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  • Article
  • Open Access
361 Views
10 Pages

Control of Visual Selection During Visual Search in the Human Brain

  • Manuel C. Olma,
  • Tobias H. Donner and
  • Stephan A. Brandt

16 November 2007

How do we find a target object in a cluttered visual scene? Targets carrying unique salient features can be found in parallel without directing attention, whereas targets defined by feature conjunctions or non-salient features need to be scrutinized...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
4,488 Views
13 Pages

1 December 2020

An overwhelming majority of studies on visual search and selective attention were conducted using computer screens. There are arguably shortcomings in transferring knowledge from computer-based studies to real-world search behavior as findings are ba...

  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
5,234 Views
17 Pages

26 July 2022

Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is a brain-based disorder associated with the maldevelopment of central visual pathways. Individuals with CVI often report difficulties with daily visual search tasks such as finding a favorite toy or familiar person...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,495 Views
17 Pages

Visual Search Performance and Strategy for Three-Dimensional Visualization Systems: Impact of Radiologist Experience

  • Tatjana Pladere,
  • Mara Delesa-Velina,
  • Viktorija Andriksone,
  • Reinis Pitura,
  • Karola Panke and
  • Gunta Krumina

16 November 2019

The visual search performance of radiologists is systematically challenged due to the use of flat-panel displays when viewing multi-slice images. Three-dimensional visualization of information is expected to facilitate visual search for radiologists....

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
428 Views
14 Pages

Microsaccades During High Speed Continuous Visual Search

  • Jacob G. Martin,
  • Charles E. Davis,
  • Maximilian Riesenhuber and
  • Simon J. Thorpe

Here, we provide an analysis of the microsaccades that occurred during continuous visual search and targeting of small faces that we pasted either into cluttered background photos or into a simple gray background. Subjects continuously used their eye...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,693 Views
22 Pages

25 February 2021

Visual search becomes challenging when the time to find the target is limited. Here we focus on how performance in visual search can be improved via a subtle saliency-aware modulation of the scene. Specifically, we investigate whether blurring salien...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,463 Views
15 Pages

Perceptual, Not Attentional, Guidance Drives Happy Superiority in Complex Visual Search

  • Sjoerd M. Stuit,
  • M. Alejandra Pardo Sanchez and
  • David Terburg

24 January 2025

Emotional facial expressions are thought to attract attention differentially based on their emotional content. While anger is thought to attract the most attention during visual search, happy superiority effects are reported as well. As multiple stud...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,330 Views
16 Pages

Seeing Beyond Salience and Guidance: The Role of Bias and Decision in Visual Search

  • Alasdair D. F. Clarke,
  • Anna Nowakowska and
  • Amelia R. Hunt

11 September 2019

Visual search is a popular tool for studying a range of questions about perception and attention, thanks to the ease with which the basic paradigm can be controlled and manipulated. While often thought of as a sub-field of vision science, search task...

  • Article
  • Open Access
192 Views
15 Pages

Visual information should be presented clearly and effectively so that it is quickly and easily understood. The same principle applies to different types of maps and plans. This study explores the relationship between a map’s design and how use...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,488 Views
21 Pages

27 August 2023

Over the last decade, Siamese network architectures have emerged as dominating tracking paradigms, which have led to significant progress. These architectures are made up of a backbone network and a head network. The backbone network comprises two id...

  • Brief Report
  • Open Access
3,304 Views
12 Pages

Visual Search Asymmetry Due to the Relative Magnitude Represented by Number Symbols

  • Benjamin A. Motz,
  • Robert L. Goldstone,
  • Thomas A. Busey and
  • Richard W. Prather

17 September 2021

In visual search tasks, physically large target stimuli are more easily identified among small distractors than are small targets among large distractors. The present study extends this finding by presenting preliminary evidence of a new search asymm...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,152 Views
19 Pages

Examining the Visual Search Behaviour of Experts When Screening for the Presence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Fundus Images

  • Timothy I. Murphy,
  • James A. Armitage,
  • Larry A. Abel,
  • Peter van Wijngaarden and
  • Amanda G. Douglass

28 April 2025

Objectives: This study investigated the visual search behaviour of optometrists and fellowship-trained ophthalmologists when screening for diabetic retinopathy in retinal photographs. Methods: Participants assessed and graded retinal photographs on a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,208 Views
19 Pages

Effect of Dynamic Point Symbol Visual Coding on User Search Performance in Map-Based Visualizations

  • Weijia Ge,
  • Jing Zhang,
  • Xingjian Shi,
  • Wenzhe Tang and
  • Longlong Qian

As geographic information visualization continues to gain prominence, dynamic symbols are increasingly employed in map-based applications. However, the optimal visual coding for dynamic point symbols—particularly concerning encoding type, anima...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,838 Views
13 Pages

Visual Sequential Search Test Analysis: An Algorithmic Approach

  • Giuseppe Alessio D’Inverno,
  • Sara Brunetti,
  • Maria Lucia Sampoli,
  • Dafin Fior Muresanu,
  • Alessandra Rufa and
  • Monica Bianchini

18 November 2021

In this work we present an algorithmic approach to the analysis of the Visual Sequential Search Test (VSST) based on the episode matching method. The data set included two groups of patients, one with Parkinson’s disease, and another with chronic pai...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,425 Views
12 Pages

31 July 2025

In individuals exposed to relatively mild methylmercury, even if they appeared to be independent in activities of daily living (ADL), slower judgment and motor responses in daily activities were observed, suggesting potential cognitive impairment. To...

  • Article
  • Open Access
961 Views
13 Pages

15 October 2025

Face recognition is an important skill that helps people make social judgments by identifying both who a person is and other characteristics such as their expression, age, and ethnicity. Previous models of face processing, such as those proposed by B...

  • Article
  • Open Access
555 Views
15 Pages

7 January 2026

This study examined potential visual search advantages in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and explored the roles of distractor grouping and perceptual load by comparing their performance with that of typically developing (TD) controls...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,749 Views
19 Pages

3 March 2025

Road horizontal curves, which significantly influence drivers’ visual search behavior and are closely linked to traffic safety, also constitute a crucial factor in sustainable road traffic development. This paper uses simulation driving experim...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,444 Views
29 Pages

8 August 2023

This study aimed to investigate disparities in drivers’ visual search behavior across various typical traffic conditions on prairie highways and analyze driving safety at the visual search level. The study captured eye movement data from driver...

  • Article
  • Open Access
804 Views
12 Pages

Visual Search Behavior During Toileting in Older Patients During the Action-Planning Stage

  • Lisa Sato,
  • Naoto Noguchi,
  • Munkhbayasgalan Byambadorj,
  • Ken Kondo,
  • Ryoto Akiyama and
  • Bumsuk Lee

Background: Visual search supports action planning and target selection in daily life. Despite toileting being frequent yet high-risk in rehabilitation, gaze analyses specific to toileting remain limited. This study quantified visual search behavior...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,031 Views
22 Pages

20 February 2025

Visual searching is a key cognitive process for acquiring external information, involving the identification of specific stimuli in complex environments. This study, utilizing Virtual Reality (VR) technology and eye-tracking devices, systematically e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
5,633 Views
26 Pages

12 November 2020

Central and peripheral fields of view extract information of different quality and serve different roles during visual tasks. Past research has studied this dichotomy on-screen in conditions remote from natural situations where the scene would be omn...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
353 Views
19 Pages

We conducted a visual feature search experiment in which we varied the target-distractorsimilarity in four steps, the number of items (4, 6, and 8), and the presence of the target. In addition to classical search parameters like error rate and reacti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,727 Views
22 Pages

In the Eye of the Beholder—Visual Search Behavior in Equestrian Dressage Judges

  • Inga Wolframm,
  • Peter Reuter,
  • Iulia Zaharia and
  • Johannes Vernooij

9 July 2024

This study investigated the visual search behavior of equestrian dressage judges at different expertise levels during the assessment of Grand Prix horse-rider combinations. Twenty judges (11 foundational level, 9 advanced level) participated in the s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
427 Views
20 Pages

Pre-Activation Dynamics of Category-Specific Attentional Templates in Visual Search

  • Jiahui Su,
  • Xin Ling,
  • Zhiwei Miao,
  • Rongtao Wu,
  • Yunpeng Jiang and
  • Xia Wu

21 November 2025

Visual search can be guided and facilitated by a category-specific attentional template (CAT) when searching for a target embedded into a set of categories. While previous research has proven that CATs can be pre-activated, it has caused confusion du...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,234 Views
16 Pages

Visual Search Strategies of Elite Fencers: An Exploratory Study in Ecological Competitive Situation

  • Pierre Bagot,
  • Jean F. Fournier,
  • Thibault Kerivel,
  • Cyril Bossard,
  • Gilles Kermarrec,
  • Guillaume Martinent and
  • Marjorie Bernier

This study investigates the visual activity of fencers in conditions resembling official competitions. Previous research in experimental conditions has shown that experts focus on specific areas of the torso and the armed arm to control movement init...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,394 Views
16 Pages

Visual Search and Conflict Mitigation Strategies Used by Expert en Route Air Traffic Controllers

  • Ricardo Palma Fraga,
  • Ziho Kang,
  • Jerry M. Crutchfield and
  • Saptarshi Mandal

The role of the en route air traffic control specialist (ATCS) is vital to maintaining safety and efficiency within the National Airspace System (NAS). ATCSs must vigilantly scan the airspace under their control and adjacent airspaces using an En Rou...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,793 Views
17 Pages

The assessment of attention in neuropsychological patients could be performed with visual search tests. The Broken Rings enVision Search test (BReViS) here proposed represents a novel open access paper-and-pencil tool in which layout and crowding are...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
218 Views
14 Pages

Visual Search Without Central Vision—No Single Pseudofovea Location Is Best

  • Angelika Lingnau,
  • Thorsten Albrecht,
  • Jens Schwarzbach and
  • Dirk Vorberg
J. Eye Mov. Res.2014, 7(2), 1-14;https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.7.2.4 
(registering DOI)

4 April 2014

We typically fixate targets such that they are projected onto the fovea for best spatial resolution. Macular degeneration patients often develop fixation strategies such that targets are projected to an intact eccentric part of the retina, called pse...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,416 Views
13 Pages

How Do Older Adults Process Icons in Visual Search Tasks? The Combined Effects of Icon Type and Cognitive Aging

  • Jianfeng Wu,
  • Dongfang Jiao,
  • Chunfu Lu,
  • Chengmin Li,
  • Xiaofang Huang and
  • Suzan Weng

Considering the differences in cognitive aging among older adults, this study examined how older adults process different types of graphic icons in visual search tasks. Fifty-four medical-related icons, including flat icons (FIs), FIs plus text (FIs...

  • Article
  • Open Access
817 Views
17 Pages

18 September 2025

Selection history significantly influences attentional processes. Current debates center on whether different components of selection history influence attention through shared learning-dependent mechanisms or via independent mechanisms. Recent resea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,275 Views
16 Pages

22 February 2024

Volleyball spiking requires defenders to possess exceptional anticipatory skills. However, most volleyball defense video eye-tracking studies have used fixed or off-court perspectives, failing to replicate real-world environments. This study explored...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
829 Views
16 Pages

Flipping the World Upside Down: Using Eye Tracking in Virtual Reality to Study Visual Search in Inverted Scenes

  • Julia Beitner,
  • Jason Helbing,
  • Dejan Draschkow,
  • Erwan J. David and
  • Melissa L.-H. Võ

Image inversion is a powerful tool for investigating cognitive mechanisms of visual perception. However, studies have mainly used inversion in paradigms presented on twodimensional computer screens. It remains open whether disruptive effects of inver...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,668 Views
13 Pages

Decreased Visual Search Behavior in Elderly Drivers during the Early Phase of Reverse Parking, But an Increase during the Late Phase

  • Siyeong Kim,
  • Ken Kondo,
  • Naoto Noguchi,
  • Ryoto Akiyama,
  • Yoko Ibe,
  • Yeongae Yang and
  • Bumsuk Lee

1 December 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics of visual search behavior in elderly drivers in reverse parking. Fourteen healthy elderly and fourteen expert drivers performed a perpendicular parking task. The parking process was divided into...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,960 Views
12 Pages

26 November 2022

The benefits of sport activity on cognition and especially on executive function development are well-known, and in recent years, several kinds of cognitive-motor training (CMT) have been proven effective in adults and older people. Less is known abo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,714 Views
14 Pages

8 December 2023

The present study attempted to explore the effects of sleep deprivation on the visual search patterns and hazard response times of taxi drivers when they encountered different types of hazards. A two (driver groups: sleep deprivation or control) &tim...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,508 Views
15 Pages

Visual MAV Tracker with Adaptive Search Region

  • Wooryong Park,
  • Donghee Lee,
  • Junhak Yi and
  • Woochul Nam

23 August 2021

Tracking a micro aerial vehicle (MAV) is challenging because of its small size and swift motion. A new model was developed by combining compact and adaptive search region (SR). The model can accurately and robustly track MAVs with a fast computation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,904 Views
16 Pages

HDetect-VS: Tiny Human Object Enhancement and Detection Based on Visual Saliency for Maritime Search and Rescue

  • Zhennan Fei,
  • Yingjiang Xie,
  • Da Deng,
  • Lingshuai Meng,
  • Fu Niu and
  • Jinggong Sun

18 June 2024

Strong sun glint noise is an inevitable obstruction for tiny human object detection in maritime search and rescue (SAR) tasks, which can significantly deteriorate the performance of local contrast method (LCM)-based algorithms and cause high false al...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,351 Views
29 Pages

27 December 2021

We investigate the design of ontology-supported, progressively disclosed visual analytics interfaces for searching and triaging large document sets. The goal is to distill a set of criteria that can help guide the design of such systems. We begin wit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,367 Views
17 Pages

Influence of Time Pressure on Successive Visual Searches

  • Alejandro J. Cambronero-Delgadillo,
  • Christof Körner,
  • Iain D. Gilchrist and
  • Margit Höfler

In the current eye-tracking experiment, we explored the effects of time pressure on visual search performance and oculomotor behavior. Participants performed two consecutive time-pressured searches for a T-shaped target among L-shaped distractors in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
702 Views
25 Pages

Every minute, vast amounts of video and image data are uploaded worldwide to the internet and social media platforms, creating a rich visual archive of human experiences—from weddings and family gatherings to significant historical events such...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,642 Views
15 Pages

Eye Fixation-Related Potentials during Visual Search on Acquaintance and Newly-Learned Faces

  • Seungji Lee,
  • Doyoung Lee,
  • Hyunjae Gil,
  • Ian Oakley,
  • Yang Seok Cho and
  • Sung-Phil Kim

10 February 2021

Searching familiar faces in the crowd may involve stimulus-driven attention by emotional significance, together with goal-directed attention due to task-relevant needs. The present study investigated the effect of familiarity on attentional processes...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,579 Views
12 Pages

Word search puzzles are recognized as a valid word recognition task. Eye gaze patterns have been investigated during visual search and reading, but the word search puzzle requires both searching and word recognition. This paper will discuss findings...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,695 Views
12 Pages

Visual-Spatial Search in Neglect Syndrome as a Function of the Number of Stimuli in the Hemifields

  • Nataliya Varako,
  • Maria Kovyazina,
  • Daria Yurina,
  • Victoria Propustina,
  • Georgiy Stepanov,
  • Svetlana Vasilyeva,
  • Vadim Daminov,
  • Anatoliy Skvortsov,
  • Maria Baulina and
  • Yuri Zinchenko

28 November 2024

Background: Neglect syndrome is a serious condition that often affects the ability to perform visual-spatial search tasks, interfering with the ability to detect stimuli on the left side of space. A number of factors can affect the success of visual...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
246 Views
13 Pages

Real time simulation of visual search behavior can occur only if the control of fixation durations is sufficiently understood. Visual search studies have typically confounded pre- and post-saccadic influences on fixation durat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
11,910 Views
22 Pages

Reliable Long-Range Multi-Link Communication for Unmanned Search and Rescue Aircraft Systems in Beyond Visual Line of Sight Operation

  • Johannes Güldenring,
  • Philipp Gorczak,
  • Fabian Eckermann,
  • Manuel Patchou,
  • Janis Tiemann,
  • Fabian Kurtz and
  • Christian Wietfeld

With the increasing availability of unmanned aircraft systems, their usage for search and rescue is close at hand. Especially in the maritime context, aerial support can yield significant benefits. This article proposes and evaluates the concept of c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
562 Views
13 Pages

Non-goal-Driven Eye Movement After Visual Search Task

  • Ayumi Takemoto,
  • Atsushi Nakazawa and
  • Takatsune Kumada

We investigated the functions and mechanisms of non-goal-driven eye movements, which are defined as eye movements induced when looking at visual stimuli on a display without engaging in a specific task or looking at a display without any visual stimu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
388 Views
11 Pages

Combining EEG and Eye Tracking: Using Fixation-Locked Potentials in Visual Search

  • Brent Winslow,
  • Angela Carpenter,
  • Jesse Flint,
  • Xuezhong Wang,
  • David Tomasetti,
  • Matthew Johnston and
  • Kelly Hale

28 November 2013

Visual search is a complex task that involves many neural pathways to identify relevant areas of interest within a scene. Humans remain a critical component in visual search tasks, as they can effectively perceive anomalies within complex scenes. How...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
6,234 Views
15 Pages

Drivers’ Visual Search Patterns during Overtaking Maneuvers on Freeway

  • Wenhui Zhang,
  • Jing Dai,
  • Yulong Pei,
  • Penghui Li,
  • Ying Yan and
  • Xinqiang Chen

Drivers gather traffic information primarily by means of their vision. Especially during complicated maneuvers, such as overtaking, they need to perceive a variety of characteristics including the lateral and longitudinal distances with other vehicle...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,942 Views
15 Pages

No Advantage for Separating Overt and Covert Attention in Visual Search

  • W. Joseph MacInnes,
  • Ómar I. Jóhannesson,
  • Andrey Chetverikov and
  • Árni Kristjánsson

18 May 2020

We move our eyes roughly three times every second while searching complex scenes, but covert attention helps to guide where we allocate those overt fixations. Covert attention may be allocated reflexively or voluntarily, and speeds the rate of inform...

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