Cumulative Trauma and Trauma Symptoms: A Three-Way Interaction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Theoretical Framework: The Conservation of Resources Theory
1.2. Perceived Social Support and Self Compassion as Resources
1.3. The Interplay between Perceived Social Support and Self Compassion
1.4. The Present Study
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and Procedure
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. Trauma Symptom Checklist-40 (TSC-40)
2.2.2. The Trauma History Screen (THS)
2.2.3. The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS)
2.2.4. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)
2.3. Data Preparatory Strategy
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Analyses
3.2. Moderator Analyses
4. Discussion
4.1. Implications
4.1.1. Future Research
4.1.2. Mental and Public Health Professionals
4.2. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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M(SD) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Traumatic symptoms | 27.37 (20.77) | 1 | |||||
2. Cumulative Trauma | 3.01 (2.23) | 0.35 * | 1 | ||||
3. Self-Compassion | 3.15 (0.64) | −0.51 * | −0.15 * | 1 | |||
4. Perceived Social Support | 5.17 (1.31) | −0.29 * | −0.04 | 0.28 * | 1 | ||
5. Age | 23.10 (3.97) | 0.04 | 0.20 * | 0.07 | −0.03 | 1 | |
6. Gender | −0.20 * | −0.15 * | 0.11 * | 0.02 | −0.04 | 1 |
Predictor | B | SE | p |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | −4.57 | 1.45 | 0.002 |
Age | 0.11 | 0.18 | 0.557 |
Cumulative Trauma (CT) | 2.62 | 4.35 | 0.000 |
Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) | −2.73 | 0.58 | 0.000 |
Self-Compassion (SC) | −13.76 | 1.20 | 0.000 |
CT × SC | −1.05 | 0.55 | 0.058 |
CT × MSPSS | 0.14 | 0.27 | 0.596 |
SC × MSPSS | 0.44 | 0.81 | 0.590 |
CT × SC × MSPSS | −0.70 | 0.34 | 0.040 |
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Xue, F.; Suh, H.N.; Rice, K.G.; Ashby, J.S. Cumulative Trauma and Trauma Symptoms: A Three-Way Interaction. Behav. Sci. 2023, 13, 576. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13070576
Xue F, Suh HN, Rice KG, Ashby JS. Cumulative Trauma and Trauma Symptoms: A Three-Way Interaction. Behavioral Sciences. 2023; 13(7):576. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13070576
Chicago/Turabian StyleXue, Fang, Han Na Suh, Kenneth G. Rice, and Jeffrey S. Ashby. 2023. "Cumulative Trauma and Trauma Symptoms: A Three-Way Interaction" Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 7: 576. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13070576