Environmental Benefits of Ultra-Low Emission (ULE) Technology Applied in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data Source, Method and Model Description
2.1. Data Source and Method
2.2. Simulation Scenario Design
2.2.1. Emissions Calculation
2.2.2. Scenario Design
2.3. Model Description and Sensitivity Tests
3. Pollutant Reduction Potential
3.1. Regional Sector Emission Reduction
3.2. Regional Emission Reduction
4. Environmental Benefits of ULE
4.1. Benefits of Primary Pollutant Emission Reduction
4.2. Benefits of Secondary Pollutant Emission Reduction
4.3. Environmental Benefits of NH3 Emission Reduction
4.4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Data | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|
The emission factor of CPPs that install ULE facilities | ULE emission factors of CPPs in China (EFSO2 = 0.17 g/Kg, EFNOx = 0.41 g/Kg, EFPM = 0.03 g/Kg) | Liu et al., (2019) [20] |
Coal consumption data | Raw coal consumption in power plants and industries in different provinces in 2015 (detailed classification of the power and industrial sectors is listed in Table S1). | China Energy Statistics Yearbook [21] |
Multi-Resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC) | The MEIC data on spatial distribution and seasonal variation of pollutants as well as total NOx, SO2, PM emissions from power plants and industrial sectors were used. | MEIC [7,22] |
Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies (GAINS) | The GAINS inventory provides provincial-level emission data for 11 detailed sectors (details are listed in Table S2). The GAINS data on pollutant emissions from different fuel types in the power sector and industrial combustion and industrial processes and production in the industrial sector were used. | GAINS [23,24] |
Scenarios | Scenario Description | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Power | Industry | NH3 | ||
STD | The standard scenario | |||
CPPs-ULE | ULE assembled in coal-fired power plants over China. | ULE | ||
CPPs-ICB-ULE | ULE assembled in coal-fired power plants and industrial boilers over China. | ULE | ULE | |
CPPs-ULE-NH3-30% | ULE assembled in coal-fired power plants with NH3 reduced by 30% over China. | ULE | Reduced by 30% | |
CPPs-ULE-NH3-50% | ULE assembled in coal-fired power plants with NH3 reduced by 50% over China. | ULE | Reduced by 50% | |
CPPs-ICB-ULE-NH3-30% | ULE assembled in coal-fired power plants and industrial boilers with NH3 reduced by 30% over China. | ULE | ULE | Reduced by 30% |
CPPs-ICB-ULE-NH3-50% | ULE assembled in coal-fired power plants and industrial boilers with NH3 reduced by 50% over China. | ULE | ULE | Reduced by 50% |
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Jiao, X.; Ni, R.; Chen, L.; Adeniran, J.A.; Weng, H.; Wang, J.; Chen, Y.; Ren, S.; Liu, X. Environmental Benefits of Ultra-Low Emission (ULE) Technology Applied in China. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 1693. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121693
Jiao X, Ni R, Chen L, Adeniran JA, Weng H, Wang J, Chen Y, Ren S, Liu X. Environmental Benefits of Ultra-Low Emission (ULE) Technology Applied in China. Atmosphere. 2021; 12(12):1693. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121693
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiao, Xiaomiao, Ruijing Ni, Lulu Chen, Jamiu Adetayo Adeniran, Hongjian Weng, Jingxu Wang, Youfan Chen, Shihua Ren, and Xiao Liu. 2021. "Environmental Benefits of Ultra-Low Emission (ULE) Technology Applied in China" Atmosphere 12, no. 12: 1693. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121693