Case Study Comparing Effects of Microplastic Derived from Bottle Caps Collected in Two Cities on Triticum aestivum (Wheat)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Microplastic
2.2. Wheat Plant Cultivation
2.3. Exposure Scenarios
2.4. Measurement of Root and Shoot Length
2.5. Oxidative Stress Status
2.5.1. Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation
2.5.2. Measurement of Catalase Activity
2.6. Statistical Tests
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Length of Root and Shoot
3.2. Oxidative Stress Status
3.3. Potential Relationship between MP Toxicity and Environmental Factors
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Singapore | Lahti | |
---|---|---|
Ave temperature [°C] | 26.7 min 25.8 (January) max 27.4 (May) | 5.2 min −6.3 (January) max 18 (July) |
Ave temperature variation [°C] | 1.3 | 24.3 |
Sunshine [Ave h yr−1] | 2064 | 1860 |
UV-Index | 7–9 | 1–5 |
Precipitation [mm yr−1] | 2366 | 691 |
Acidity [pH] | 4.2 | 5.5 |
Rain [Days yr−1] | 102 | 206 |
Humidity [%] | 84 | 80 |
Köppen-Geiger classification | Af tropical rainforest climate | Dfb continental climate |
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Pflugmacher, S.; Tallinen, S.; Mitrovic, S.M.; Penttinen, O.-P.; Kim, Y.-J.; Kim, S.; Esterhuizen, M. Case Study Comparing Effects of Microplastic Derived from Bottle Caps Collected in Two Cities on Triticum aestivum (Wheat). Environments 2021, 8, 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8070064
Pflugmacher S, Tallinen S, Mitrovic SM, Penttinen O-P, Kim Y-J, Kim S, Esterhuizen M. Case Study Comparing Effects of Microplastic Derived from Bottle Caps Collected in Two Cities on Triticum aestivum (Wheat). Environments. 2021; 8(7):64. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8070064
Chicago/Turabian StylePflugmacher, Stephan, Saila Tallinen, Simon M. Mitrovic, Olli-Pekka Penttinen, Young-Jun Kim, Sanghun Kim, and Maranda Esterhuizen. 2021. "Case Study Comparing Effects of Microplastic Derived from Bottle Caps Collected in Two Cities on Triticum aestivum (Wheat)" Environments 8, no. 7: 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8070064