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Volume 14
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10.3390/diagnostics14010071
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Article

Improved Cervical Lymph Node Characterization among Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using MR Texture Analysis Compared to Traditional FDG-PET/MR Features Alone

by
Eric K. van Staalduinen
1,2,
Robert Matthews
2,
Adam Khan
2,
Isha Punn
2,
Renee F. Cattell
2,
Haifang Li
2,
Ana Franceschi
2,
Ghassan J. Samara
2,
Lukasz Czerwonka
2,
Lev Bangiyev
2 and
Tim Q. Duong
1,*
1
Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
2
Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Radiology, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2024, 14(1), 71; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14010071
Submission received: 28 November 2023 / Revised: 24 December 2023 / Accepted: 26 December 2023 / Published: 28 December 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Artificial Intelligence in Radiological Imaging Analysis and Diagnosis)
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Abstract

Accurate differentiation of benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes is important for prognosis and treatment planning in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance image (MRI) texture analysis and traditional 18F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) features. This retrospective study included 21 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We used texture analysis of MRI and FDG-PET features to evaluate 109 histologically confirmed cervical lymph nodes (41 metastatic, 68 benign). Predictive models were evaluated using area under the curve (AUC). Significant differences were observed between benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes for 36 of 41 texture features (p < 0.05). A combination of 22 MRI texture features discriminated benign and malignant nodal disease with AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.952, 92.7%, and 86.7%, which was comparable to maximum short-axis diameter, lymph node morphology, and maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax). The addition of MRI texture features to traditional FDG-PET features differentiated these groups with the greatest AUC, sensitivity, and specificity (0.989, 97.5%, and 94.1%). The addition of the MRI texture feature to lymph node morphology improved nodal assessment specificity from 70.6% to 88.2% among FDG-PET indeterminate lymph nodes. Texture features are useful for differentiating benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Lymph node morphology and SUVmax remain accurate tools. Specificity is improved by the addition of MRI texture features among FDG-PET indeterminate lymph nodes. This approach is useful for differentiating benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes.
Keywords: texture analysis; cervical lymphadenopathy; PET-MRI; squamous cell carcinoma; machine learning texture analysis; cervical lymphadenopathy; PET-MRI; squamous cell carcinoma; machine learning

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MDPI and ACS Style

van Staalduinen, E.K.; Matthews, R.; Khan, A.; Punn, I.; Cattell, R.F.; Li, H.; Franceschi, A.; Samara, G.J.; Czerwonka, L.; Bangiyev, L.; et al. Improved Cervical Lymph Node Characterization among Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using MR Texture Analysis Compared to Traditional FDG-PET/MR Features Alone. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14010071

AMA Style

van Staalduinen EK, Matthews R, Khan A, Punn I, Cattell RF, Li H, Franceschi A, Samara GJ, Czerwonka L, Bangiyev L, et al. Improved Cervical Lymph Node Characterization among Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using MR Texture Analysis Compared to Traditional FDG-PET/MR Features Alone. Diagnostics. 2024; 14(1):71. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14010071

Chicago/Turabian Style

van Staalduinen, Eric K., Robert Matthews, Adam Khan, Isha Punn, Renee F. Cattell, Haifang Li, Ana Franceschi, Ghassan J. Samara, Lukasz Czerwonka, Lev Bangiyev, and et al. 2024. "Improved Cervical Lymph Node Characterization among Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using MR Texture Analysis Compared to Traditional FDG-PET/MR Features Alone" Diagnostics 14, no. 1: 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14010071

APA Style

van Staalduinen, E. K., Matthews, R., Khan, A., Punn, I., Cattell, R. F., Li, H., Franceschi, A., Samara, G. J., Czerwonka, L., Bangiyev, L., & Duong, T. Q. (2024). Improved Cervical Lymph Node Characterization among Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using MR Texture Analysis Compared to Traditional FDG-PET/MR Features Alone. Diagnostics, 14(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14010071

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