Conceptual Design Study of a Coffee Stem Gasification Scheme in the Context of a Biorefinery

Guerrero-Martin, Camilo Andrés; Prieto-Moreno, Leyder Alejandro; Arturo-Calvache, Jaime Eduardo; Camacho-Galindo, Stefanny; Guerrero-Martin, Laura Estefanía; Guerrero, William Alberto; Ando Junior, Oswaldo Hideo; Arevalo, John Carlos; Lucas, Elizabete Fernandes

doi:10.3390/en17194972

Open AccessArticle

Conceptual Design Study of a Coffee Stem Gasification Scheme in the Context of a Biorefinery

by

Camilo Andrés Guerrero-Martin

^1,2,3,*

,

Leyder Alejandro Prieto-Moreno

⁴,

Jaime Eduardo Arturo-Calvache

^4,5,*

,

Stefanny Camacho-Galindo

⁶,

Laura Estefanía Guerrero-Martin

⁶,

William Alberto Guerrero

⁶,

Oswaldo Hideo Ando Junior

⁷

,

John Carlos Arevalo

⁶ and

Elizabete Fernandes Lucas

^5,8,*

¹

Energy and Sea Research Group (Grupo de Pesquisa em Energia e Mar), Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário de Salinópolis, Salinópolis 68721-000, PA, Brazil

²

Department of Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Campus Salinópolis, Rua Raimundo Santana Cruz, 9 S/N, Bairro São Tomé, Salinópolis 68721-000, PA, Brazil

³

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, PA, Brazil

⁴

Grupo de Procesos Sostenibles, Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad de América, EcoCampus de los Cerros, Avda Circunvarlar No. 20-53, Bogotá 110311, Colombia

⁵

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Program/COPPE/LADPOL, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030, Bloco F, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil

⁶

Facultad de Ingeniería, Fundación de Educación Superior San José—Usanjose, Bogotá 110311, Colombia

⁷

Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo Agostinho (UACSA), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Cabo de Santo Agostinho 54518-430, PE, Brazil

⁸

Institute of Macromolecules/LMCP, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Moniz Aragão, 360, Bloco 8G/CT2, Rio de Janeiro 21941-594, RJ, Brazil

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Energies 2024, 17(19), 4972; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17194972

Submission received: 22 July 2024 / Revised: 21 August 2024 / Accepted: 11 September 2024 / Published: 4 October 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomass Resources to Bioenergy)

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Abstract

A conceptual design of coffee stem biomass gasification was developed using the Aspen Plus process simulator, which was analyzed based on energy criteria such as the lower heating value of the produced synthesis gas and cold gas efficiency. The results yielded a lower heating value of 5.07 kJ/MJ, with a cold gas efficiency of 77.45% and a yield of 2.75 kg gas/kg biomass, all operating under optimal conditions with studied parameters including an air-to-biomass ratio between 1.8 and 2.5, gasifying agent temperature of 260 °C, and biomass moisture content below 10%. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on the formation of the most important compounds for synthesis gas quality (H₂, CO, CO₂, H₂O, CH₄). This involved understanding the reactions occurring throughout the gasification reactor and evaluating process parameters such as feed moisture content, gasification section temperature, and the ratio between feed and gasifying agent flows to optimize the process with the aim of improving product quality and reducing residue formation. The simulation scheme was validated against experimental data, yielding results consistent with reality. This contributed valuable information towards process optimization for projects targeting the Colombian coffee sector, paving the way for future gasifier designs tailored to the quantity of raw material to be processed.

Keywords: gasification; coffee stems; biomass; lower heating value; tar; ash; gasifying agent

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MDPI and ACS Style

Guerrero-Martin, C.A.; Prieto-Moreno, L.A.; Arturo-Calvache, J.E.; Camacho-Galindo, S.; Guerrero-Martin, L.E.; Guerrero, W.A.; Ando Junior, O.H.; Arevalo, J.C.; Lucas, E.F. Conceptual Design Study of a Coffee Stem Gasification Scheme in the Context of a Biorefinery. Energies 2024, 17, 4972. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17194972

AMA Style

Guerrero-Martin CA, Prieto-Moreno LA, Arturo-Calvache JE, Camacho-Galindo S, Guerrero-Martin LE, Guerrero WA, Ando Junior OH, Arevalo JC, Lucas EF. Conceptual Design Study of a Coffee Stem Gasification Scheme in the Context of a Biorefinery. Energies. 2024; 17(19):4972. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17194972

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guerrero-Martin, Camilo Andrés, Leyder Alejandro Prieto-Moreno, Jaime Eduardo Arturo-Calvache, Stefanny Camacho-Galindo, Laura Estefanía Guerrero-Martin, William Alberto Guerrero, Oswaldo Hideo Ando Junior, John Carlos Arevalo, and Elizabete Fernandes Lucas. 2024. "Conceptual Design Study of a Coffee Stem Gasification Scheme in the Context of a Biorefinery" Energies 17, no. 19: 4972. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17194972

APA Style

Guerrero-Martin, C. A., Prieto-Moreno, L. A., Arturo-Calvache, J. E., Camacho-Galindo, S., Guerrero-Martin, L. E., Guerrero, W. A., Ando Junior, O. H., Arevalo, J. C., & Lucas, E. F. (2024). Conceptual Design Study of a Coffee Stem Gasification Scheme in the Context of a Biorefinery. Energies, 17(19), 4972. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17194972

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Conceptual Design Study of a Coffee Stem Gasification Scheme in the Context of a Biorefinery

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