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Environments, Volume 12, Issue 11 (November 2025) – 3 articles

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31 pages, 3343 KB  
Article
Assessing Pollution and Diatom-Based Bioindicators in the Arieș River, Romania
by Mirel Glevitzky, Mihai Teopent Corcheş and Doriana Maria Popa
Environments 2025, 12(11), 398; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments12110398 (registering DOI) - 22 Oct 2025
Abstract
The Arieș River, in the Apuseni Mountains of Romania, has been historically impacted by gold mining, resulting in elevated concentrations of metal trace elements. This study assessed the river’s ecological status between 2022 and 2024 by integrating physico-chemical parameters at four sites and [...] Read more.
The Arieș River, in the Apuseni Mountains of Romania, has been historically impacted by gold mining, resulting in elevated concentrations of metal trace elements. This study assessed the river’s ecological status between 2022 and 2024 by integrating physico-chemical parameters at four sites and diatom-based bioindicators at the same sites in 2024 across monitoring sectors. Key results showed strong mining influence downstream of Baia de Arieș, with episodic acidification (pH down to 5.7), elevated conductivity (>400 μS/cm), and notable exceedances in metal trace elements, particularly Cu (up to 237 μg/L) and Cd (up to 4.18 μg/L). Analysis showed a dominance of α-mesosaprobic taxa (e.g., Amphora ovalis, Navicula cryptocephala, Nitzschia inconspicua), including teratological forms, at polluted sites, while sensitive species persisted upstream. Multivariate analyses indicated that metal trace elements and nutrients are the main drivers of chemical and biological patterns. These findings highlight diatoms as sensitive bioindicators of mining-related impacts. Incorporating diatom-based monitoring into management strategies can support early detection of pollution and more effective protection of freshwater ecosystems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Risk Assessment of Aquatic Environments)
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22 pages, 4375 KB  
Article
Bioclimatic Conditions of the Kapshagay Reservoir Under Climate Change Conditions
by Aikerim Kerimkul, Pablo Fdez-Arroyabe, Aiman Nyssanbayeva, Azamat Madibekov, Gulnur Musralinova, Gulnar Orakova and Nazerke Maikhina
Environments 2025, 12(11), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments12110397 (registering DOI) - 22 Oct 2025
Abstract
The assessment of bioclimatic conditions and meteorological parameters—such as air temperature and precipitation—helps identify optimal periods for various activities, considering regional and individual factors. Climatic and bioclimatic conditions are major factors influencing human health and daily activity. These factors are instrumental in determining [...] Read more.
The assessment of bioclimatic conditions and meteorological parameters—such as air temperature and precipitation—helps identify optimal periods for various activities, considering regional and individual factors. Climatic and bioclimatic conditions are major factors influencing human health and daily activity. These factors are instrumental in determining the quality of life, the state of health, and the overall well-being of individuals. The analysis of meteorological parameters, including air temperature, humidity, and precipitation, facilitates the evaluation of climatic comfort across diverse regions. Bioclimatic studies are instrumental in identifying zones with favorable or unfavorable living conditions, a matter of particular importance in the planning of urban development and the formulation of landscaping and gardening measures. The study aims to assess the bioclimatic conditions prevailing in the Almaty region. It focuses on the Kapshagay Reservoir during the period 1990–2020, applying commonly used biometeorological indices. The software product ClimPACT2, which was developed for the analysis of extreme phenomena and weather changes, was utilized for the calculations. The primary meteorological indicators, specifically temperature and precipitation, were selected for the calculation of climatic indices. The observed spatial and temporal trends of climate change in the study area were analyzed. The findings indicated a substantial increase in the frequency of warm days and nights, concurrently accompanied by a decline in the occurrence of cold days and nights. The identified trends indicate a marked warming of the climate, which may have serious consequences for ecosystems and human activities. The analysis also revealed a significant increase in total annual precipitation in coastal zones. Full article
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26 pages, 5508 KB  
Article
Assessing Avoided Burden and Net Environmental Impact by Recycling and Repurposing of Retiring Wind Turbines
by Mrittika Kabir, Michael H. Young, Gürcan Gülen and Shweta Singh
Environments 2025, 12(11), 396; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments12110396 - 22 Oct 2025
Abstract
Wind turbines are reaching end-of-life in increasing volumes, presenting a growing sustainability challenge. In the United States, prevailing waste management practices, primarily landfilling, undermine circular economy objectives by discarding recoverable materials and energy. This study applies life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify 16 [...] Read more.
Wind turbines are reaching end-of-life in increasing volumes, presenting a growing sustainability challenge. In the United States, prevailing waste management practices, primarily landfilling, undermine circular economy objectives by discarding recoverable materials and energy. This study applies life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify 16 midpoint environmental impacts across three end-of-life pathways—landfilling, recycling, and repurposing—of major turbine components (steel, concrete, and composite blades). An avoided burden approach is used to quantify environmental credits from substituting recovered materials for virgin equivalents. Results show that nearly all recycling and repurposing pathways outperform landfilling across most impact categories. Mechanical recycling of both glass and carbon fiber blades performed better than landfilling in all 16 categories, while pyrolysis and solvolysis improved outcomes in 14–15 of 16 categories (CO2 eq emissions were higher for pyrolysis and solvolysis than for the landfilling option). Repurposing blades likewise showed broad advantages (15 of 16 categories; ozone depletion was slightly higher), extending material lifetimes before waste treatment. For conventional materials, steel and concrete recycling reduced impacts in most categories, with concrete outperforming landfilling in 15 of 16 categories (marine eutrophication was nearly equal to the landfilling option). The only mixed pathway was cement co-processing of GFRP, which split evenly between benefits and burdens. Sensitivity analysis underscores that improving the quality of recovered materials is critical to maximizing environmental benefits. Overall, both recycling and repurposing offer substantial environmental advantages over landfilling, reinforcing the importance of circular end-of-life strategies in sustaining wind energy across its full life cycle. Full article
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