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Review

Xanthones of Lichen Source: A 2016 Update

Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Equipe PNSCM, (ISCR UMR CNRS 6226), Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 2 Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043, Rennes Cédex, France
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2016, 21(3), 294; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21030294
Submission received: 25 January 2016 / Revised: 21 February 2016 / Accepted: 23 February 2016 / Published: 2 March 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coumarins, Xanthones and Related Compounds)

Abstract

An update of xanthones encountered in lichens is proposed as more than 20 new xanthones have been described since the publication of the compendium of lichen metabolites by Huneck and Yoshimura in 1996. The last decades witnessed major advances regarding the elucidation of biosynthetic schemes leading to these fascinating compounds, accounting for the unique substitution patterns of a very vast majority of lichen xanthones. Besides a comprehensive analysis of the structures of xanthones described in lichens, their bioactivities and the emerging analytical strategies used to pinpoint them within lichens are presented here together with physico-chemical properties (including NMR data) as reported since 1996.
Keywords: biosynthesis; polyketides; fungi; NMR spectroscopy; bioactivity; lichexanthone; islandicin; thiomelin; secalonic acids biosynthesis; polyketides; fungi; NMR spectroscopy; bioactivity; lichexanthone; islandicin; thiomelin; secalonic acids

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MDPI and ACS Style

Le Pogam, P.; Boustie, J. Xanthones of Lichen Source: A 2016 Update. Molecules 2016, 21, 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21030294

AMA Style

Le Pogam P, Boustie J. Xanthones of Lichen Source: A 2016 Update. Molecules. 2016; 21(3):294. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21030294

Chicago/Turabian Style

Le Pogam, Pierre, and Joël Boustie. 2016. "Xanthones of Lichen Source: A 2016 Update" Molecules 21, no. 3: 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21030294

APA Style

Le Pogam, P., & Boustie, J. (2016). Xanthones of Lichen Source: A 2016 Update. Molecules, 21(3), 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21030294

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