2022 September - 14 articles
Subtelomeres (ST) are chromosome regions that separate telomeres from euchromatin and play relevant roles in various biological processes of the cell. While their functions are conserved, ST structure and genetic compositions are unique to each speci...
The polycomb group (PcG) proteins are a subset of transcription regulators highly conserved throughout evolution. Their principal role is to epigenetically modify chromatin landscapes and control the expression of master transcriptional programs to d...
Cannabis is one of the most commonly used and abused illicit drugs in the world today. The United States (US) currently has the highest annual prevalence rate of cannabis consumption in the world, 17.9% in individuals aged 12 or older, and it is on t...
Meiosis is specialized cell division during gametogenesis that produces genetically unique gametes via homologous recombination. Meiotic homologous recombination entails repairing programmed 200–300 DNA double-strand breaks generated during the...
Every cell of an organism shares the same genome; even so, each cellular lineage owns a different transcriptome and proteome. The Polycomb group proteins (PcG) are essential regulators of gene repression patterning during development and homeostasis....
Cytosine methylation adjacent to adenine, thymine, and cytosine residues but not guanine of the DNA is distinctively known as non-CpG methylation. This CA/CT/CC methylation accounts for 15% of the total cytosine methylation and varies among different...
Embryonic development is a highly intricate and complex process. Different regulatory mechanisms cooperatively dictate the fate of cells as they progress from pluripotent stem cells to terminally differentiated cell types in tissues. A crucial regula...
In eukaryotes, genomic DNA is bound with histone proteins and packaged into chromatin. The nucleosome, a fundamental unit of chromatin, regulates the accessibility of DNA to enzymes involved in gene regulation. During the past few years, structural a...
Rare diseases affect more than 300 million people worldwide. Diagnosing rare diseases is a major challenge as they have different causes and etiologies. Careful assessment of clinical symptoms often leads to the testing of the most common genetic alt...
Mitotic chromosome assembly is an essential preparatory step for accurate transmission of the genome during cell division. During the past decades, biochemical approaches have uncovered the molecular basis of mitotic chromosomes. For example, by usin...
This report summarizes the proceedings of the inaugural Clinical Epigenetics Conference that was held in Szczecin, Poland, from 8 June 2022. With focus on epigenetic diseases whose causes, progression, and prognosis are associated with aberrant epige...
Epigenomic modifications are unique in the type and amount of chemical modification at each chromosomal location, can vary from cell to cell, and can be externally modulated by small molecules. In recent years, genome-wide epigenomic modifications ha...
Transcriptional suppression is characteristic of extreme stress responses, speculated to preserve energetic resources in the maintenance of hypometabolism. In recent years, epigenetic regulation has become heavily implicated in stress adaptation of m...
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causal agent of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19). Both mutation and/or recombination events in the SARS-CoV-2 genome have resulted in variants that differ in transmissibility an...
