Sterol Glucosyltransferases Tailor Polysaccharide Accumulation in Arabidopsis Seed Coat Epidermal Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Materials
2.2. Seed Flotation
2.3. Cytochemical Staining and Immunolabeling of Seed Mucilage
2.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Measurement of Radial Cell Wall Width
2.5. Extraction of Mucilage Polysaccharides
2.6. Chemical and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Mucilage Extracts
2.7. Analysis of Fluorescent Probe Permeability and Mobility in Inner Mucilage
3. Results
3.1. tt15 Seeds Float Due to Defective Mucilage Release
3.2. UGT80B1 Is Necessary for Fragmentation of the Outer Cell Wall of Seed Coat Epidermal Cells
3.3. tt15 Seeds Exhibit Delayed and Heterogeneous Mucilage Release
3.4. HG Methylesterification Is Conserved in Outer Cell Wall Fragments from tt15 Seed Coat Epidermal Cells
3.5. Secondary Thickening of Epidermal Cell Radial Walls Is Increased in tt15 Seeds
3.6. The Accumulation of Seed Mucilage Polysaccharides Is Modified in Both tt15 and ugt80A2 Mutants
3.7. The Density of the Inner Mucilage Polysaccharide Network Is Altered by Mutation of Sterol Glucosyl Transferases
4. Discussion
4.1. UGT80A2 and UGT80B1 Sterol Glucosyltransferases Influence the Accumulation of Mucilage Polysaccharides
4.2. Steryl Glucosides Produced by UGT80A2 and UGT80B1 Modulate the Density of the Inner Mucilage Polymer Network
4.3. Differences in Seed Size Can Mask Mutation Effects on Seed Constituents
4.4. SG and ASG Synthesized by UGT80B1 Impact Cell Wall Components in Seed Coat Epidermal Cells
4.5. Mucilage Release Phenotypes Caused by TT15 Mutation Exhibit Variable Penetrance and Expressivity
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Genotype | Biological Replicate 1 | Biological Replicate 2 |
---|---|---|
Wild type Ws-4 1 | 0.0306 (±0.0003) | 0.0228 (±0.0002) |
tt15-2 ugt80A2-3 1 | 0.0329 (±0.0003) *** | 0.0291 (±0.0006) * |
tt15-2 ugt80A2-3 2 | 0.0341 (±0.0005) *** | 0.0240 (±0.0003) *** |
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Berger, A.; Ralet, M.-C.; Akary, E.; Sallé, C.; Grandjean, O.; Debeaujon, I.; North, H.M. Sterol Glucosyltransferases Tailor Polysaccharide Accumulation in Arabidopsis Seed Coat Epidermal Cells. Cells 2021, 10, 2546. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102546
Berger A, Ralet M-C, Akary E, Sallé C, Grandjean O, Debeaujon I, North HM. Sterol Glucosyltransferases Tailor Polysaccharide Accumulation in Arabidopsis Seed Coat Epidermal Cells. Cells. 2021; 10(10):2546. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102546
Chicago/Turabian StyleBerger, Adeline, Marie-Christine Ralet, Elodie Akary, Christine Sallé, Olivier Grandjean, Isabelle Debeaujon, and Helen M. North. 2021. "Sterol Glucosyltransferases Tailor Polysaccharide Accumulation in Arabidopsis Seed Coat Epidermal Cells" Cells 10, no. 10: 2546. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102546