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Nutrients
Volume 15
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10.3390/nu15010043
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Article

In-Season Consumption of Locally Produced Tomatoes Decreases Cardiovascular Risk Indices

by
Ma. Josefina Ruiz de Azua
1,
Álvaro Cruz-Carrión
1,
Begoña Muguerza
1,
Gerard Aragonès
1,
Anna Arola-Arnal
1,
María Paz Romero
2,
Francisca Isabel Bravo
1,* and
Manuel Suarez
1,*
1
Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
2
Antioxidants Research Group, Food Technology Department, Agrotecnio AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, University of Lleida, Av/Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2023, 15(1), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15010043
Submission received: 18 November 2022 / Revised: 17 December 2022 / Accepted: 18 December 2022 / Published: 22 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Phytochemicals and Human Health)
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Abstract

Tomatoes are widely consumed worldwide at any time of the year. However, depending on the variety, they have a characteristic season. We evaluated the consequences metabolic of consumption of Ekstasis tomatoes from different geographical origin and in different seasons in Fischer 344 rats. The hepatic gene expression of key enzymes in lipid metabolism was also evaluated. Animals were classified in three photoperiods (L6, L12, and L18) and in three treatments (vehicle: VH; local tomato: LT; and non-local tomato: nLT). We measured serum metabolic parameters and the gene expression of liver enzymes related to lipid metabolism (Acc1, Cpt1a, Had, Fas1, Srebp-1c, Fatp5, Cd36). LT consumption in season decreased cardiovascular risk 1 and coefficient atherogenic by 1.81 (p = 0.031) and in L6 decreased TAG and glucose (p = 0.046; p = 0.024). The L18-LT animals had decreased total cholesterol (p = 0.029) and gene expression of Srebp1-c (p = 0.022) but increased expression of Acc1 (p = 0.032). The treatments significantly affected the expression of Acc1 and Fas1 in the liver and the levels of serum TAG and glucose. A significant effect of photoperiod on serum concentration of glucose, insulin, HOMA index, and on the hepatic expression of Srep1-c, Fas1, and Acc1 was observed.
Keywords: cardiovascular risk; lycopene; phenolic compounds; season; tomato; xenohormesis cardiovascular risk; lycopene; phenolic compounds; season; tomato; xenohormesis
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ruiz de Azua, M.J.; Cruz-Carrión, Á.; Muguerza, B.; Aragonès, G.; Arola-Arnal, A.; Romero, M.P.; Bravo, F.I.; Suarez, M. In-Season Consumption of Locally Produced Tomatoes Decreases Cardiovascular Risk Indices. Nutrients 2023, 15, 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15010043

AMA Style

Ruiz de Azua MJ, Cruz-Carrión Á, Muguerza B, Aragonès G, Arola-Arnal A, Romero MP, Bravo FI, Suarez M. In-Season Consumption of Locally Produced Tomatoes Decreases Cardiovascular Risk Indices. Nutrients. 2023; 15(1):43. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15010043

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruiz de Azua, Ma. Josefina, Álvaro Cruz-Carrión, Begoña Muguerza, Gerard Aragonès, Anna Arola-Arnal, María Paz Romero, Francisca Isabel Bravo, and Manuel Suarez. 2023. "In-Season Consumption of Locally Produced Tomatoes Decreases Cardiovascular Risk Indices" Nutrients 15, no. 1: 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15010043

APA Style

Ruiz de Azua, M. J., Cruz-Carrión, Á., Muguerza, B., Aragonès, G., Arola-Arnal, A., Romero, M. P., Bravo, F. I., & Suarez, M. (2023). In-Season Consumption of Locally Produced Tomatoes Decreases Cardiovascular Risk Indices. Nutrients, 15(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15010043

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