Search Results (1,615)

Background: It is known that mitral valve surgery produces an early reduction in hemodynamic overload after the procedure. However, the reduction in left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) may persist over the long term. Speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) provides more sensitive indices of cardiac performance in MR. Myocardial work (MW) evaluates LV performance by considering the effect of LV afterload. The aim of this study was to describe the acute and late postoperative changes in cardiac function and hemodynamics using STE and MW indices in patients with primary MR and to find echocardiographic predictors of postoperative symptom improvement. Methods: Consecutive patients with severe MR and preserved LV EF undergoing mitral valve repair or replacement were prospectively enrolled. Exclusion criteria were atrial fibrillation, previous cardiac surgery, and concomitant aortic or coronary surgery. Patients underwent clinical, biohumoral and echocardiographic evaluation before surgery and within one week after surgery during the hospitalization period. Then, 32 of them underwent a new echocardiographic exam, completed by MW, at long-term follow-up. Results: Overall, 42 patients were enrolled (mean age 65 ± 12 years, 50% male, mean LV EF 59 ± 4%). After intervention, 48% of patients showed a reduction in LV EF (n = 20), while most patients showed reductions in STE and MW parameters across all chambers. Particularly, the global work index (GWI) was reduced in 79% of patients (n = 33). After a mean long-term follow-up of 26 ± 5 months, all STE parameters significantly improved in >70% of patients (n = 22), while LV EF maintained its initial reduction. A baseline value of LV GLS > −17.7% identified patients with persistence of symptoms at long-term follow-up (AUC 0.68, p = 0.02). Conclusions: After an initial decline, LV function detected by GLS improved over the long term after mitral valve surgery, paralleling a reduction in symptoms. STE indices might provide additional value for the long-term follow-up of patients undergoing mitral valve repair/replacement. Full article

Background: Ankle osteoarthritis (OA) differs fundamentally from knee OA: it is predominantly post-traumatic, affects younger and more active patients, and frequently arises from focal osteochondral lesions of the talus (OCLT) rather than diffuse degeneration. Cell-based and orthobiologic therapies—bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), bone marrow-derived cell transplantation (BMDC), adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADMSCs), stromal vascular fraction (SVF), micro-fragmented adipose tissue (mFAT), and peripheral blood-derived products—have been proposed as joint-preserving options, but the evidence base has not been mapped in a way that separates degenerative post-traumatic ankle OA from focal chondral repair, or that distinguishes cells given as a standalone injection from cells given alongside a therapeutic operation. Methods: We conducted a systematic scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR framework. Human clinical studies applying cell-based therapies to post-traumatic ankle OA and/or OCLT were charted by population, cell source and preparation, mode of delivery, concomitant procedures, follow-up, and reported clinical and structural outcomes. Mode of delivery—standalone intra-articular injection versus adjunct to a concomitant surgical procedure—was pre-specified as a primary analytic axis, because it determines whether an observed effect can be attributed to the cell product at all. Given anticipated clinical and product heterogeneity and the near-absence of controlled trials of standalone injection, no meta-analysis was undertaken; the objective was to map the evidence, characterise its structure, and identify gaps. Results: Eleven clinical studies were charted. The dominant structural feature of this literature is that in nine of 11 studies the cells were co-administered with a therapeutic surgical procedure—marrow stimulation, autologous osteochondral transplantation, supramalleolar or calcaneal osteotomy, or joint debridement—so that in no charted study can the contribution of the cells be separated from that of the operation. This attribution problem, rather than any efficacy estimate, is the principal finding of the review. The remaining evidence is small, heterogeneous, and uniformly non-randomised (Level of Evidence III–V). Only two studies used standalone injection, and for degenerative post-traumatic ankle OA specifically, the standalone-injection evidence consists of a single case report. Reported clinical outcomes (AOFAS, VAS, FAOS/KOOS, Tegner) and structural surrogates (MOCART, T2-mapping, second-look arthroscopy) were generally favourable, and adverse events were mild and self-limiting; however, no study demonstrated histologically confirmed hyaline regeneration, and no adequately powered randomised trial of standalone injection for degenerative post-traumatic ankle OA was identified. Conclusions: Cell-based therapies for post-traumatic ankle OA and OCLT show promising but preliminary, hypothesis-generating signals within a fragmented evidence base in which the cellular contribution is confounded by concomitant surgery in nine of 11 charted studies; on present evidence, the field cannot claim an independent effect for the cell product. The knee OA evidence cannot be extrapolated to the ankle because of the joint’s distinct biology, aetiology, and lesion pattern. Adequately powered randomised trials of standalone intra-articular injection in well-defined degenerative post-traumatic ankle OA, using standardised product characterisation and a core outcome set with quantitative structural endpoints, are the principal advance needed. Full article

Background: Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) patches have emerged as a potential alternative to synthetic and autologous materials in pediatric cardiac surgery; however, clinical data on their use in septal defect repair remain limited. Methods: This single-center retrospective study evaluated the applicability and early outcomes of ECM scaffolds for pediatric septal defect repair using data from the national cardiac surgery registry. Early postoperative outcomes and perioperative variables were analyzed. Results: The study included 72 procedures performed in 68 patients (35 males and 33 females), aged 10 days to 16 years (median age: 187 days; IQR: 105–327 days). Reoperations accounted for 6% of cases. Postoperative complications occurred in 1.4% of patients, and continuous renal replacement therapy was required in 6 (8.8%) patients. Overall mortality was 2.9% (2/68 patients). No statistically significant differences were observed between atrial and ventricular septal defect groups. Conclusions: ECM patches appeared to be a safe and effective option for septal defect repair in pediatric cardiac surgery, demonstrating low complication rates and satisfactory early outcomes across different types of congenital heart defects. Full article

Background and Objectives: Left atrial appendage (LAA) closure is a Class I recommendation in patients with atrial fibrillation to reduce the risk of cardioembolic stroke. Achieving reliable and complete LAA exclusion during minimally invasive mitral valve surgery via right minithoracotomy remains technically challenging. We report here to our knowledge the largest series of a novel technique for LAA exclusion using an epicardial clip device applied via right minithoracotomy during minimally invasive mitral valve surgery. Materials and Methods: Between June 2023 and May 2026, 40 patients with atrial fibrillation underwent minimally invasive mitral valve surgery via right minithoracotomy with concomitant LAA exclusion. Cardiopulmonary bypass was established via percutaneous femoral cannulation. Following completion of the intracardiac procedure and prior to aortic cross-clamp removal, a suture was placed around the LAA base via the transverse sinus and used to guide clip deployment under direct vision. Successful closure was confirmed by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography. Results: Mean patient age was 66.6 ± 8.0 years; 21 patients (53%) were female. Mitral valve repair was performed in 36 patients (90%) and replacement in 4 (10%). Concomitant cryoablation for AF was performed in 31 patients (78%). Successful LAA clip deployment was achieved in all 40 patients (100%). The 35 mm clip was used in 36 patients (90%), the 40 mm clip in 3 patients (8%), and the 45 mm clip in 1 patient (2%). Mean total operative time was 183 ± 58 min; mean CPB time was 134 ± 42 min; mean aortic cross-clamp time was 70 ± 27 min. In-hospital mortality was 0%. One patient (3%) required re-thoracotomy for bleeding, one developed a postoperative stroke, and two required ECMO support. Median hospital stay was 9 days. At discharge, 18 patients (45%) were in sinus rhythm; among the 31 who underwent concomitant cryoablation, 16 (52%) were discharged in sinus rhythm. Conclusions: Minimally invasive LAA exclusion is feasible and safe when performed via right minithoracotomy during minimally invasive mitral valve surgery. The technique achieves high rates of successful deployment and avoids the need for additional incisions or access sites. This approach represents a valuable addition to the armamentarium of concomitant stroke prevention strategies in patients with AF undergoing minimally invasive valvular surgery. Full article

Background/Objectives: The opioid epidemic has increased awareness of inpatient opioid use after surgery. Effective pain control is essential for recovery; however, factors influencing postoperative opioid requirements (PORs) remain unclear. This study examined patient-specific factors and surgical platforms associated with postoperative rescue opioid use within 48 h of bariatric surgery. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients undergoing bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG)) from March 2021 to March 2023 at a community hospital setting. Data included demographics, comorbidities, psychiatric history, prior surgeries (cholecystectomy, hernia repair, other bariatric surgery), intraoperative parameters, postoperative disposition, hospital length of stay, and PORs measured in morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Robotic and laparoscopic surgery were compared and risk factors for increased PORs were analyzed. Results: Among 442 patients (86.7% women, mean age 42.1 ± 12.0 years), robotic procedures (51.6%) had higher PORs than laparoscopic procedures (13.3 ± 13.2 versus 10.1 ± 11.2 MME; p < 0.01), mainly driven by the SG group (14.8 ± 13.3 versus 9.2 ± 9.6 MME, respectively; p < 0.01). In multivariable logistic regression, robotic surgery (OR 1.38, 95% CI: 1.02–1.88, p = 0.041), psychiatric history (OR 1.67, 95% CI: 1.11–2.51, p = 0.014), and prior surgery (OR 1.52, 95% CI: 1.03–2.24, p = 0.034) were associated with increased PORs (>10 MME). No significant differences were observed based on sex, type of procedure (SG vs. RYGB), or body mass index. Conclusions: In this study, robotic surgery was associated with higher PORs. Preoperative psychiatric evaluation and multimodal pain management strategies may assist in the optimization of analgesia in patients with psychiatric conditions or prior surgery. Full article

Background/Objectives: Cleft lip and palate are among the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies and require careful postoperative care after surgical repair. Mothers, as primary caregivers, are expected to manage feeding, wound care, oral hygiene, and the early recognition of complications; however, gaps in postoperative care knowledge may limit safe home care. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of an artificial intelligence (AI)-supported video-based educational intervention on mothers’ knowledge of postoperative care after cleft lip and/or palate surgery. Methods: This single-group quasi-experimental pre–post pilot study was conducted between April and December 2025 in the Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic of a tertiary hospital in Istanbul. Thirty mothers of children aged 0–18 years who underwent cleft lip and/or palate surgery were included. Data were collected using a Demographic Information Form and a Nutrition and Care Knowledge Questionnaire. Mothers completed the questionnaire before and immediately after watching a standardized AI-supported educational video developed by the researchers. Pre- and post-intervention knowledge scores were compared using nonparametric statistical tests. Results: A total of 30 mothers participated in the study. Child-related sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded to describe the children’s profile. Among the children, 56.7% were female, and 56.7% were aged 0–3 years. Post-intervention knowledge scores increased in the total score and in all subdomains, including postoperative care, feeding, and complication monitoring. The greatest improvement was observed in complication monitoring, which had the lowest baseline scores. Knowledge gains were observed across participant subgroups. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that AI-supported video-based education may improve mothers’ short-term knowledge of postoperative care after cleft lip and/or palate surgery. However, because of the single-group design, small sample size, and immediate post-test assessment, the findings should be interpreted as preliminary. Larger controlled studies with longer follow-up are needed to examine knowledge retention and the potential effects of this approach on caregiving practices. Full article

Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy is widely used after osteosarcoma (OS) surgery, suboptimal chemotherapy accelerates OS recurrence, and postoperative bone repair remains challenging. Here, we report a selenium-loaded biomimetic calcium phosphate (Se@BioCaP) to provide a long-term therapeutic-dose release for postoperative OS treatment. Sodium selenite was incorporated into a biomimetic calcium phosphate (BioCaP) via a wet biomimetic mineralization protocol. The release kinetics of Se@BioCaP achieved a transition from non-Fickian transport to Fickian diffusion, delivering sustained cytotoxic concentrations under acidic, tumor-like conditions while maintaining biocompatibility with osteoblasts (OBs) under physiological conditions. The reduction in OS cell viability was associated with the disruption of redox homeostasis, including the downregulation of key antioxidant enzymes (SOD2 and GPx1), increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), and acidic vesicular organelle (AVO) formation. Notably, Se@BioCaP200 extracts maintained in vitro anticancer and pro-osteogenic activity at day 42, while antibacterial activity was maintained through day 42. These findings suggest that Se@BioCaP may be a promising candidate for postoperative OS management. Full article

Background and Objectives: Endoscopic beating-heart tricuspid valve (TV) surgery is increasingly adopted in cardiac surgery due to its association with improved postoperative recovery. Conventional approaches require jugular vein cannulation to establish adequate bicaval venous drainage, and caval snaring is considered mandatory during beating-heart TV procedures to prevent intraoperative air lock. We report our single-center experience with a novel percutaneously placed venous cannula (Smart Cannula) that enables minimally invasive TV surgery without jugular cannulation or caval snaring. Materials and Methods: Between February 2025 and May 2026, 31 consecutive patients underwent endoscopic beating-heart TV surgery using the Smart Cannula system for venous drainage. The device is a stent-like cannula with distributed wall perforations allowing sufficient venous return while preventing air lock. Preoperative atrial fibrillation was present in 21 patients (68%). Six patients (19%) underwent isolated TV procedures; the remainder had concomitant procedures. Mean age was 68.2 ± 10.8 years; 16 patients (52%) were female. Two different cannula lengths were used: 680 mm (n = 15) and 730 mm (n = 16). Six patients (19%) had history of prior cardiac surgery. Results: All procedures were completed without intraoperative air lock. Two patients (6%) required intraoperative conversion to sternotomy. Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 163 ± 52 min. Seven patients (23%) underwent beating-heart procedures with no aortic cross-clamping; in 24 patients (77%), aortic cross-clamping was required for concomitant procedures (mean cross-clamp time 79 ± 28 min), with tricuspid repair completed on the reperfused beating heart. Re-exploration for bleeding occurred in two patients (6%). Median ICU stay was 5 days and median hospital stay was 10 days. New permanent pacemaker implantation was required in three patients (10%). Thirty-day mortality was 0%. Postoperative echocardiography at discharge demonstrated TR Grade 0 in 61%, mild TR in 32%, and moderate TR in 3% of patients. Conclusions: In this first and largest published series on endoscopic beating-heart TV surgery without caval snaring or jugular vein cannulation, we have shown that the process is feasible and safe, eliminating the need for jugular vein cannulation and caval snaring while maintaining no occurrence of intraoperative air lock. The device enables a simplified venous drainage strategy without compromising operative safety or early clinical outcomes. Full article

Background: Neonatal sepsis caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens poses significant therapeutic challenges in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), particularly in surgical neonates. Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI), a novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination, offers activity against extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC, and serine carbapenemases, but neonatal experience remains limited. Methods and Results: We present a 35-week preterm neonate with long-gap esophageal atresia who developed late-onset sepsis caused by MDR Enterobacter hormaechei, including a KPC-producing carbapenem-resistant isolate, during postoperative recovery. After a multidisciplinary review, the patient received off-label CAZ-AVI at 25 mg/kg/dose (20/5 mg/kg) every 8 h, infused over 2 h, informed by available neonatal pharmacokinetic evidence and weight-adjusted dosing recommendations. Amikacin was administered contextually. Consecutive blood cultures obtained 48–72 h after dual antibiotic therapy initiation became negative and remained sterile, with concordant decline in inflammatory biomarkers, confirming rapid microbiological clearance. Unfortunately, the newborn died in the hours immediately following the final surgery performed to repair the esophageal atresia via end-to-end anastomosis; the cause was complications (hemothorax) unrelated to infectious diseases, although the onset of such severe sepsis may have compromised an already impaired immunological status. Discussion: This case shows mechanism-concordant antimicrobial selection and the feasibility of neonatal dosing when MDR Enterobacterales drive invasive infection. Our experience supports prospective evaluation of CAZ-AVI in carefully selected septic newborns while emphasizing the importance of rapid carbapenemase genotyping, susceptibility testing, and multidisciplinary oversight. Full article

Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is an essential micronutrient involved in collagen biosynthesis, redox regulation, immune function, endothelial biology, carnitine synthesis, neurotransmitter metabolism, and non-heme iron absorption. Dietary reference values are designed primarily to prevent deficiency in general populations, but vulnerability to low-vitamin C status may increase during trauma, surgery, chronic inflammation, malignancy, metabolic disease, smoking, poor intake, environmental exposure, and tissue repair. This narrative review synthesizes mechanistic, pharmacokinetic, clinical, and safety evidence on vitamin C as a stress-responsive micronutrient. Evidence is reviewed across tissue repair and wound healing, orthopedic recovery and selected complex regional pain syndrome risk contexts, fatigue, neuropsychiatric vulnerability, cancer-supportive care, vascular homeostasis, dermatologic biology, and preliminary microbiota–gut–brain axis hypotheses. The strength of evidence differs substantially across domains: biochemical functions and deficiency correction are well established, whereas benefits of supraphysiologic oral supplementation in vitamin C-replete patients remain uncertain. Oral nutritional supplementation is distinguished from intravenous pharmacologic ascorbate, with attention to route, formulation, dose division, gastrointestinal tolerance-limited adjustment, and safety monitoring. Because evidence for high-dose oral supplementation remains limited and condition-specific, such use should be individualized, time-limited, and clinician-monitored rather than presented as a population-level recommendation or evidence-defined therapeutic target. Taken together, the clinical value of vitamin C depends on baseline status, patient vulnerability, route, formulation, dosing interval, clinical endpoint, and safety review. Full article

Early-onset colorectal cancer is increasing, making reproductive health an increasingly relevant survivorship issue. While immune checkpoint inhibitors have altered the management of deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) colorectal cancer, their implications for reproductive-age women remain insufficiently defined. We performed a focused narrative review, structured in line with the SANRA framework, to clarify this specific clinical domain. Immunotherapy may reshape female oncofertility counseling through two distinct mechanisms: direct reproductive uncertainty, including established endocrine toxicities and hypothesized, but currently unproven, direct gonadal effects; and indirect pathway-modifying effects, such as the potential avoidance of pelvic radiotherapy or radical surgery in selected patients with locally advanced dMMR/MSI-H rectal cancer. Anatomical organ preservation should not be automatically equated with functional fertility preservation. The key clinical message is that reproductive counseling should not be restricted to historically gonadotoxic chemotherapy. Instead, early multidisciplinary guidance should explicitly distinguish CRC-specific evidence from extrapolated or theoretical concerns, integrate fertility preservation strategies when clinically feasible, and address pelvic and sexual health, contraception, washout, endocrine follow-up, and future pregnancy planning. Until prospective CRC-specific reproductive data become available, immunotherapy should not be presented as either reproductively neutral or fertility-preserving. Full article

Background: Chronic distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability secondary to triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury remains challenging to treat. This study describes a novel mini-open dorsal technique for TFCC reconstruction and reports preliminary clinical outcomes. Methods: Six patients with chronic symptomatic DRUJ instability underwent mini-open dorsal TFCC reconstruction using a dorsal capsular flap fixed to the ulnar fovea with a 2 mm suture anchor. Clinical outcomes included DRUJ stability, forearm range of motion, pain (VAS), QuickDASH, and PRWHE scores. Results: At final follow-up, clinical DRUJ stability was restored in all patients, with full forearm rotation. Mean QuickDASH improved from 61.0 to 6.5, mean PRWHE improved from 58.7 to 8.0, and mean VAS pain score improved from 7.5 to 0.83. No complications or recurrences were observed. Conclusions: This mini-open dorsal technique was feasible in this small case series and was associated with encouraging early clinical outcomes and restoration of clinical DRUJ stability. Larger prospective studies with longer follow-up are required before definitive conclusions can be drawn. Full article

Background/Objectives: Shoulder pain or instability have different causes and therefore different treatment approaches. The most common are surgical approaches, ranging from more conservative to more radical, such as arthroplasty. In the presence of irreparable rupture or tears of the supraspinatus and subscapularis muscles, particularly in younger patients without arthritis or osteoarthrosis, it becomes a surgical challenge to avoid early arthroplasty. Despite the development and proposal of various surgical techniques to restore stability and function, and eliminate pain of the glenohumeral joint, there remains a lack of consensus on the most effective approach in the absence of arthritis. This work aims to systematically review the available evidence on surgical procedures for treating shoulder joint instability and pain due to irreparable subscapularis and supraspinatus tendon tears, excluding cases with coexisting arthritis or arthrosis. Methods: This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Search was performed across the major databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, up to 2025. Inclusion criteria comprised clinical studies (randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case series), reviews and systematic reviews reporting on surgical interventions for shoulder instability and pain caused by irreparable tears of the subscapularis and supraspinatus in patients without degenerative joint disease. As shoulder surgery techniques have been continually evolving since the early procedures, no lower limit was set for the time interval. The related literature that was not identified in the mentioned databases was added manually through parallel searches of associated themes and suggestions from the websites of those databases. To be eligible, papers had to describe shoulder instability surgery, surgical techniques, indications, and patients’ recovery outcomes. The key tasks, such as title and abstract screening, were performed by V. M., L. R., and M. A. N. to ensure thoroughness and reduce bias. Results: From an initial search result of 98 works, a total of 66 titles and abstracts were analysed, resulting in a final selection of 24 studies that fulfilled the mentioned criteria and were therefore included in this review. The oldest paper mentioning a shoulder surgery in this context was published in 2003. The most frequently described procedures included total joint replacement, tendon transfers, Superior Capsule Reconstruction, partial rotator cuff repair and others. Across studies, improvements were noted in shoulder stability, range of motion, and functional scores. However, heterogeneity in surgical techniques and outcome measures limited direct comparison. Conclusions: The conducted systematic review reveals an important gap and highlights the need to evolve beyond traditional shoulder surgery techniques and, if possible, to provide a single solution for the different origins of shoulder instability. Several surgical options demonstrate promising outcomes in managing shoulder instability and pain due to irreparable subscapularis and supraspinatus tears in patients without glenohumeral arthritis. However, those procedures are associated with anatomical changes in the shoulder joint, compromising the joint’s full function and prolonging recovery time. Nevertheless, this conclusion is based on a small sample size of the current literature and a lack of high-level evidence. Further comparative and long-term studies are needed to establish optimal treatment strategies. Full article

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of meniscal suture repair in patients over 50 years of age with a minimum follow-up of 6 months, following failure of at least 6 months of conservative treatment. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients older than 50 years treated between 1 January 2017 and 30 June 2023 at the Orthopaedics and Traumatology Division of ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII (Bergamo, Italy) who underwent meniscal repair after failed conservative management. Patients underwent clinical, radiological and functional assessments. Meniscal healing was evaluated by MRI at 6 months postoperatively. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including KOOS, IKDC, Lysholm and Tegner Activity Scale, were collected preoperatively and at final follow-up. Results: Eleven patients were included, with a mean age of 53.4 ± 4.1 years (range, 50–64). Nine patients had lateral meniscus tears, and two had medial meniscus tears. At a mean follow-up of 22.0 ± 16.8 months (range, 6–66), significant improvements were observed in KOOS, IKDC and Lysholm scores (p < 0.05), with mean postoperative values of 95.4 ± 5.1, 87.5 ± 8.3 and 97.1 ± 3.5, respectively. All patients returned to their pre-injury activity level according to the Tegner scale. One complete failure and one partial failure were observed, both in patients with medial meniscus tears. Conclusions: In this small cohort, arthroscopic meniscal repair in patients over 50 years of age was associated with significant improvements in clinical and functional outcomes, with a failure rate of 18.2%. These findings suggest that meniscal repair may be a viable joint-preserving option in carefully selected middle-aged patients, particularly in lateral meniscus lesions. However, results should be interpreted cautiously given the limited sample size and retrospective design. Full article

Background/Objectives: Despite advances in transcatheter therapy, surgery remains the gold standard treatment for sinus venosus defect (SVD). However, data on long-term outcomes following surgical repair remain scarce. This multicenter study evaluates the long-term outcomes of surgically treated SVD patients with comparison to surgically and percutaneously treated secundum atrial septal defect (ASD). Methods: Clinical, surgical, imaging and invasive data were retrospectively reviewed from eight centers in Europe. Results: A total of 209 patients were included, of whom 80 were surgically treated SVD, 57 surgically treated secundum ASD and 72 percutaneously treated secundum ASD. Operation for SVD mainly occurred in adulthood, with a median age of 28.5 years (2–68 years). During follow-up, the observed reoperation rate was higher in the SVD cohort than ASD cohorts (p = 0.033), despite shorter follow-up period in the SVD cohort. Reoperations, in the SVD cohort, occurred at a median of 28 years (1–50 years) after index surgery. The need for pacemaker implantation was similar between groups (p = 0.301). The prevalence of late atrial fibrillation did not differ between groups (p = 0.588). Surgically treated SVD tended to have a higher prevalence of atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia, with a significantly higher rate of electrophysiological studies than percutaneously treated secundum ASD (p = 0.013), similar to surgically treated secundum ASD (p = 0.405). Conclusions: Long-term follow-up of surgically treated SVD is essential to monitor for reintervention and arrhythmic complications. Full article