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Sensors
Volume 21
Issue 5
10.3390/s21051765
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Article

Evaluation of Concurrent Validity between a Smartphone Self-Test Prototype and Clinical Instruments for Balance and Leg Strength

by
Linda Mansson
1,
Pernilla Bäckman
1,
Fredrik Öhberg
2,
Jonas Sandlund
1,
Jonas Selling
1 and
Marlene Sandlund
1,*
1
Section of Physiotherapy, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
2
Department of Radiation Science, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2021, 21(5), 1765; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051765
Submission received: 27 December 2020 / Revised: 26 January 2021 / Accepted: 26 February 2021 / Published: 4 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Devices: Applications in Older Adults)
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Abstract

The evolving use of sensors to objectively assess movements is a potentially valuable addition to clinical assessments. We have developed a new self-test application prototype, MyBalance, in the context of fall prevention aimed for use by older adults in order to independently assess balance and functional leg strength. The objective of this study was to investigate the new self-test application for concurrent validity between clinical instruments and variables collected with a smartphone. The prototype has two test procedures: static standing balance test in two positions, and leg strength test performed as a sit-to-stand test. Thirty-one older adults were assessed for balance and functional leg strength, in an outpatient physiotherapy setting, using seven different clinical assessments and three sensor-tests. The results show that clinical instruments and sensor measurements correlate to a higher degree for the smartphone leg strength test. For balance tests, only a few moderate correlations were seen in the Feet Together position and no significant correlations for the Semi Tandem Stance. This study served as a first step to develop a smartphone self-test application for older adults to assess functional balance at home. Further research is needed to test validity, reliability, and user-experience of this new self-test application.
Keywords: aged; smartphone; mHealth; postural balance; muscle strength; mobile applications; validity; patient outcome assessment aged; smartphone; mHealth; postural balance; muscle strength; mobile applications; validity; patient outcome assessment

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mansson, L.; Bäckman, P.; Öhberg, F.; Sandlund, J.; Selling, J.; Sandlund, M. Evaluation of Concurrent Validity between a Smartphone Self-Test Prototype and Clinical Instruments for Balance and Leg Strength. Sensors 2021, 21, 1765. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051765

AMA Style

Mansson L, Bäckman P, Öhberg F, Sandlund J, Selling J, Sandlund M. Evaluation of Concurrent Validity between a Smartphone Self-Test Prototype and Clinical Instruments for Balance and Leg Strength. Sensors. 2021; 21(5):1765. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051765

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mansson, Linda, Pernilla Bäckman, Fredrik Öhberg, Jonas Sandlund, Jonas Selling, and Marlene Sandlund. 2021. "Evaluation of Concurrent Validity between a Smartphone Self-Test Prototype and Clinical Instruments for Balance and Leg Strength" Sensors 21, no. 5: 1765. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051765

APA Style

Mansson, L., Bäckman, P., Öhberg, F., Sandlund, J., Selling, J., & Sandlund, M. (2021). Evaluation of Concurrent Validity between a Smartphone Self-Test Prototype and Clinical Instruments for Balance and Leg Strength. Sensors, 21(5), 1765. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051765

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