Numerical Simulation of Densification of Cu–Al Mixed Metal Powder during Axial Compaction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Experiments
2.3. Finite Element Model and Simulation Conditions
2.4. Compaction Equations
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effects of Apparent Density of Mixed Powder and Al Content on Powder Compact
3.2. Effect of Compaction Pressure
3.3. Effect of Die Wall Friction on Densification Behavior
3.4. Effect of Dwell Time on Densification Behavior
3.5. Analysis of Height–Diameter Ratio
3.6. Analysis of Spring Back after Ejection
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgements
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Conditions | Heckel Equation | Huang Equation | |||||
A1 | B1 | R2 | A2 | B2 | R2 | ||
Simulation | Double-action | 0.00378 | 1.30137 | 0.97436 | 1.52294 | 2.05193 | 0.98787 |
Single-action | 0.00292 | 1.3023 | 0.94952 | 1.57587 | 2.14504 | 0.97542 | |
Experiment | Double-action | 0.00406 | 1.25815 | 0.97312 | 1.39128 | 2.07034 | 0.98021 |
Single-action | 0.00328 | 1.24988 | 0.94236 | 1.38011 | 2.15883 | 0.96869 | |
Conditions | Balshin Equation | Van Der Zwan–Siskens Equation | |||||
A3 | B3 | R2 | A4 | B4 | R2 | ||
Simulation | Double-action | −0.13365 | 1.85538 | 0.97712 | 0.97746 | −43.75487 | 0.99769 |
Single-action | −0.13155 | 1.87319 | 0.97431 | 0.92471 | −45.71933 | 0.99754 | |
Experiment | Double-action | −0.14395 | 1.90943 | 0.96719 | 1.0068 | −49.6389 | 0.99584 |
Single-action | −0.14731 | 1.955 | 0.96683 | 0.9732 | −54.88447 | 0.99572 |
Van Der Zwan–Siskens Equation: | |||
---|---|---|---|
μ | A4 | B4 | R2 |
0.1 | 1.01041 | −42.81596 | 0.9963 |
0.2 | 0.99003 | −46.29819 | 0.99694 |
0.3 | 0.97149 | −50.23743 | 0.99694 |
0.4 | 0.95375 | −54.11138 | 0.99729 |
0.5 | 0.94091 | −58.18739 | 0.99748 |
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Wang, W.; Qi, H.; Liu, P.; Zhao, Y.; Chang, H. Numerical Simulation of Densification of Cu–Al Mixed Metal Powder during Axial Compaction. Metals 2018, 8, 537. https://doi.org/10.3390/met8070537
Wang W, Qi H, Liu P, Zhao Y, Chang H. Numerical Simulation of Densification of Cu–Al Mixed Metal Powder during Axial Compaction. Metals. 2018; 8(7):537. https://doi.org/10.3390/met8070537
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Wenchao, Hui Qi, Pingan Liu, Yuanbo Zhao, and Hao Chang. 2018. "Numerical Simulation of Densification of Cu–Al Mixed Metal Powder during Axial Compaction" Metals 8, no. 7: 537. https://doi.org/10.3390/met8070537