{\ast }+s_2^{\ast }}{2}\parallel \le 1-\delta .}$$

A Banach space $\mathcal{B}$ is called smooth if

$${\displaystyle \underset{t\to 0}{lim}\frac{\parallel s_1^{\ast }+t{s}_1^{\ast }\parallel - \parallel s_1^{\ast }\parallel }{t}}$$

exists for each $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \{s_3^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}:\parallel s_3^{\ast }\parallel =1\}$. Let $q>1$ be a real number, a Banach space $\mathcal{B}$ is said to be q-uniformly smooth if $\exists c>0$, such that ${\rho }_{\mathcal{B}}\left(t\right)\le c{t}^q$. Note that a q-uniformly smooth Banach space is uniformly smooth. The modulus of smoothness ${\rho }_{\mathcal{B}}:[0,\infty )\to [0,\infty )$ of $\mathcal{B}$ is defined by

$${\rho }_{\mathcal{B}}\left(t\right)=sup\left\{\frac{\parallel s_1^{\ast }+s_2^{\ast }\parallel +\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }{2}-1:\parallel s_1^{\ast }\parallel \le 1,\parallel s_2^{\ast }\parallel \le t\right\}.$$

$\mathcal{B}$ signifies uniformly smooth, if $\underset{t\to 0}{lim}\frac{{\rho }_{\mathcal{B}}\left(t\right)}{t}=0$. ${\mathcal{J}}_q$ is single-valued if $\mathcal{B}$ is uniformly smooth. The following fundamental result, due to Xu [34], is significant.

Lemma 1.

A real uniformly smooth Banach space $\mathcal{B}$ is called q-uniformly smooth if for all $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, there exists $c_q>0$ such that

$$\parallel s_1^{\ast }+s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^q\le \parallel s_1^{\ast }{\parallel }^q+q⟨s_2^{\ast },{\mathcal{J}}_q\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)⟩+c_q{\parallel s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q,q>1.$$

Definition 1.

Let $\mathcal{A}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ and $N:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ be single-valued mappings. Then

 (i) 

$\mathcal{A}$ is called ${\sigma }_1$-strongly accretive if, for all $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, there exists ${\sigma }_1>0$ satisfying

$$⟨\mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩\ge {\sigma }_1{\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q;$$

 (ii) 

$\mathcal{A}$ is called relaxed $(\varsigma ,\kappa )$-cocoercive if, for all $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, there exist constants $\varsigma ,\kappa >0$ satisfying

$$⟨\mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩\ge (-\varsigma )\parallel \mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right){\parallel }^q+\kappa {\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q;$$

 (iii) 

$\mathcal{A}$ is called ${\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}$-Lipschitz continuous if, for all $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, there exists ${\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}>0$ satisfying

$$\parallel \mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel \le {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel ,$$

 (iv) 

N is called Lipschitz continuous in the first argument if, for all $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, there exists ${\delta }_{N_1}>0$ satisfying

$$\parallel N(s_1^{\ast },·)-N(s_2^{\ast },·)\parallel \le {\delta }_{N_1}\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel .$$

Similarly, Lipschitz continuity of N can be defined in the second argument.

Definition 2.

A set-valued mapping $T:\mathcal{B}\to CB\left(\mathcal{B}\right)$ is called $\mathcal{D}$-Lipschitz continuous if, for all $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, there exists ${\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}>0$ satisfying

$$\mathcal{D}(T\left(s_1^{\ast }\right),T\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))\le {\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel .$$

Definition 3

([35]). Let $\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ and $G:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to 2^{\mathcal{B}}$ be single-valued and multi-valued mappings, respectively. Then,

 (i) 

$G(\phi ,·)$ is termed as α-strongly accretive with regards to φ if, for all $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast },s_3^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, and for all $p_1\in G(\phi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right),s_3^{\ast }),p_2\in G(\phi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right),s_3^{\ast })$, there exists $\alpha >0$ such that

$$⟨p_1-p_2,{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩\ge \alpha {\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q;$$

 (ii) 

$G(·,\psi )$ is termed as β-relaxed accretive with regards to ψ if, for all $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast },s_3^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, and for all $p_1\in G(s_3^{\ast },\psi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right)),p_2\in G(s_3^{\ast },\psi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right))$, there exists $\beta >0$ such that

$$⟨p_1-p_2,{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩\ge (-\beta ){\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q;$$

 (iii) 

if $G(\phi ,·)$ is strongly accretive with regards to φ, and $G(·,\psi )$ is relaxed accretive with regards to ψ, then $G(\phi ,\psi )$ is called symmetric accretive with regards to φ and ψ.

Definition 4.

Let $\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ be the single-valued mappings. A multi-valued mapping $G:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to 2^{\mathcal{B}}$ is called $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive with respect to φ and ψ, if $\mathcal{A}$ is relaxed $(\varsigma ,\kappa )$-cocoercive, $G(\phi ,\psi )$ is symmetric accretive with respect to φ and ψ and for every $\varrho >0,(\mathcal{A}+\varrho G(\phi ,\psi \left)\right)\left(\mathcal{B}\right)=\mathcal{B}$.

Definition 5.

Let $\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ be the single-valued mappings and $G:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to 2^{\mathcal{B}}$ be an $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive with respect to φ and ψ. Then resolvent $R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ is defined by

$$R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s^{\ast }\right)={[\mathcal{A}+\varrho G(\phi ,\psi )]}^{-1}\left(s^{\ast }\right),\forall s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},\varrho >0.$$

(2)

Lemma 2.

Let $\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ be the single-valued mappings, such that $\mathcal{A}$ is ${\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}$-Lipschitz continuous. Let $G:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to 2^{\mathcal{B}}$ be an $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping with regards to φ and ψ. Then for all $\varrho >0$ with $\alpha >\beta$ and $\kappa >\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q$, the resolvent operator $R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}$ is single-valued.

Proof. 

Given $p\in \mathcal{B}$ and $\varrho >0$, let $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in {[\mathcal{A}+\varrho G(\phi ,\psi )]}^{-1}\left(p\right)$. Then, we have

$${\displaystyle \mathsf{\Lambda }\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)=\frac{1}{\varrho }[p-\mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)]\in G(\phi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right),\psi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right)),}$$

(3)

$${\displaystyle \mathsf{\Lambda }\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)=\frac{1}{\varrho }[p-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)]\in G(\phi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right),\psi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right)).}$$

(4)

In point of fact, G is $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping with regards to $\phi$ and $\psi$, we obtain

$$\begin{array}{ccc}(\alpha -\beta )\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^q\hfill & \le \hfill & ⟨\mathsf{\Lambda }\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathsf{\Lambda }\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩\hfill \\ \hfill & =\hfill & {\displaystyle \frac{1}{\varrho }⟨p-\mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-(p-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)),{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩}\hfill \\ \hfill & =\hfill & {\displaystyle \frac{1}{\varrho }⟨-(\mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)),{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩}\hfill \\ \hfill & \le \hfill & {\displaystyle \frac{\varsigma \parallel \mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right){\parallel }^q-\kappa {\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q}{\varrho }.}\hfill \end{array}$$

(5)

Utilizing ${\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}$-Lipschitz continuity of $\mathcal{A}$, we acquire

$$\begin{array}{ccc}(\alpha -\beta )\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^q\hfill & \le \hfill & {\displaystyle \frac{(\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q-\kappa )}{\varrho }{\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q,}\hfill \end{array}$$

(6)

which implies $0\le [\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)]{\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q\le 0$. Since $\alpha >\beta$ and $\kappa >\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q$, we deduce that $s_1^{\ast }=s_2^{\ast }$. Therefore, the resolvent operator defined by $R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s^{\ast }\right)={[\mathcal{A}+\varrho G(\phi ,\psi )]}^{-1}\left(s^{\ast }\right)$ is single-valued. □

Lemma 3.

Assume that the mappings $\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A},$ and G are the same as described in Lemma 2. Then, the resolvent $R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ is ϑ-Lipschitz continuous, i.e.,

$$\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel \le \vartheta \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel ,\forall s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}\mathrm{and}\varrho >0,$$

(7)

where ${\displaystyle \vartheta =\frac{1}{\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)},\alpha >\beta \mathrm{and}\kappa >\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q}$.

Proof. 

Let $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$. It follows from (2) that

$$R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)={[\mathcal{A}+\varrho G(\phi ,\psi )]}^{-1}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right),$$

$$R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)={[\mathcal{A}+\varrho G(\phi ,\psi )]}^{-1}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right).$$

Therefore,

$${\displaystyle \mathsf{\Lambda }\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)=\frac{1}{\varrho }(s_1^{\ast }-\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)\right))\in G(\phi \left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)\right),\psi \left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)\right)),}$$

$${\displaystyle \mathsf{\Lambda }\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)=\frac{1}{\varrho }(s_2^{\ast }-\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\right))\in G(\phi (R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),\psi \left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\right)).}$$

Symmetric accretive property of G with respect to $\phi$ and $\psi$ yields

$$\begin{array}{cc}& (\alpha -\beta )\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right){\parallel }^q\hfill \\ & \le ⟨\mathsf{\Lambda }\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathsf{\Lambda }\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),j_q(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))⟩\hfill \\ & {\displaystyle =\frac{1}{\varrho }⟨s_1^{\ast }-\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)\right)-(s_2^{\ast }-\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\right)),j_q(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))⟩}\hfill \\ & {\displaystyle =\frac{1}{\varrho }⟨s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast },j_q(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))⟩-\frac{1}{\varrho }⟨\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\right),}\hfill \\ & j_q(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))⟩.\hfill \end{array}$$

Employing relaxed $(\varsigma ,\kappa )$-cocoercivity and ${\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}$-Lipschitz continuity of $\mathcal{A}$, we obtain

$$\begin{array}{cc}& (\alpha -\beta )\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right){\parallel }^q\hfill \\ & {\displaystyle \le \frac{1}{\varrho }⟨s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast },j_q(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))⟩+\frac{1}{\varrho }[\varsigma \parallel \mathcal{A}(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\right){\parallel }^q}\hfill \\ & -\kappa \parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right){\parallel }^q]\hfill \\ & {\displaystyle \le \frac{1}{\varrho }⟨s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast },j_q(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))⟩+\frac{1}{\varrho }[\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q{\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel }^q}\hfill \\ & -\kappa \parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right){\parallel }^q]\hfill \\ & {\displaystyle =\frac{1}{\varrho }⟨s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast },j_q(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))⟩+\frac{(\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q-\kappa )}{\varrho }{\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel }^q,}\hfill \end{array}$$

which implies that

$$⟨s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast },j_q(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))⟩\ge [\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)]{\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel }^q.$$

That is,

$$\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel \parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right){\parallel }^{q-1}\ge [\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)]{\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel }^q.$$

Consequently, we get

$$\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel \le \vartheta \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel ,$$

where, ${\displaystyle \vartheta =\frac{1}{\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)}}$. □

3. Generalized Yosida Approximation Operator

Here, we explore a few characteristics of a generalized Yosida approximation operator, aligned to $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping.

Definition 6.

The generalized Yosida approximation operator, $J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$, is defined as

$${\displaystyle J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s^{\ast }\right)=\frac{1}{\varrho }\left[\mathcal{A}-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\right]\left(s^{\ast }\right),\forall s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},\varrho >0,}$$

(8)

where $R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}$ is defined in (2).

Lemma 4.

Let $\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ be the single-valued mappings, such that $\mathcal{A}$ is ${\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}$-Lipschitz continuous and η-strongly accretive. Suppose $G:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to 2^{\mathcal{B}}$ is an $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping, with regards to φ and ψ. Then for some $\varrho >0$, with $\alpha >\beta ,\kappa >\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q$, the generalized Yosida approximation operator $J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}$ is

 (i) 

$\mathcal{L}$-Lipschitz continuous, where $\mathcal{L}=\frac{({\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\vartheta )}{\varrho }$;

 (ii) 

ρ-strongly accretive; where $\rho =\frac{(\eta -\vartheta )}{\varrho },\vartheta =\frac{1}{\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)}$

Proof. 

(i). Given $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$. Utilizing Lipschitz continuities of $\mathcal{A}$, $R_{\varrho ,H\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}$ in (8), we achieve

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel & =\frac{1}{\varrho }\parallel [\mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)]-[\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)]\parallel \hfill \\ & \le \frac{1}{\varrho }[\parallel \mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel +\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel ]\hfill \\ & \le \frac{1}{\varrho }[{\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel +\vartheta \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel ]\hfill \\ & =\frac{({\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\vartheta )}{\varrho }\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel ,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., $\parallel J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel \le \mathcal{L}\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel$.

(ii). Given $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, then from (8) and $\eta$-strongly accretive property of $\mathcal{A}$, we get

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill ⟨J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)& -J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩\hfill \\ \hfill & =\frac{1}{\varrho }⟨\mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-[\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)],{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩\hfill \\ & =\frac{1}{\varrho }[⟨\mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩-⟨R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),\hfill \\ & {\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩]\hfill \\ & \ge \frac{1}{\varrho }[\eta \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^q-\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right))-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right))\parallel \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^{q-1}].\hfill \end{array}$$

Making use of the Lipschitz continuity of $R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}$, we obtain

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill ⟨J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩& \ge \frac{1}{\varrho }[\eta \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^q-\vartheta \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^q]\hfill \\ & =\frac{(\eta -\vartheta )}{\varrho }{\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., $⟨J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right),{\mathcal{J}}_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩\ge \rho {\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q,$ where $\rho =\frac{(\eta -\vartheta )}{\varrho }$. Thus, $J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}$ is $\rho$-strongly accretive. □

4. Main Results

Now, we formulate the generalized Yosida inclusion problem followed by a discussion of the existence result and inspection of convergence of the recommended scheme. Hereafter, we assume $(\mathcal{B},\parallel ·\parallel )$ is a q-uniformly smooth Banach space.

Let $\varphi ,\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B};N:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ be the single-valued mappings; $T:\mathcal{B}\to CB\left(\mathcal{B}\right)$ be a multi-valued mapping, and $G:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to 2^{\mathcal{B}}$ be an $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping, with regards to $\phi$ and $\psi$. The generalized Yosida inclusion problem (GYIP) is to locate $s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},u^{\ast }\in T\left(s^{\ast }\right),$ such that

$$0\in J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+G(\phi \left(s^{\ast }\right),\psi \left(s^{\ast }\right))+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right)).$$

(9)

4.1. Existence Result

Lemma 5.

A point $s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},u^{\ast }\in T\left(s^{\ast }\right)$ is a solution of GYIP (9) if, for some $\varrho >0,s^{\ast }\in F\left(\mathsf{\Phi }\right)$, where $F\left(\mathsf{\Phi }\right)$ is the set of all fixed points of Φ and

$$\mathsf{\Phi }\left(s^{\ast }\right)=R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}[\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)-\varrho (J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))].$$

(10)

Proof. 

One can obtain proof of the lemma as a direct consequence of (2), so we ignore it. □

Theorem 1.

Let $\varphi ,\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ and $N:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ represent single-valued mappings, where ϕ is ${\delta }_{\varphi }$-Lipschitz continuous and σ-strongly accretive, $\mathcal{A}$ is ${\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}$-Lipschitz continuous, N is ${\delta }_{N_1}$ and ${\delta }_{N_2}$-Lipschitz continuous in the first and second argument, respectively. Let $T:\mathcal{B}\to CB\left(\mathcal{B}\right)$ be $\mathcal{D}$-Lipschitz continuous mapping with constant ${\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}$ and $G:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to 2^{\mathcal{B}}$ be $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive, with regards to φ and ψ. Suppose that $\varrho >0$ satisfies

$$0<\vartheta [{\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\varrho (\mathcal{L}+{\delta }_{N_1}{\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}+{\delta }_{N_2}\sqrt[q]{1-q\sigma +c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q})]<1,q\sigma -c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q<1,$$

(11)

where, ${\displaystyle \vartheta =\frac{1}{\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)}\mathrm{and}\mathcal{L}=\frac{({\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\vartheta )}{\varrho },\alpha >\beta ,\kappa >\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q}$. Then GYIP (9) has a unique solution.

Proof. 

Given $s_1^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$ and $u_1^{\ast }\in T\left(s_1^{\ast }\right),u_2^{\ast }\in T\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)$. Utilizing Lemma 3, Lemma 4, Lipschitz continuity of $\mathcal{A}$, and (10), we obtain

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel \mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel & =\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}[\mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\varrho (J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)+N(u_1^{\ast },s_1^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right))]\hfill \\ \hfill & -R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}[\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)-\varrho (J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)+N(u_2^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right))]\hfill \\ \hfill & \le \vartheta \parallel \mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\varrho (J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)+N(u_1^{\ast },s_1^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right))\hfill \\ \hfill & -[\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)-\varrho (J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)+N(u_2^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right))\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le \vartheta [\parallel \mathcal{A}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel +\varrho \parallel J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & +\varrho \parallel N(u_1^{\ast },s_1^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right))-N(u_2^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right))\parallel ]\hfill \\ \hfill & \le \vartheta {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel +\vartheta \varrho \mathcal{L}\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & +\vartheta \varrho \parallel N(u_1^{\ast },s_1^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right))-N(u_2^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right))\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(12)

By implementing Lipschitz continuity of N and $\mathcal{D}$-Lipschitz continuity of T, we acquire

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel N(u_1^{\ast },s_1^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right))-N(u_2^{\ast },s_2^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right))\parallel & \le {\delta }_{N_1}\parallel u_1^{\ast }-u_2^{\ast }\parallel +{\delta }_{N_2}\parallel (s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })-(\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right))\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_{N_1}{\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel +{\delta }_{N_2}\parallel (s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })-(\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right))\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(13)

In view of $\sigma$-strong monotonicity and ${\delta }_{\varphi }$-Lipschitz continuity of $\varphi$, we achieve

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel (s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })-(\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right)){\parallel }^q& \le \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^q-q⟨\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right),j_q(s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })⟩+c_q{\parallel \varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel }^q\hfill \\ & \le s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^q-q\sigma \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }{\parallel }^q+c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q{\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q\hfill \\ & =(1-q\sigma +c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q){\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel }^q,\hfill \end{array}$$

which implies that

$$\parallel (s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast })-(\varphi \left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\varphi \left(s_2^{\ast }\right))\parallel \le \sqrt[q]{1-q\sigma +c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q}\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel .$$

(14)

By making use of (13) and (14), (12) becomes

$$\parallel \mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel \le \vartheta [{\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\varrho (\mathcal{L}+{\delta }_{N_1}{\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}+{\delta }_{N_2}\sqrt[q]{1-q\sigma +c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q})]\parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel .$$

(15)

Thus, from (15), we deduce that

$$\parallel \mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel \le \Delta \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel ,$$

(16)

where, ${\displaystyle \Delta =\vartheta [{\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\varrho (\mathcal{L}+{\delta }_{N_1}{\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}+{\delta }_{N_2}\sqrt[q]{1-q\sigma +c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q})],\vartheta =\frac{1}{\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)}}$ and $\mathcal{L}=\frac{({\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\vartheta )}{\varrho }.$ From Condition (11), we have $\Delta <1$. Then, (16) becomes

$$\parallel \mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_1^{\ast }\right)-\mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_2^{\ast }\right)\parallel \le \parallel s_1^{\ast }-s_2^{\ast }\parallel .$$

Taking the Banach contraction principle into consideration, $\exists s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, so that $\mathsf{\Phi }\left(s^{\ast }\right)=s^{\ast }$. Hence, by employing Lemma 5, we acquire $s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},u^{\ast }\in T\left(s^{\ast }\right)$ as the unique solution of GYIP (9). □

4.2. Convergence Result

Algorithm 1.

Suppose that the mappings $\varphi ,\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A},N,T,G$ are identical as in Theorem 1. Then, for any given $s_0^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},u_0^{\ast }\in T\left(s_0^{\ast }\right)$, we approximate $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ and $\left\{u_n^{\ast }\right\}$ by the following scheme:

$$\begin{array}{c}{\mu }_n^{\ast }=\mathsf{\Phi }[(1-p_n)s_n^{\ast }+p_n\mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)]\hfill \\ {\theta }_n^{\ast }=\mathsf{\Phi }[(1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_n\mathsf{\Phi }\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)]\hfill \\ {\eta }_n^{\ast }=\mathsf{\Phi }\left({\theta }_n^{\ast }\right)\hfill \\ s_{n+1}^{\ast }=\mathsf{\Phi }\left({\eta }_n^{\ast }\right)\hfill \\ u_{n+1}^{\ast }\in T\left(s_{n+1}^{\ast }\right):\parallel u_{n+1}^{\ast }-u_n^{\ast }\parallel \le \mathcal{D}(T\left(s_{n+1}^{\ast }\right),T\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)),\hfill \end{array}$$

(17)

where $u_n\in T\left(x_n\right),u_n^{\prime }\in T\left(y_n\right),u_n^{″}\in T\left(z_n\right)$ and $\left\{p_n\right\},\left\{r_n\right\}$ are sequences in $(0,1)$ satisfying ${\sum }_{n=0}^{\infty }{p}_n=\infty ,\forall n=0,1,2,\cdots$.

Next, we present and analyze the convergence of the scheme (17).

Theorem 2.

Let the mappings $\varphi ,\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A},N,T,G$ be identical and satisfy all assumptions as in Theorem 1. Suppose that Condition (11) holds. Then the approximate sequences $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ and $\left\{u_n^{\ast }\right\}$, initiated by iterative Algorithm 1, converge strongly to $s^{\ast }$ and $u^{\ast }$, respectively, and $(s^{\ast },u^{\ast }),s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},u^{\ast }\in T\left(s^{\ast }\right)$ solves GYIP (9).

Proof. 

Let $s^{\ast }\in F\left(\mathsf{\Phi }\right)$. Then, from (16) and (17), we obtain

$$\begin{array}{cc}\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill & =\parallel \mathsf{\Phi }[(1-p_n)s_n^{\ast }+p_n\mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)]-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le \Delta [(1-p_n)\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel +p_n\parallel \mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }\parallel ]\hfill \\ \hfill & \le \Delta [(1-p_n)\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel +p_n\Delta \parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel ]\hfill \\ \hfill & =\Delta [1-p_n(1-\Delta )]\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(18)

$$\begin{array}{cc}\parallel {\theta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill & =\parallel \mathsf{\Phi }[(1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_n\mathsf{\Phi }\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)]-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le \Delta [(1-r_n)\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel +r_n\parallel \mathsf{\Phi }\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }\parallel ]\hfill \\ \hfill & \le \Delta [(1-r_n)\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel +r_n\Delta \parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel ]\hfill \\ \hfill & =\Delta [1-r_n(1-\Delta )]\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\Delta }^2[1-r_n(1-\Delta )][1-p_n(1-\Delta )]\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(19)

$$\begin{array}{cc}\parallel {\eta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill & =\parallel \mathsf{\Phi }\left({\theta }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le \Delta \parallel {\theta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\Delta }^3[1-r_n(1-\Delta )][1-p_n(1-\Delta )]\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(20)

$$\begin{array}{cc}\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill & =\parallel \mathsf{\Phi }\left({\eta }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le \Delta \parallel {\eta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\Delta }^4[1-r_n(1-\Delta )][1-p_n(1-\Delta )]\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(21)

In fact, $\left\{r_n\right\}$ is a sequence in $(0,1)$ and $\Delta <1$, therefore $1-r_n(1-\Delta )<1$. Hence, (21) yields

$$\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \le {\Delta }^4[1-p_n(1-\Delta )]\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel .$$

(22)

By replicating the process, we obtain

$$\begin{array}{cc}\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill & \le {\Delta }^4[1-p_n(1-\Delta )]\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\Delta }^4[1-p_{n-1}(1-\Delta )]\parallel s_{n-1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & ·\hfill \\ \hfill & ·\hfill \\ \hfill & ·\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\Delta }^4[1-p_0(1-\Delta )]\parallel s_0^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\Delta }^{4(n+1)}\prod _{m=0}^n[1-p_m(1-\Delta )]\parallel s_0^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(23)

Using the facts that $p_m\in (0,1),\forall m\in \mathbb{N}$, $0<\Delta <1$, and $1-\ell \le e^{-\ell },\forall \ell \in [0,1]$, (23) becomes

$${\displaystyle \parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \le \frac{{\Delta }^{4(n+1)}\parallel s_0^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }{e^{(1-\Delta ){\sum }_{m=0}^n{p}_m}},}$$

(24)

which after taking limits both sides leads to $\underset{n\to \infty }{lim}{s}_n^{\ast }=s^{\ast }$. From Algorithm 1, we achieve

$$\parallel u_n^{\ast }-u^{\ast }\parallel \le \mathcal{D}(T\left(s_n^{\ast }\right),T\left(s^{\ast }\right))\le {\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel .$$

(25)

From (25), one can see that $u_n^{\ast }\to u^{\ast }$, for sufficiently large n. Next, we show that $u^{\ast }\in T\left(s^{\ast }\right)$. Since $u_n^{\ast }\in T\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)$, then we obtain

$$\begin{array}{cc}d(u^{\ast },T\left(s^{\ast }\right))\hfill & \le \parallel u^{\ast }-u_n^{\ast }\parallel +d(u_n^{\ast },T\left(s^{\ast }\right))\hfill \\ \hfill & \le \parallel u^{\ast }-u_n^{\ast }\parallel +\mathcal{D}(T\left(s_n^{\ast }\right),T\left(s^{\ast }\right))\hfill \\ \hfill & \le \parallel u^{\ast }-u_n^{\ast }\parallel +{\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel \to 0,\mathrm{as}n\to \infty .\hfill \end{array}$$

(26)

Hence, $d(u^{\ast },T\left(s^{\ast }\right))\to 0$, therefore $u^{\ast }\in T\left(s^{\ast }\right)$ as $T\left(s^{\ast }\right)\in CB\left(\mathcal{B}\right)$. By utilizing Lemma 5, it follows that $s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},u^{\ast }\in T\left(s^{\ast }\right)$ is the unique solution of GYIP (9). □

Example 1.

Let $\mathcal{B}=\mathbb{R}$, with inner product $⟨s,t⟩=s·t$ and induced norm $\parallel s\parallel =\left|s\right|$. Define $\varphi ,\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A}:\mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ and $N:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to \mathcal{B}$ by

$$\varphi \left(s\right)=\frac{5}{7}s,\phi \left(s\right)=\frac{6}{5}s,\psi \left(s\right)=-\frac{3}{5}s,\mathcal{A}\left(s\right)=\frac{6}{5}s\mathrm{and}N(s,t)=\frac{s+t}{3},\mathrm{for}\mathrm{all}s,t\in \mathcal{B}.$$

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel \varphi \left(s\right)-\varphi \left(t\right)\parallel & =|\frac{5}{7}s-\frac{5}{7}t|\hfill \\ & =\frac{5}{7}|s-t|\le \frac{5}{6}\parallel s-t\parallel ,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., ϕ is ${\delta }_{\varphi }$-Lipschitz continuous with ${\delta }_{\varphi }=\frac{5}{6}$.

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill ⟨\varphi \left(s\right)-\varphi \left(t\right),s-t⟩& =⟨\frac{5}{7}s-\frac{5}{7}t,s-t⟩\hfill \\ & =\frac{5}{7}{\parallel s-t\parallel }^2\ge \frac{5}{8}{\parallel s-t\parallel }^2,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., ϕ is $\frac{5}{8}$-strongly monotone.

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel \mathcal{A}\left(s\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(t\right)\parallel & =|\frac{6}{5}s-\frac{6}{5}t|\hfill \\ & =\frac{6}{5}|s-t|\le \frac{5}{4}\parallel s-t\parallel ,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., $\mathcal{A}$ is ${\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}$-Lipschitz continuous with ${\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}=\frac{5}{4}$.

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill ⟨\mathcal{A}\left(s\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(t\right),s-t⟩& =⟨\frac{6}{5}s-\frac{6}{5}t,s-t⟩\hfill \\ & =\frac{6}{5}{\parallel s-t\parallel }^2\hfill \\ & \ge -\frac{1}{2}{\parallel \mathcal{A}\left(s\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(t\right)\parallel }^2+\frac{1}{3}{\parallel s-t\parallel }^2,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., $\mathcal{A}$ is $(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{3})$-relaxed cocoercive.

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel N(\frac{1}{5}s,s-\varphi \left(s\right))-N(\frac{1}{5}t,t-\varphi \left(t\right))\parallel & =|\frac{1/5s+s-\varphi \left(s\right)}{3}-\frac{1/5t+s-\varphi \left(s\right)}{3}|\hfill \\ & =\frac{1}{15}|s-t|\le \frac{1}{9}\parallel s-t\parallel ,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., N is ${\delta }_{N_1}$-Lipschitz continuous with ${\delta }_{N_1}=\frac{1}{9}$.

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel N(u,s-\varphi (s\left)\right)-N(u,t-\varphi (t\left)\right)\parallel & =|\frac{u+s-\varphi \left(s\right)}{3}-\frac{u+t-\varphi \left(t\right)}{3}|\hfill \\ & =\frac{2}{21}|s-t|\le \frac{1}{10}\parallel s-t\parallel ,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., N is ${\delta }_{N_2}$-Lipschitz continuous with ${\delta }_{N_2}=\frac{1}{10}$. Define $T:\mathcal{B}\to 2^{\mathcal{B}}$ and $G:\mathcal{B}\times \mathcal{B}\to 2^{\mathcal{B}}$ by

$$T\left(s\right)=\left\{\frac{1}{5}s\right\}\mathrm{and}G(\phi \left(s\right),\psi \left(s\right))=\left\{5\left(\phi \right(s)+\psi (s\left)\right)\right\},\mathrm{for}\mathrm{all}s\in \mathcal{B}.$$

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel T\left(s\right)-T\left(t\right)\parallel & =|\frac{1}{5}s-\frac{1}{5}t|\le \frac{1}{5}\parallel s-t\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., T is ${\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}$-Lipschitz continuous with ${\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}=\frac{1}{5}$.

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill ⟨G\left(\phi \right(s),w)-G\left(\phi \right(t),w),s-t⟩& =⟨5\left(\phi \right(s)+w)-5\left(\phi \right(t)+w),s-t⟩\hfill \\ & =5⟨\phi \left(s\right)-\phi \left(t\right),s-t⟩=5⟨\frac{6}{5}s-\frac{6}{5}t,s-t⟩\hfill \\ & ={6\parallel s-t\parallel }^2\ge \frac{11}{2}{\parallel s-t\parallel }^2,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., G is $\frac{11}{2}$-strongly accretive with respect to φ. Similarly, we can easily prove that G is $\frac{7}{2}$-relaxed accretive with respect to ψ. Thus, G is symmetric accretive. Now, for any $s\in \mathcal{B}$, it is easy to notice that

$${\displaystyle [\mathcal{A}+\varrho G(\phi ,\psi )]\left(s\right)=\left(\frac{15\varrho +6}{5}\right)s.}$$

i.e., $[\mathcal{A}+\varrho G(\phi ,\psi \left)\right]\left(\mathcal{B}\right)=\mathcal{B}$, for all $\varrho >0$. Hence G is $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping.

Now for $\varrho =1$, the resolvent operator

$$R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s\right)={[\mathcal{A}+\varrho G(\phi ,\psi )]}^{-1}\left(s\right)=\frac{5}{21}s.$$

Also,

$$\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(t\right)\parallel =|\frac{5}{21}s-\frac{5}{21}t|\le \frac{2}{7}\parallel s-t\parallel ,$$

i.e., $R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}$ is ϑ-Lipschitz continuous with $\vartheta =\frac{2}{7}$. Further, the Yosida approximation operator is defined as

$$J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s\right)=\frac{1}{\varrho }[\mathcal{A}-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}]\left(s\right)=\frac{101}{105}s.$$

Next, we show that

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s\right)-J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(t\right)\parallel & =|\frac{101}{105}s-\frac{101}{105}t|\hfill \\ & \le \frac{11}{10}\parallel s-t\parallel ,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., $J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}$ is $\mathcal{L}$-Lipschitz continuous with $\mathcal{L}=\frac{11}{10}$.

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill ⟨J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s\right)-J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(t\right),s-t⟩& =⟨\frac{101}{105}s-\frac{101}{105}t,s-t⟩\hfill \\ & \ge \frac{9}{10}{\parallel s-t\parallel }^2,\hfill \end{array}$$

i.e., $J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}$ is $\frac{9}{10}$-strongly monotone. Additionally, for $\lambda =1$, we have

$$\begin{array}{cc}& \vartheta \left[{\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\lambda (\mathcal{L}+{\delta }_{N_1}{\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}+{\delta }_{N_2}\sqrt[q]{1-q\sigma +c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q})\right]\hfill \\ & =\frac{2}{7}\left[\frac{5}{4}+\frac{11}{10}+\frac{1}{9}\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{10}\sqrt{1-2\frac{5}{8}+{\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)}^2}\right]=0.6968<1.\hfill \end{array}$$

Thus, all the assumptions of Theorem 1 and Condition (11) are verified. Clearly, $s=0$ is the fixed point of $\mathsf{\Phi }\left(s\right)=R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}[\mathcal{A}\left(s\right)-\varrho (R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(·,·)}\left(s\right)+N(u,s-\varphi \left(s\right)))]$.

Let ${\displaystyle p_n=\frac{1}{(n+1)}}$ and ${\displaystyle r_n=\frac{n+1}{(n+2)}}$. Now, we approximate the sequences $\left\{{\mu }_n^{\ast }\right\},\left\{{\theta }_n^{\ast }\right\},\left\{{\eta }_n^{\ast }\right\}$ and $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ by employing the Algorithm 1 as below:

$$\begin{array}{c}{\displaystyle {\mu }_n^{\ast }=\mathsf{\Phi }\left[\frac{1}{n+1}{s}_n^{\ast }+\frac{8}{441(n+1)}{s}_n^{\ast }\right],}\hfill \\ {\displaystyle {\theta }_n^{\ast }=\mathsf{\Phi }\left[\frac{1}{n+2}{\mu }_n^{\ast }+\frac{8(n+1)}{441(n+2)}{\mu }_n^{\ast }\right],}\hfill \\ {\eta }_n^{\ast }=\mathsf{\Phi }\left({\theta }_n^{\ast }\right),\hfill \\ s_{n+1}^{\ast }=\mathsf{\Phi }\left({\eta }_n^{\ast }\right),\hfill \\ {\displaystyle \mathsf{\Phi }\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)=\frac{8}{441}{s}_n^{\ast }.}\hfill \end{array}$$

Thus, all the presumptions of Theorem 2 are accomplished, and $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ converges strongly to $s^{\ast }=0$, which solves GYIP (9).

4.3. Stability Result

In dealing with real world problems, we take into consideration an approximate sequence, say $\left\{t_n^{\ast }\right\}$, in lieu of an actual sequence $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$, for rounding the errors of approximating functions. An iterative method is known as $\mathsf{\Phi }$-stable if $\left\{t_n^{\ast }\right\}$ converges to the fixed point of $\mathsf{\Phi }$. Ostrowski [36] coined the concept of stability for a fixed point iterative scheme for the first time.

Definition 7

([36]). Let $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ be an approximate sequence in a Banach space $\mathcal{B}$. For some function Γ, an iterative sequence ${\tau }_{n+1}=\mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },{\tau }_n)$ converging to $s^{\ast }$ is known to be Φ-stable, if for ${ϵ}_n=\parallel t_{n+1}-\mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },t_n)\parallel ,\forall n\in \mathbb{N}$, we have $\underset{n\to \infty }{lim}{ϵ}_n=0\iff \underset{n\to \infty }{lim}{t}_n=t$.

The concept of almost stability, which is a weaker concept of stability, was defined by Osilike as follows:

Definition 8

([37]). Let $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ be an approximate sequence in a Banach space $\mathcal{B}$. For some function Γ, the iterative sequence ${\tau }_{n+1}=\mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },{\tau }_n)$ converging to $s^{\ast }$ is known to be almost Φ-stable, if for ${ϵ}_n=\parallel t_{n+1}-\mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },t_n)\parallel ,\forall n\in \mathbb{N}$, we have $\underset{n\to \infty }{lim}{ϵ}_n<\infty \Rightarrow \underset{n\to \infty }{lim}{t}_n=t$.

Clearly, any $\mathsf{\Phi }$-stable iterative method is almost $\mathsf{\Phi }$-stable, but the converse statement is not true in general, see [37].

To prove the stability of iterative procedure, we present the following lemma of essence.

Lemma 6

([38]). Let $\left\{{\epsilon }_n\right\}$ and $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ be non-negative real sequences and $0\le \vartheta <1$, such that $s_{n+1}^{\ast }\le \vartheta s_n^{\ast }+{\epsilon }_n,\forall n\in \mathbb{N}$. Then, ${\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }{s}_n^{\ast }<\infty$, provided ${\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }{\epsilon }_n<\infty$.

Theorem 3.

If $\varphi ,\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A},N,T$ and G are identical, as in Theorem 1, satisfying Condition (11), then the Scheme (17) is almost Φ-stable.

Proof. 

Let $\left\{t_n^{\ast }\right\}$ be an arbitrary sequence in $\mathcal{B}$, which is approximated by $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$. Assume that $\left\{t_{n+1}^{\ast }\right\}$, initiated by (17) that fulfills the relation $t_{n+1}^{\ast }=\mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },t_n^{\ast })$, converges to a unique solution $t^{\ast }$ and ${ϵ}_n=\parallel t_{n+1}^{\ast }-\mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },t_n^{\ast })\parallel ,\forall n\in \mathbb{N}$. In order to be persuaded of the stability of $\mathsf{\Phi }$, we show that ${\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }}{ϵ}_n<\infty \Rightarrow \underset{n\to \infty }{lim}{t}_n^{\ast }=t^{\ast }$. Suppose that ${\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }}{ϵ}_n<\infty$, making use of (17), we obtain

$$\begin{array}{cc}\parallel t_{n+1}^{\ast }-t^{\ast }\parallel \hfill & =\parallel \mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },t_n^{\ast })-t^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le \parallel t_{n+1}^{\ast }-\mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },t_n^{\ast })\parallel +\parallel \mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },t_n^{\ast })-t^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & ={ϵ}_n+\parallel \mathsf{\Gamma }(\mathsf{\Phi },{\gamma }_n)-t^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & ={ϵ}_n+\parallel [1-r_n(1-\Delta )]\mathsf{\Phi }\left(\mathsf{\Phi }\left(\mathsf{\Phi }\left(\mathsf{\Phi }[(1-p_n)t_n^{\ast }+p_n\mathsf{\Phi }\left(t_n^{\ast }\right)]\right)\right)\right)-t^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {ϵ}_n+\Delta \parallel [1-r_n(1-\Delta )]\mathsf{\Phi }\left(\mathsf{\Phi }\left(\mathsf{\Phi }[(1-p_n)t_n^{\ast }+p_n\mathsf{\Phi }\left(t_n^{\ast }\right)]\right)\right)-t^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {ϵ}_n+{\Delta }^2\parallel [1-r_n(1-\Delta )]\mathsf{\Phi }\left(\mathsf{\Phi }[(1-p_n)t_n^{\ast }+p_n\mathsf{\Phi }\left(t_n^{\ast }\right)]\right)-t^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {ϵ}_n+{\Delta }^3\parallel [1-r_n(1-\Delta )]\mathsf{\Phi }[(1-p_n)t_n^{\ast }+p_n\mathsf{\Phi }\left(t_n^{\ast }\right)]-t^{\ast }\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {ϵ}_n+{\Delta }^4\parallel [1-r_n(1-\Delta )][1-p_n(1-\Delta )]\parallel t_n^{\ast }-t^{\ast }\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(27)

In fact $\Delta <1,\left\{r_n\right\}$ and $\left\{p_n\right\}$ are in $(0,1)$. Denote ${\wp }_n^{\ast }=\parallel t_n^{\ast }-t^{\ast }\parallel$, then (27) in turns ${\wp }_{n+1}^{\ast }={ϵ}_n+{\Delta }^4{\wp }_n^{\ast }$. As ${\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }}{ϵ}_n<\infty$, then from lemma, we infer that ${\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }}{\wp }_n^{\ast }<\infty$, which yields ${\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }}{\wp }_n^{\ast }=0$. Hence, ${\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }}{t}_n^{\ast }=t^{\ast }$, that is, iterative method (17) is almost $\mathsf{\Phi }$-stable. □

5. Applications

Here, we employ the generalized Yosida inclusion problem to investigate the generalized resolvent equation problem. In addition, we utilize our developed scheme to examine the Volterra–Fredholm integral equation.

5.1. Generalized Resolvent Equation Problem

This subsection begins with formulation of the resolvent equation problem for the generalized Yosida inclusion problem, which is to locate $s^{\ast },w\in \mathcal{B}$, such that

$$J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))+{\varrho }^{-1}{S}_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)=0,$$

(28)

where, $S_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)=[I-\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\right]\left(w\right)$ and $R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}$ is the resolvent associated to $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping. We call problem (28) the generalized resolvent equation problem (in short: GREP).

Now, we establish equivalence between GYIP (9) and GREP (28).

Proposition 1.

A point $s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},u^{\ast }\in T\left(s^{\ast }\right)$ is a solution of GYIP (9) if GREP (28) has a solution $s^{\ast },w\in \mathcal{B}$, provided $\mathcal{A}$ is one-to-one and

$$s^{\ast }=R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right),$$

(29)

$$w=\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))].$$

(30)

Proof. 

Suppose $s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B}$, is a solution of GYIP (9), then

$$s^{\ast }=R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}[\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)-\varrho (J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))].$$

(31)

Since $w=\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))]$, then we have $s^{\ast }=R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)$. Thus,

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill w& =\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))]\hfill \\ \hfill & =\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right)+N(u^{\ast },R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)-\varphi \left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right))],\hfill \end{array}$$

which implies that

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill w-\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right)& =-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right)+N(u^{\ast },R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)-\varphi \left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right))]\hfill \\ \hfill \mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\right)\left(w\right)& =-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right)+N(u^{\ast },R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)-\varphi \left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right))]\hfill \\ \hfill \mathrm{i}.\mathrm{e}.,S_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)& =-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right)+N(u^{\ast },R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)-\varphi \left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right))].\hfill \end{array}$$

It follows from (29) that

$$S_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)=-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))].$$

Thus, we have

$$J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))+{\varrho }^{-1}{S}_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)=0.$$

Conversely, suppose that $s^{\ast },w\in \mathcal{B}$ is the solution of GREP (28), then we have

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))]& =-S_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\hfill \\ \hfill & =\mathcal{A}\left(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w\right)\right)-w\hfill \\ \hfill & =\mathcal{A}(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}[\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))])\hfill \\ \hfill & -[\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))],\hfill \end{array}$$

which implies

$$\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)=\mathcal{A}(R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}[\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))]).$$

Since the mapping $\mathcal{A}$ is one-to-one, we have

$$s^{\ast }=R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}[\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))].$$

Thus, from Lemma 5, we deduce that $s^{\ast }\in \mathcal{B},u^{\ast }\in T\left(s^{\ast }\right)$ is the solution of GYIP (9).

Based on Proposition 1, we estimate the solution of GREP (28) by composing the following iterative procedure. □

Algorithm 2.

For initial points $s_0^{\ast },w_0\in \mathcal{B}$, we approximate the sequences $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ and $\left\{w_n\right\}$ by the following scheme:

$$s_n^{\ast }=R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w_n\right)$$

(32)

$$w_{n+1}=\mathcal{A}\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)+N(u_n^{\ast },s_n^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_n^{\ast }\right))].$$

(33)

Theorem 4.

Suppose that the mappings $\varphi ,\phi ,\psi ,\mathcal{A},N,T,G$ are the same, and satisfy all the assumptions and Condition (11) as in Theorem 1. Then approximate sequences $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ and $\left\{w_n\right\}$, initiated by (32)–(33), converge strongly to the $s^{\ast }$ and w, respectively, which solves GREP (28).

Proof. 

Taking (33) of Algorithm 2 into account, and utilizing the Lipschitz continuity of $\mathcal{A}$, we obtain

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel w_{n+1}-w_n\parallel & =\mathcal{A}\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)+N(u_n^{\ast },s_n^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_n^{\ast }\right))]\hfill \\ \hfill & -(\mathcal{A}\left(s_{n-1}^{\ast }\right)-\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_{n-1}^{\ast }\right)+N(u_{n-1}^{\ast },s_{n-1}^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_{n-1}^{\ast }\right))])\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le \parallel \mathcal{A}\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)-\mathcal{A}\left(s_{n-1}^{\ast }\right)\parallel +\varrho \parallel J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)-J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_{n-1}^{\ast }\right)\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & +\varrho \parallel N(u_n^{\ast },s_n^{\ast }-\varphi \left(\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)\right)-N(u_{n-1}^{\ast },s_{n-1}^{\ast }-\varphi \left(\left(s_{n-1}^{\ast }\right)\right)\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s_{n-1}^{\ast }\parallel +\varrho \parallel J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_n^{\ast }\right)-J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s_{n-1}^{\ast }\right)\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & +\varrho \parallel N(u_n^{\ast },s_n^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_n^{\ast }\right))-N(u_{n-1}^{\ast },s_{n-1}^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s_{n-1}^{\ast }\right))\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

Using the same facts as used in Theorem 1, we have

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel w_{n+1}-w_n\parallel & \le {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\varrho (\mathcal{L}+{\delta }_{N_1}{\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}+{\delta }_{N_2}\sqrt[q]{1-q\sigma +c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q})\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s_{n-1}^{\ast }\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(34)

Now, making use of (32) and (7), we acquire

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel s_n^{\ast }-s_{n-1}^{\ast }\parallel & =\parallel R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w_n\right)-R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(w_{n-1}\right)\parallel \hfill \\ \hfill & {\displaystyle \le \frac{1}{\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)}\parallel w_n-w_{n-1}\parallel .}\hfill \end{array}$$

(35)

It follows from (34) and (35) that

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel w_{n+1}-w_n\parallel & {\displaystyle \le \frac{{\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}+\varrho (\mathcal{L}+{\delta }_{N_1}{\delta }_{{\mathcal{D}}_T}+{\delta }_{N_2}\sqrt[q]{1-q\sigma +c_q{\delta }_{\varphi }^q})}{\varrho (\alpha -\beta )+(\kappa -\varsigma {\delta }_{\mathcal{A}}^q)}\parallel w_n-w_{n-1}\parallel }\hfill \\ \hfill & =\Delta \parallel w_n-w_{n-1}\parallel .\hfill \end{array}$$

(36)

From (11), we infer $\Delta <1$. Thus, $\left\{w_n\right\}$ is a Cauchy sequence in $\mathcal{B}$. Hence, $\exists w\in \mathcal{B}$ such that $w_n\to w$ as $n\to \infty$. From (35), $s_n^{\ast }\to s^{\ast }$ as $n\to \infty$. Also, from (25), we have $\underset{n\to \infty }{lim}{u}_n^{\ast }=u^{\ast }$. Employing the continuity of $\mathcal{A},N,\varphi ,R_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}$ and $J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}$, we have

$$w=\mathcal{A}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+\varrho [J_{\varrho ,\mathcal{A}}^{G(\phi ,\psi )}\left(s^{\ast }\right)+N(u^{\ast },s^{\ast }-\varphi \left(s^{\ast }\right))].$$

Thus, from Proposition 1, we deduce that $s^{\ast },w\in \mathcal{B}$ solves GREP (28). □

5.2. Volterra–Fredholm Integral Equation

Next, we employ our iterative scheme (17) to investigate the approximate solution of the Volterra–Fredholm integral equation, given below:

$$x(\omega ,\kappa )=f(\omega ,\kappa ,l\left(x(\omega ,\kappa )\right))+{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,x(a,b))dadb,\forall \omega ,\kappa \in {\mathbb{R}}_{+}.$$

(37)

The problem (37) has previously been studied by Lungu and Rus [39]. For some $t>0$, define

$${\Delta }_t=\{x\in \mathcal{C}({\mathbb{R}}_{+}^2,\mathcal{B}):\exists M\left(x\right)>0:|x(\omega ,\kappa )|e^{-t(\omega +\kappa )}\le M\left(x\right)\}.$$

Define the norm on ${\Delta }_t$ as

$${\parallel x\parallel }_t=\underset{\omega ,\kappa \in {\mathbb{R}}_{+}}{sup}\left(\left|x(\omega ,\kappa )\right|e^{-t(\omega +\kappa )}\right).$$

Note that $({\Delta }_t,\parallel ·{\parallel }_t)$ is a Banach space, see, [40]. The lemma mentioned below, due to Lungu and Rus [39], plays a deciding role to prove our result.

Lemma 7

([39]). If the following assertions hold:

 (A₁) 

$f\in \mathcal{C}({\mathbb{R}}_{+}^2\times \mathcal{B},\mathcal{B}),\zeta \in \mathcal{C}({\mathbb{R}}_{+}^4\times \mathcal{B},\mathcal{B})$;

 (A₂) 

For some ${\delta }_l>0$, $l:{\Delta }_t\to {\Delta }_t$ satisfies

$$|l\left(x(\omega ,\kappa )\right)-l\left(y(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|\le {\delta }_l\parallel x-y\parallel ·e^{t(\omega +\kappa )},\forall \omega ,\kappa \in {\mathbb{R}}_{+},x,y\in {\Delta }_t;$$

 (A₃) 

$\exists {\delta }_f>0$ such that $|f(\omega ,\kappa ,{\mu }_1)-f(\omega ,\kappa ,{\mu }_2)|\le {\delta }_f|{\mu }_1-{\mu }_2|,\forall \omega ,\kappa \in {\mathbb{R}}_{+},{\mu }_1,{\mu }_2\in \mathcal{B};$

 (A₄) 

$\exists {\delta }_{\zeta }>0$ such that $|\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,{\mu }_1)-\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,{\mu }_2)|\le {\delta }_{\zeta }(\omega ,\kappa ,a,b)|{\mu }_1-{\mu }_2|,\forall \omega ,\kappa ,a,b\in {\mathbb{R}}_{+},{\mu }_1,{\mu }_2\in \mathcal{B};$

 (A₅) 

${\delta }_{\zeta }\in \mathcal{C}({\mathbb{R}}_{+}^4,{\mathbb{R}}_{+})$ and

$${\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }{\delta }_{\zeta }(\omega ,\kappa ,a,b)e^{t(a+b)}dadb\le \delta e^{t(\omega +\kappa )},\forall \omega ,\kappa \in {\mathbb{R}}_{+};$$

 (A₆) 

${\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta <1$.

Then the Volterra–Fredholm integral Equation (37), admits a unique solution $s^{\ast }\in {\Delta }_t$, and the iterative sequence given below,

$$x_{n+1}(\omega ,\kappa )=f(\omega ,\kappa ,l\left(x_n(\omega ,\kappa )\right))+{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,x_n(a,b))dadb,$$

(38)

converges uniformly to $s^{\ast }$.

Theorem 5.

Let $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ and $\left\{u_n^{\ast }\right\}$ be the approximate sequences initiated by (17). Suppose that the assumptions $(A_1-A_6)$ of the Lemma 7 are fulfilled. Then the Volterra–Fredholm integral Equation (37) admits a unique solution $s^{\ast }\in {\Delta }_t$, and $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ initiated by (17) converges strongly to $s^{\ast }$.

Proof. 

Let $\left\{s_n^{\ast }\right\}$ and $\left\{u_n^{\ast }\right\}$ be the approximate sequences initiated by (17). Let $G:{\Delta }_t\to {\Delta }_t$ be a mapping defined by

$$G\left(x(\omega ,\kappa )\right)=f(\omega ,\kappa ,l\left(x(\omega ,\kappa )\right))+{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,x(a,b))dadb.$$

(39)

We substantiate that $s_n^{\ast }\to 0$ as $n\to \infty$. Employing (17), we acquire

$$\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t=\underset{\omega ,\kappa \in {\mathbb{R}}_{+}}{sup}\left(|G\left({\eta }_n^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)-G\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|e^{-t(\omega +\kappa )}\right).$$

Next, we estimate

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \left|G\right({\eta }_n^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa ))& -G\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|\hfill \\ \hfill & \le |f(\omega ,\kappa ,l\left({\eta }_n^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right))-f(\omega ,\kappa ,l\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right))|\hfill \\ \hfill & +|{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,{\eta }_n^{\ast }(a,b))dadb-{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,s^{\ast }(a,b))dadb|\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_f|l\left({\eta }_n^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)-l\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|\hfill \\ \hfill & +{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }|\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,{\eta }_n^{\ast }(a,b))-\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,s^{\ast }(a,b))|dadb\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_f{\delta }_l{\parallel {\eta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}\hfill \\ \hfill & +{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }{\delta }_{\zeta }(\omega ,\kappa ,a,b)|{\eta }_n^{\ast }(a,b)-s^{\ast }(a,b)|dadb\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_f{\delta }_l\parallel {\eta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}+\delta {\parallel {\eta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}\hfill \\ \hfill & =({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ){\parallel {\eta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}.\hfill \end{array}$$

Thus, we have

$$\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le ({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ){\parallel {\eta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(40)

In a similar fashion, from (17), we obtain

$$\parallel {\eta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le ({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ){\parallel {\theta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(41)

Taking into consideration (40) and (41), we obtain

$$\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le {({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta )}^2{\parallel {\theta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(42)

Moreover,

$$\parallel {\theta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t=\underset{\omega ,\kappa \in {\mathbb{R}}_{+}}{sup}\left(|G((1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)(\omega ,\kappa ))-G\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|e^{-t(\omega +\kappa )}\right).$$

Now, we estimate

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill & |G((1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)(\omega ,\kappa ))-G\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|\hfill \\ \hfill & \le |f(\omega ,\kappa ,l((1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)(\omega ,\kappa )))-f(\omega ,\kappa ,l\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right))|\hfill \\ \hfill & +|{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,((1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right))(a,b)dadb\hfill \\ \hfill & -{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,s^{\ast }(a,b))dadb|\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_f|l((1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)(\omega ,\kappa ))-l\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|\hfill \\ \hfill & +{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\left|\zeta \right(\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,((1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right))(a,b)-\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,s^{\ast }(a,b))|dadb\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_f{\delta }_l{\parallel (1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}\hfill \\ \hfill & +{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }{\delta }_{\zeta }(\omega ,\kappa ,a,b)|(1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)(a,b)-s^{\ast }(a,b)|dadb\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_f{\delta }_l\parallel (1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}+\delta {\parallel (1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}\hfill \\ \hfill & =({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ){\parallel (1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}.\hfill \end{array}$$

(43)

Thus, we get

$$\parallel {\theta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le ({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ){\parallel (1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(44)

Also,

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \parallel (1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t& \le \parallel (1-r_n)({\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast })+r_n(G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }){\parallel }_t\hfill \\ \hfill & \le (1-r_n)\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t+r_n{\parallel G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.\hfill \end{array}$$

(45)

Now,

$$\parallel G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-G\left(s^{\ast }\right){\parallel }_t=\underset{\omega ,\kappa \in {\mathbb{R}}_{+}}{sup}\left(|G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)-G\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|e^{-t(\omega +\kappa )}\right),$$

(46)

and

$$\begin{array}{cc}\hfill & |G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right))(\omega ,\kappa ))-G\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|\hfill \\ \hfill & \le |f(\omega ,\kappa ,l\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right))-f(\omega ,\kappa ,l\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right))|\hfill \\ \hfill & +|{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,{\mu }_n^{\ast }(a,b))dadb-{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,s^{\ast }(a,b))dadb|\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_f|l\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)-l\left(s^{\ast }(\omega ,\kappa )\right)|\hfill \\ \hfill & +{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }|\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,{\mu }_n^{\ast }(a,b))-\zeta (\omega ,\kappa ,a,b,s^{\ast }(a,b))|dadb\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_f{\delta }_l\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}+{\int }_0^{\omega }{\int }_0^{\kappa }{\delta }_{\zeta }(\omega ,\kappa ,a,b)|{\mu }_n^{\ast }(a,b)-s^{\ast }(a,b)|dadb\hfill \\ \hfill & \le {\delta }_f{\delta }_l\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}+\delta {\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}\hfill \\ \hfill & =({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ){\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t{e}^{t(\omega +\kappa )}.\hfill \end{array}$$

(47)

Thus, from (47), (46) becomes

$$\parallel G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-G\left(s^{\ast }\right){\parallel }_t\le ({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ){\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(48)

Taking into consideration (45) and (48), we obtain

$$\parallel (1-r_n){\mu }_n^{\ast }+r_{n}G\left({\mu }_n^{\ast }\right)-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le [1-r_n(1-({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ))]{\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(49)

From (44) and (49), we acquire

$$\parallel {\theta }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le ({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta )[1-r_n(1-({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ))]{\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(50)

By utilizing (50), (42) becomes

$$\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le {({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta )}^3[1-r_n(1-({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ))]{\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(51)

In the same manner, we estimate from (17) that

$$\parallel {\mu }_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le ({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta )[1-p_n(1-({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ))]{\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(52)

Thus, from (51) and (52), we obtain

$$\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le {({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta )}^4[1-r_n(1-({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ))][1-p_n(1-({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ))]{\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t.$$

(53)

Revoking $\left(A_6\right)$, we have ${\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta <1$ and since $p_n\in [0,1]$, then by induction, we deduce that

$$\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le {\parallel s_0^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t\prod _{i=0}^n[1-r_i(1-({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ))].$$

(54)

Utilizing the fact that $1-k\le \frac{1}{e^k}$ for all $k\in [0,1]$, we acquire

$$\parallel s_{n+1}^{\ast }-s^{\ast }{\parallel }_t\le {\parallel s_0^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t{e}^{[-r_i(1-({\delta }_f{\delta }_l+\delta ))]{\sum }_{i=0}^n{r}_i},$$

(55)

which turns into $\underset{n\to \infty }{lim}{\parallel s_n^{\ast }-s^{\ast }\parallel }_t=0$. □

6. Concluding Remarks

A new Yosida inclusion problem, involving $\mathcal{A}$-relaxed co-accretive mapping, called the generalized Yosida inclusion problem has been developed. The existence of a solution for generalized Yosida inclusion, using the technique of resolvent, is investigated. A four-step iterative scheme is proposed and its convergence analysis is discussed. In addition, the stability of the proposed scheme has been reported. An equivalence of the generalized Yosida inclusion to analogous generalized resolvent equation has been established. The convergence of the developed scheme has been analyzed to investigate the generalized resolvent equation. Theoretical results are exemplified. Finally, the generalized resolvent equation is investigated by using the generalized Yosida inclusion problem, and we employed our developed methods to investigate the approximate solution of the Volterra–Fredholm differential equation.