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Article

Impact of CPAP Therapy Adherence on Global Cognition in Patients with Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A One-Year Follow-Up

by
Diana Raluca Velescu
1,
Monica Steluta Marc
1,2,*,
Camelia Corina Pescaru
1,2,
Daniel Traila
1,2,
Emanuela Vaștag
1,2,
Ion Papava
3,
Alexandru Catalin Motofelea
4,
Ioana Mihaiela Ciuca
5,
Diana Manolescu
1,6 and
Cristian Oancea
1,2
1
Pulmonary Department, Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
2
Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pneumophthisiology ‘Dr. Victor Babes’, 300173 Timisoara, Romania
3
Neuroscience Department, NEUROPSY—COG Center for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology, ‘Victor Babes’, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
4
Internal Medicine Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
5
Pediatric Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
6
Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Medicina 2023, 59(5), 846; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050846
Submission received: 30 March 2023 / Revised: 18 April 2023 / Accepted: 25 April 2023 / Published: 27 April 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Neurology)
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Abstract

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea increases (OSA) cognitive impairment risk. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence on global cognition using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment questionnaire (MoCA). Materials and Methods: Thirty-four new patients diagnosed with moderate or severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index AHI ≥ 15 events/h) from the CPAP group were compared with thirty-one moderate to severe OSA patients from the no-CPAP group. In addition, all patients completed the MoCA test, a patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms, and a generalized anxiety questionnaire (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, at baseline, after 6 months, and after 1 year. Results: At baseline, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding total MoCA scores, 20.9 ± 3.5 CPAP group to 19.7 ± 2.9 no-CPAP group (p = 0.159), PHQ-9 (p = 0.651), and GAD-7 (p = 0.691). After one year, improvement was observed for a total MoCA score of 22.7 ± 3.5 (p < 0.001) for the CPAP group, and significant variance of score between groups was more accentuated for delayed recall and attention (p < 0.001) sub-topic. Moreover, PHQ-9, GAD-7 scores, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) decreased significantly (p < 0.001) after CPAP therapy. The MoCA score was significantly correlated with years of education (r = 0.74, p < 0.001) and had a negative correlation with body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.34), ESS (r = −0.30) and PHQ-9 (r = −0.34). Conclusions: One year of CPAP adherence improved global cognition associated with OSA.
Keywords: cognition; obstructive sleep apnea; continuous positive airway pressure; adherence cognition; obstructive sleep apnea; continuous positive airway pressure; adherence

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MDPI and ACS Style

Velescu, D.R.; Marc, M.S.; Pescaru, C.C.; Traila, D.; Vaștag, E.; Papava, I.; Motofelea, A.C.; Ciuca, I.M.; Manolescu, D.; Oancea, C. Impact of CPAP Therapy Adherence on Global Cognition in Patients with Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A One-Year Follow-Up. Medicina 2023, 59, 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050846

AMA Style

Velescu DR, Marc MS, Pescaru CC, Traila D, Vaștag E, Papava I, Motofelea AC, Ciuca IM, Manolescu D, Oancea C. Impact of CPAP Therapy Adherence on Global Cognition in Patients with Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A One-Year Follow-Up. Medicina. 2023; 59(5):846. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050846

Chicago/Turabian Style

Velescu, Diana Raluca, Monica Steluta Marc, Camelia Corina Pescaru, Daniel Traila, Emanuela Vaștag, Ion Papava, Alexandru Catalin Motofelea, Ioana Mihaiela Ciuca, Diana Manolescu, and Cristian Oancea. 2023. "Impact of CPAP Therapy Adherence on Global Cognition in Patients with Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A One-Year Follow-Up" Medicina 59, no. 5: 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050846

APA Style

Velescu, D. R., Marc, M. S., Pescaru, C. C., Traila, D., Vaștag, E., Papava, I., Motofelea, A. C., Ciuca, I. M., Manolescu, D., & Oancea, C. (2023). Impact of CPAP Therapy Adherence on Global Cognition in Patients with Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A One-Year Follow-Up. Medicina, 59(5), 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050846

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