The latest developments in solid propellants and their components are summarized. Particular attention is given to emerging energetic binders and novel, ‘green’ oxidizing agents and their use in propellant formulations. A brief overview of the latest...
Solid propellant combustion and flow are significantly affected by condensed combustion products (CCPs) in solid rocket motors. A new aluminum agglomeration model is established using the discrete element method, considering the burning rate and form...
This study was aimed at determining the effect of microstructure on the macro-mechanical behavior of a composite solid propellant. The microstructure model of a composite solid propellant was generated using molecular dynamics algorithm. The correlat...
This study delves into the rheological and mechanical properties of a 3D-printable composite solid propellant with 80% wt solids loading. Polybutadiene is used as a binder with ammonium sulfate, which is added as an inert replacement for the ammonium...
Extrusion-based 3D printing holds great potential for manufacturing solid propellants. Among the various methods, screw- and plunger-based extrusion are the most frequently reported techniques for propellant 3D printing, each employing different extr...
The low permeability of coal seams has always been the main bottleneck restricting coalbed methane drainage. In this paper, a coal seam anti-reflection technology with solid-propellant blasting was proposed, and the composition and proportion of the...
Fused deposition technology (FDM), as an additive manufacturing (AM) technology, holds immense potential in the field of solid grain manufacturing. It can accomplish complex grain shaping with ultra-low-pressure ratios, which are challenging to achie...
During the service of solid rocket motors, propellant grains need to bear various loads such as curing cooling, gravity, and combustion internal pressure. The internal pore defects will seriously affect the structural integrity. In this paper, a thre...
Electric solid propellants are advanced solid chemical rocket propellants that can be controlled (ignited, throttled and extinguished) through the application and removal of an electric current. This behavior may enable the propellant to be used in m...
Ionizing radiations are responsible for bond scission, radical formation, and oxidative degradation of polymer matrices. This study focuses on the effects of gamma irradiation on solid propellant binders, targeting a comprehensive chemical and mechan...
In order to study the effect of pressure on the ignition and combustion process of CL-20/NEPE solid propellant, the ignition delay, burning rate, and maximum combustion temperature of different solid propellant formulations with an ambient pressure o...
Composite solid propellants have used cast molding production technology for many decades, with intrinsic limitations on production flexibility, promptness, and grain geometry, as well as environmental implications on toxicity and global carbon footp...
Blade-Free Planetary Mixer (BFPM) can rapidly and efficiently mix highly viscous materials because of the strong centrifugal forces generated by the planetary motion of the mixing vessel. The safety of energetic propellant slurry during BFPM processi...
This study investigates the effects of flame-retardant fillers, mesh electrode geometry, electrode material, propellant thickness, and applied voltage on the ignition and combustion performance of a perchlorate-based Electrically Controlled Solid Pro...
The development of modern solid rocket technology with high-performance and high-loading ratio propellants places higher requirements on the safety and stability of the solid rocket motor. The propellant of the solid rocket motor will creep during lo...
Solid propellant grain, as a typical polymer, are the thrust generation devices and core load-bearing components of solid rocket motor (SRM) and are also known as SRM grain. They are constantly exposed to extreme service environments such as high tem...
The study presents an upgraded design and the results of experimental investigations of a solid-propellant pulsed plasma thruster (PPT) in which graphite simultaneously serves as both the propellant and the ignition element. The proposed configuratio...
Understanding the curing and molding process of HTPB two-stage solid propellants and their stress and strain distributions is essential for the efficient manufacturing, long-term storage, safe transportation, and reliable operation of solid rocket mo...
Solid propellant is a composite material exhibiting classic nonlinear viscoelastic mechanical characteristic, which is due in a large part to a cumulative damage process caused by the formation and growth of microflaws inside. The standard relaxation...
Currently, the shear-extrusion behavior of solid propellants (SPs), which comprise a significant volume fraction of micro-/nanoscale solid particles (e.g., octogen/HMX), nitroglycerin as a plasticizer/solvent, nitrocellulose as a binder, and other fu...
Solid heterogeneous rocket propellants (SHRP) containing ammonium perchlorate (AP) emit a lot of hydrogen chloride (HCl) during combustion, which poses various environmental issues and makes the detection of the rockets easier. Part of the AP can be...
This paper presents a control design strategy for the soft-landing problem on the Moon using solid propellant engines (SPEs). While SPEs have controllability issues and issues relating to the fact that they cannot be restarted, they are characterized...
Potassium nitrate and sorbitol (KNSB) is a promising low-cost solid propellant for aerospace, characterized by stable combustion and a low pressure exponent. However, its application is constrained by a deficiency in detailed numerical simulation stu...
Laser-induced fluorescence imaging of aluminum atoms (Al-PLIF) is used to analyze the spatio-temporal behavior of aluminized solid propellant combustion. Using alternating LIF and chemiluminescence emission images of the particles in the gaseous and...
This paper deals with a performance comparison of the control algorithm for a variable-thrust solid-propellant rocket motor (VTSRM). To do this, we develop a simulation model of a VTSRM considering characteristic changes in the combustor and design c...
Solid-propellant rockets are used for many applications, including military technology, scientific research, entertainment, and aerospace education. This study explores a novel method for design modularization of the rocket airframes, utilizing addit...
Investigating the constitutive relationship and the damage failure mechanism of solid propellants is of significance for improving the safety, storage period and use efficiency of solid rocket motors. This paper focuses on the complex mechanical resp...
The effects of different types of nano-sized metal particles, such as aluminum (nAl), zirconium (nZr), titanium (nTi), and nickel (nNi), on the properties of a variety of solid rocket propellants (composite, fuel-rich, and composite modified double b...
This case study investigates the ageing behaviour of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based solid propellants, containing 0.5% iron oxide and a bimodal ammonium perchlorate (AP) distribution (300 µm coarse AP and 40 µm fine AP). T...
As a hot research topic, nano-scale energetic materials have recently attracted much attention in the fields of propellants and explosives. The preparation of different types of nano-sized energetic materials were carried out, and the effects of nano...
Challenges in the traditional cast-and-cure manufacturing of composite solid propellants, such as the use of mandrels and the toxicity of curing agents, are being addressed through new propellant formulations and additive manufacturing techniques. Wi...
A new method for determining the burning rate of a solid propellant, called the Impulse Method, is proposed in this paper. It is based on the proportional relationship between the impulse generated and the mass of the burned propellant. The pressure&...
Titanate-based bonding agents are a class of efficient bonding agents for improving the mechanical properties of composite solid propellants, a kind of special composite material. However, high solid contents often deteriorate the rheological propert...
Aluminum hydride (AlH3) has attracted wide attention due to its high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen capacity. AlH3 can easily release hydrogen when heated at relatively low temperature. Such high hydrogen density and low dehydrogenation temperat...
Solid rocket motors are prone to combustion instabilities, which may lead to various problems for the rockets, from unexpected oscillations, precision decreasing, to explosion. The unsteady combustion dynamics of the propellants play a crucial role i...
High-energy solid propellants are multiphase engineering materials, whose mechanical behavior is predominantly governed by the characteristics of embedded crystalline particles. While microstructural influences have been extensively examined, quantit...
Energy density, which is an important indicator of the performance of solid propellants, is known to increase with the addition of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20). However, it remains unclear how CL-20 affects the d...
The unsteady combustion of solid propellants under oscillating environments is the key to understanding the combustion instability inside solid rocket motors. The discontinuous Galerkin–finite element method (DG-FEM) is introduced to provide an...
To obtain propellant formulations with superior comprehensive and robustness performance, the study establishes a multi-objective optimization model that accounts for uncertainties. The model adopts a bi-layer structure. The inner layer computes perf...
In order to reduce the ignition temperature and improve the combustion efficiency of aluminum powder, three aluminum-based alloy fuels, Al–Mg, Al–Zn, and Al–Si–Mg, were prepared by the atomization method. The oxidation, igniti...
Solid rocket propellants based on hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), in which HTPB acts as the polymeric binder and fuel matrix, are widely used in aerospace propulsion. During storage, transport, and service, these composite energetic materia...
To further explore the quasi-static mechanical characteristics of composite solid propellants at low strain rates, an investigation was conducted on the mechanical behavior and damage mechanisms of a four-component hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (H...
This paper investigates a polymer composite and carbon fiber impregnated with epoxy resin for the fabrication of a lightweight and high-strength composite casing for rocket propulsion systems. It describes the winding technology which uses a removabl...
Herein, we present reliable, robust, stable, and cost-effective solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) for perchlorate determination. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used as solid-contact material and indium (III) 5, 10, 15, 20-(t...
Predictive modeling of thermal aging in solid propellants is challenging because HTPB-based propellants are highly filled particle-reinforced polymer systems with sparse experimental data, nonlinear parameter coupling, and partially unclear aging mec...
A solid rocket motor (SRM) is a rocket engine that uses a fuel/oxidizer mixture in a solid state; the most commonly employed propellants are Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) as the fuel and ammonium/potassium perchlorate as the oxidizer. To i...
Solid propellants play a crucial role in various civil, scientific, and defence-related aerospace propulsion applications due to their efficient energy release, high energy density, low fabrication cost, and ease of operation. Ammonium dinitramide (A...
The development of dynamic missions of small satellites requires the development of efficient, compact, and reliable propulsion systems (PSs). This paper investigates a propellant storage and supply system (PSSS), utilizing alternative solid-state pr...
This work is devoted to the study of the influence of mechanical activation of aluminum, as well as its modification with graphite on the combustion processes of solid rocket propellant (SRP). Experiments were conducted to determine the ignition indu...
A series of catalytic oxides (Fe2O3, CuO, ZnO, and Cu2O) were investigated as prospective additives shaping the thermal features of a model solid rocket propellant (SRP) formulation utilising ammonium nitrate as the oxidising agent. An extensive inve...
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