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Nutrients
Volume 12
Issue 2
10.3390/nu12020518
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Article

Dietary Habits and Dietary Antioxidant Intake Are Related to Socioeconomic Status in Polish Adults: A Nationwide Study

by
Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko
1,*,†,
Anna Waśkiewicz
2,†,
Wojciech Drygas
2,3,
Alicja Cicha-Mikołajczyk
2,
Kinga Zujko
1,
Danuta Szcześniewska
2,
Krystyna Kozakiewicz
4 and
Anna Maria Witkowska
1
1
Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
2
Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
3
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Hallera 1, 90-001 Lodz, Poland
4
Division of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Ziolowa 45, 40-635 Katowice, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
M.E.Z. and A.W. contributed equally to this work.
Nutrients 2020, 12(2), 518; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020518
Submission received: 2 January 2020 / Revised: 16 February 2020 / Accepted: 17 February 2020 / Published: 18 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants for Human Health)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

The aim of this study was to estimate dietary habits and dietary antioxidant intake in a Polish adult population in relation to socioeconomic status. The subjects (4774) were participants in the Polish National Multi-Centre Health Examination Survey (the WOBASZ II study) performed in 2013–2014. Socioeconomic status (SES) scores were calculated by multiplying ordinal numerical values assigned to consecutive categories of education level and monthly income per capita in a family. In the Polish adult population, a higher socioeconomic status was significantly associated with a better lifestyle (more physical activity and less smoking), a better health status (lower occurrence of overweight individuals and metabolic syndrome in both genders, and lower occurrence of central obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in women), and better dietary habits, including a higher intake of dietary antioxidants.
Keywords: dietary habits; dietary antioxidants; socioeconomic status; population dietary habits; dietary antioxidants; socioeconomic status; population

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zujko, M.E.; Waśkiewicz, A.; Drygas, W.; Cicha-Mikołajczyk, A.; Zujko, K.; Szcześniewska, D.; Kozakiewicz, K.; Witkowska, A.M. Dietary Habits and Dietary Antioxidant Intake Are Related to Socioeconomic Status in Polish Adults: A Nationwide Study. Nutrients 2020, 12, 518. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020518

AMA Style

Zujko ME, Waśkiewicz A, Drygas W, Cicha-Mikołajczyk A, Zujko K, Szcześniewska D, Kozakiewicz K, Witkowska AM. Dietary Habits and Dietary Antioxidant Intake Are Related to Socioeconomic Status in Polish Adults: A Nationwide Study. Nutrients. 2020; 12(2):518. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020518

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zujko, Małgorzata Elżbieta, Anna Waśkiewicz, Wojciech Drygas, Alicja Cicha-Mikołajczyk, Kinga Zujko, Danuta Szcześniewska, Krystyna Kozakiewicz, and Anna Maria Witkowska. 2020. "Dietary Habits and Dietary Antioxidant Intake Are Related to Socioeconomic Status in Polish Adults: A Nationwide Study" Nutrients 12, no. 2: 518. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020518

APA Style

Zujko, M. E., Waśkiewicz, A., Drygas, W., Cicha-Mikołajczyk, A., Zujko, K., Szcześniewska, D., Kozakiewicz, K., & Witkowska, A. M. (2020). Dietary Habits and Dietary Antioxidant Intake Are Related to Socioeconomic Status in Polish Adults: A Nationwide Study. Nutrients, 12(2), 518. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020518

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