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24 pages, 330 KiB  
Review
Collaboration Between Endocrinologists and Dentists in the Care of Patients with Acromegaly—A Narrative Review
by Beata Wiśniewska, Kosma Piekarski, Sandra Spychała, Ewelina Golusińska-Kardach, Maria Stelmachowska-Banaś and Marzena Wyganowska
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(15), 5511; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155511 - 5 Aug 2025
Abstract
Acromegaly is caused by an excessive secretion of growth hormone and the secondary elevation of IGF-1 levels, leading to progressive changes in multiple body systems, including the craniofacial region and oral cavity. Dental manifestations such as mandibular overgrowth, macroglossia, malocclusion, periodontal disease, and [...] Read more.
Acromegaly is caused by an excessive secretion of growth hormone and the secondary elevation of IGF-1 levels, leading to progressive changes in multiple body systems, including the craniofacial region and oral cavity. Dental manifestations such as mandibular overgrowth, macroglossia, malocclusion, periodontal disease, and prosthetic difficulties represent not only a clinical component of the disease but also a significant therapeutic and diagnostic challenge. The aim of this review is to present the current state of knowledge on the relationship between acromegaly and oral health and to analyze the role of interdisciplinary collaboration between endocrinologists and dentists in patient care. For this narrative review, a literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases covering the period from 2000 to 2025. Sixty-two peer-reviewed publications meeting the methodological and thematic criteria were included in the analysis, including original studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and case reports. The results indicate significant correlations between disease activity and the severity of periodontal and microbiological changes, while effective endocrine treatment only results in the partial regression of morphological changes. Particular attention was given to the role of the dentist in recognizing the early symptoms of the disease, planning prosthetic and surgical treatment, and monitoring therapy-related complications. Interdisciplinary collaboration models, including integrated clinics and co-managed care, were also described as optimal systemic solutions for improving treatment quality. The conclusion drawn from the analysis are as follows: there is a need for the permanent integration of dentistry into the standard of interdisciplinary care for patients with acromegaly, in both diagnostic and therapeutic dimensions. Increasing awareness among dentists and developing integrated collaboration models may reduce the time to diagnosis, improve patients’ quality of life, and enable the more effective management of craniofacial complications in the course of this rare disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Endocrinology & Metabolism)
17 pages, 11387 KiB  
Review
Exploring Early Human Presence in West Central Africa’s Rainforests: Archeo-Paleontological Surveys, Taphonomy, and Insights from Living Primates in Equatorial Guinea
by Antonio Rosas, Antonio Garcia-Tabernero, Darío Fidalgo, Juan Ignacio Morales, Palmira Saladié, Maximiliano Fero Meñe and Cayetano Ebana Ebana
Quaternary 2025, 8(3), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/quat8030045 - 5 Aug 2025
Abstract
Since 2014, the Paleoanthropology Group of the National Museum of Natural Sciences (CSIC), in collaboration with Equatoguinean researchers, has been conducting archeo-paleontological fieldwork in Equatorial Guinea, continuing a longstanding Spanish naturalist tradition in this region of West Central Africa. These multidisciplinary investigations, framed [...] Read more.
Since 2014, the Paleoanthropology Group of the National Museum of Natural Sciences (CSIC), in collaboration with Equatoguinean researchers, has been conducting archeo-paleontological fieldwork in Equatorial Guinea, continuing a longstanding Spanish naturalist tradition in this region of West Central Africa. These multidisciplinary investigations, framed within an archeo-paleo-anthropological approach, aim primarily to identify early human occupation in the Central African rainforests. To date, robust evidence of Pleistocene human presence has been documented, particularly through lithic assemblages. Although the scarcity and fragmentation of well-dated sites in Central Africa complicate chronological placement, technological traits observed in the lithic industries recorded in Equatorial Guinea show clear affinities with the African Middle Stone Age (MSA). Complementary taphonomic analyses of faunal remains have been undertaken to better understand bone preservation and fossilization processes under tropical rainforest conditions, thereby contributing to the interpretation of archeological contexts. In parallel, ongoing primatological research within the project—focused on extant primates in their natural habitats—seeks to provide ethological models relevant to the study of hominin locomotor evolution. Notably, the project has led to the ecogeographic characterization of the Engong chimpanzee group in Monte Alén National Park, one of the country’s most pristine protected areas. Full article
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25 pages, 5978 KiB  
Review
Global Research Trends on the Role of Soil Erosion in Carbon Cycling Under Climate Change: A Bibliometric Analysis (1994–2024)
by Yongfu Li, Xiao Zhang, Yang Zhao, Xiaolin Yin, Xiong Wu and Liping Su
Atmosphere 2025, 16(8), 934; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16080934 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
Against the backdrop of multifaceted strategies to combat climate change, understanding soil erosion’s role in carbon cycling is critical due to terrestrial carbon pool vulnerability. This study integrates bibliometric methods with visualization tools (CiteSpace, VOSviewer) to analyze 3880 Web of Science core publications [...] Read more.
Against the backdrop of multifaceted strategies to combat climate change, understanding soil erosion’s role in carbon cycling is critical due to terrestrial carbon pool vulnerability. This study integrates bibliometric methods with visualization tools (CiteSpace, VOSviewer) to analyze 3880 Web of Science core publications (1994–2024, inclusive), constructing knowledge graphs and forecasting trends. The results show exponential publication growth, shifting from slow development (1994–2011) to rapid expansion (2012–2024), aligning with international climate policy milestones. The Chinese Academy of Sciences led productivity (519 articles), while the US demonstrated major influence (H-index 117; 52,297 citations), creating a China–US bipolar research pattern. It was also found that Dutch journals dominate this research field. A keyword analysis revealed a shift from erosion-driven carbon transport to ecosystem service assessments. Emerging hotspots include microbial community regulation, climate–erosion feedback, and model–policy integration, though developing country collaboration remains limited. Future research should prioritize isotope tracing, multiscale modeling, and studies in ecologically vulnerable regions to enhance global soil carbon management. This study provides a novel analytical framework and forward-looking perspective for the soil erosion research on soil carbon cycling, serving as an extension of climate change mitigation strategies. Full article
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38 pages, 6505 KiB  
Review
Trends in Oil Spill Modeling: A Review of the Literature
by Rodrigo N. Vasconcelos, André T. Cunha Lima, Carlos A. D. Lentini, José Garcia V. Miranda, Luís F. F. de Mendonça, Diego P. Costa, Soltan G. Duverger and Elaine C. B. Cambui
Water 2025, 17(15), 2300; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17152300 - 2 Aug 2025
Viewed by 212
Abstract
Oil spill simulation models are essential for predicting the oil spill behavior and movement in marine environments. In this study, we comprehensively reviewed a large and diverse body of peer-reviewed literature obtained from Scopus and Web of Science. Our initial analysis phase focused [...] Read more.
Oil spill simulation models are essential for predicting the oil spill behavior and movement in marine environments. In this study, we comprehensively reviewed a large and diverse body of peer-reviewed literature obtained from Scopus and Web of Science. Our initial analysis phase focused on examining trends in scientific publications, utilizing the complete dataset derived after systematic screening and database integration. In the second phase, we applied elements of a systematic review to identify and evaluate the most influential contributions in the scientific field of oil spill simulations. Our analysis revealed a steady and accelerating growth of research activity over the past five decades, with a particularly notable expansion in the last two. The field has also experienced a marked increase in collaborative practices, including a rise in international co-authorship and multi-authored contributions, reflecting a more global and interdisciplinary research landscape. We cataloged the key modeling frameworks that have shaped the field from established systems such as OSCAR, OIL-MAP/SIMAP, and GNOME to emerging hybrid and Lagrangian approaches. Hydrodynamic models were consistently central, often integrated with biogeochemical, wave, atmospheric, and oil-spill-specific modules. Environmental variables such as wind, ocean currents, and temperature were frequently used to drive model behavior. Geographically, research has concentrated on ecologically and economically sensitive coastal and marine regions. We conclude that future progress will rely on the real-time integration of high-resolution environmental data streams, the development of machine-learning-based surrogate models to accelerate computations, and the incorporation of advanced biodegradation and weathering mechanisms supported by experimental data. These advancements are expected to enhance the accuracy, responsiveness, and operational value of oil spill modeling tools, supporting environmental monitoring and emergency response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Remote Sensing for Coastal System Monitoring and Management)
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55 pages, 4017 KiB  
Review
Sonchus Species of the Mediterranean Region: From Wild Food to Horticultural Innovation—Exploring Taxonomy, Cultivation, and Health Benefits
by Adrián Ruiz-Rocamora, Concepción Obón, Segundo Ríos, Francisco Alcaraz and Diego Rivera
Horticulturae 2025, 11(8), 893; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11080893 (registering DOI) - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 298
Abstract
The genus Sonchus (Asteraceae) comprises 98 species, including 17 predominantly herbaceous taxa native to the Mediterranean region. These plants have long been utilized as traditional wild food sources due to their high nutritional value, as they are rich in vitamins A, C, and [...] Read more.
The genus Sonchus (Asteraceae) comprises 98 species, including 17 predominantly herbaceous taxa native to the Mediterranean region. These plants have long been utilized as traditional wild food sources due to their high nutritional value, as they are rich in vitamins A, C, and K, essential minerals, and bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the taxonomy, geographic distribution, phytochemical composition, traditional uses, historical significance, and pharmacological properties of Sonchus species. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies from 1980 to 2024. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and methodological quality was assessed using standardized tools. A bibliometric analysis of 440 publications (from 1856 to 2025) reveals evolving research trends, with S. oleraceus, S. arvensis, and S. asper being the most extensively studied species. The review provides detailed taxonomic insights into 17 species and 14 subspecies, emphasizing their ecological adaptations and biogeographical patterns. Additionally, it highlights the cultural and medicinal relevance of Sonchus since antiquity while underscoring the threats posed by environmental degradation and changing dietary habits. Sonchus oleraceus and S. tenerrimus dominate the culinary applications of the genus, likely due to favorable taste, wide accessibility, and longstanding cultural importance. The comprehensive nutritional profile of Sonchus species positions these plants as valuable contributors to dietary diversity and food security. Finally, the study identifies current knowledge gaps and proposes future research directions to support the conservation and sustainable utilization of Sonchus species. Full article
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28 pages, 2266 KiB  
Review
Uncovering Plastic Pollution: A Scoping Review of Urban Waterways, Technologies, and Interdisciplinary Approaches
by Peter Cleveland, Donna Cleveland, Ann Morrison, Khoi Hoang Dinh, An Nguyen Pham Hai, Luca Freitas Ribeiro and Khanh Tran Duy
Sustainability 2025, 17(15), 7009; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17157009 - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 195
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a growing environmental and social concern, particularly in Southeast Asia, where urban rivers serve as key pathways for transporting waste to marine environments. This scoping review examines 110 peer-reviewed studies to understand how plastic pollution in waterways is being researched, [...] Read more.
Plastic pollution is a growing environmental and social concern, particularly in Southeast Asia, where urban rivers serve as key pathways for transporting waste to marine environments. This scoping review examines 110 peer-reviewed studies to understand how plastic pollution in waterways is being researched, addressed, and reconceptualized. Drawing from the literature across environmental science, technology, and social studies, we identify four interconnected areas of focus: urban pollution pathways, innovations in monitoring and methods, community-based interventions, and interdisciplinary perspectives. Our analysis combines qualitative synthesis with visual mapping techniques, including keyword co-occurrence networks, to explore how real-time tools, such as IoT sensors, multi-sensor systems, and geospatial technologies, are transforming the ways plastic waste is tracked and analyzed. The review also considers the growing use of novel theoretical frameworks, such as post-phenomenology and ecological materialism, to better understand the role of plastics as both pollutants and ecological agents. Despite progress, the literature reveals persistent gaps in longitudinal studies, regional representation, and policy translation, particularly across the Global South. We emphasize the value of participatory models and community-led research in bridging these gaps and advancing more inclusive and responsive solutions. These insights inform the development of plastic tracker technologies currently being piloted in Vietnam and contribute to broader sustainability goals, including SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), and SDG 14 (Life Below Water). Full article
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15 pages, 524 KiB  
Systematic Review
Association Between Maternal Diet and Frequency of Micronuclei in Mothers and Newborns: A Systematic Review
by Anny Cristine de Araújo, Priscila Kelly da Silva Bezerra do Nascimento, Marília Cristina Santos de Medeiros, Raul Hernandes Bortolin, Ricardo Ney Cobucci and Adriana Augusto de Rezende
Nutrients 2025, 17(15), 2535; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17152535 - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 164
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The effect of diet on maternal and infant genetic levels has been reported in the literature. Diet-associated DNA damage, such as the presence of micronuclei (MN), may be related to an increased risk of developing chronic diseases such as cancer. There is [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The effect of diet on maternal and infant genetic levels has been reported in the literature. Diet-associated DNA damage, such as the presence of micronuclei (MN), may be related to an increased risk of developing chronic diseases such as cancer. There is particular concern regarding this damage during pregnancy, as it may affect the newborn (NB). Thus, this review aims to summarize the primary evidence of the impact of diet on the frequency of MN in the mother–infant population. Methods: Five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) were used to search for observational studies. Google Scholar and manual searching were required to perform the “gray literature” search. Results: The search strategy retrieved 1418 records. Of these, 13 were read in full and 5 were included in the review. Most studies were of the cohort type (n = 4) and were carried out in the European region. A total of 875 pregnant women and 238 newborns were evaluated. Despite insufficient evidence to confirm that diet changes the frequency of MN, the included studies found possible effects from the consumption of fried red meat and processed meats and the adequate consumption of vegetables and polyunsaturated fats. Conclusions: Future research is needed in order to understand the effects of diet on genetic stability and to obtain evidence to help plan public policies on food and nutrition or reinforce protective dietary patterns for this and future generations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition in Women)
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23 pages, 819 KiB  
Article
The Nexus Between Economic Growth and Water Stress in Morocco: Empirical Evidence Based on ARDL Model
by Mariam El Haddadi, Hamida Lahjouji and Mohamed Tabaa
Sustainability 2025, 17(15), 6990; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17156990 - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 196
Abstract
Morocco is facing a situation of alarming water stress, aggravated by climate change, overexploitation of resources, and unequal distribution of water, placing the country among the most vulnerable to water scarcity in the MENA region. This study aims to investigate the dynamic relationship [...] Read more.
Morocco is facing a situation of alarming water stress, aggravated by climate change, overexploitation of resources, and unequal distribution of water, placing the country among the most vulnerable to water scarcity in the MENA region. This study aims to investigate the dynamic relationship between economic growth and water stress in Morocco while highlighting the importance of integrated water management and adaptive economic policies to enhance resilience to water scarcity. A mixed methodology, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methods, was adopted to overview the economic–environmental Moroccan context, and to empirically analyze the GDP (gross domestic product) and water stress in Morocco over the period 1975–2021 using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The empirical analysis is based on annual data sourced from the World Bank and FAO databases for GDP, agricultural value added, renewable internal freshwater resources, and water productivity. The results suggest that water productivity has a significant positive effect on economic growth, while the impacts of agricultural value added and renewable water resources are less significant and vary depending on the model specification. Diagnostic tests confirm the reliability of the ARDL model; however, the presence of outliers in certain years reflects the influence of exogenous shocks, such as severe droughts or policy changes, on the Moroccan economy. The key contribution of this study lies in the fact that it is the first to analyze the intrinsic link between economic growth and the environmental aspect of water in Morocco. According to our findings, it is imperative to continuously improve water productivity and adopt adaptive management, rooted in science and innovation, in order to ensure water security and support the sustainable economic development of Morocco. Full article
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19 pages, 2528 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Nexus Between Green Finance and Artificial Intelligence: A Systemic Bibliometric Analysis Based on Web of Science Database
by Katerina Fotova Čiković, Violeta Cvetkoska and Dinko Primorac
J. Risk Financial Manag. 2025, 18(8), 420; https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18080420 - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 237
Abstract
The intersection of green finance and artificial intelligence (AI) represents a rapidly emerging and high-impact research domain with the potential to reshape sustainable economic systems. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric and network analysis aimed at mapping the scientific landscape, identifying research hotspots, [...] Read more.
The intersection of green finance and artificial intelligence (AI) represents a rapidly emerging and high-impact research domain with the potential to reshape sustainable economic systems. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric and network analysis aimed at mapping the scientific landscape, identifying research hotspots, and highlighting methodological trends at this nexus. A dataset of 268 peer-reviewed publications (2014–June 2025) was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, filtered by the Business Economics category. Analytical techniques employed include Bibliometrix in R, VOSviewer, and science mapping tools such as thematic mapping, trend topic analysis, co-citation networks, and co-occurrence clustering. Results indicate an annual growth rate of 53.31%, with China leading in both productivity and impact, followed by Vietnam and the United Kingdom. The most prolific affiliations and authors, primarily based in China, underscore a concentrated regional research output. The most relevant journals include Energy Economics and Finance Research Letters. Network visualizations identified 17 clusters, with focused analysis on the top three: (1) Emission, Health, and Environmental Risk, (2) Institutional and Technological Infrastructure, and (3) Green Innovation and Sustainable Urban Development. The methodological landscape is equally diverse, with top techniques including blockchain technology, large language models, convolutional neural networks, sentiment analysis, and structural equation modeling, demonstrating a blend of traditional econometrics and advanced AI. This study not only uncovers intellectual structures and thematic evolution but also identifies underdeveloped areas and proposes future research directions. These include dynamic topic modeling, regional case studies, and ethical frameworks for AI in sustainable finance. The findings provide a strategic foundation for advancing interdisciplinary collaboration and policy innovation in green AI–finance ecosystems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Commercial Banking and FinTech in Emerging Economies)
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22 pages, 764 KiB  
Article
An Integrated Entropy–MAIRCA Approach for Multi-Dimensional Strategic Classification of Agricultural Development in East Africa
by Chia-Nan Wang, Duy-Oanh Tran Thi, Nhat-Luong Nhieu and Ming-Hsien Hsueh
Mathematics 2025, 13(15), 2465; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13152465 - 31 Jul 2025
Viewed by 216
Abstract
Agricultural development is vital for East Africa’s economic growth, yet the region faces significant disparities and systemic barriers. A critical problem exists due to the lack of an integrated quantitative framework to systematically comparing agricultural capacities and facilitate optimal resource allocation, as existing [...] Read more.
Agricultural development is vital for East Africa’s economic growth, yet the region faces significant disparities and systemic barriers. A critical problem exists due to the lack of an integrated quantitative framework to systematically comparing agricultural capacities and facilitate optimal resource allocation, as existing studies often overlook combined internal and external factors. This study proposes a comprehensive multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model to assess, categorize, and strategically profile the agricultural development capacity of 18 East African countries. The method employed is an integrated Entropy-MAIRCA model, which objectively weighs six criteria (the food production index, arable land, production fluctuation, food export/import ratios, and the political stability index) and ranks countries by their distance from an ideal development state. The experiment applied this framework to 18 East African nations using official data. The results revealed significant differences, forming four distinct strategic groups: frontier, emerging, trade-dependent, and high risk. The food export index (C4) and production volatility (C3) were identified as the most influential criteria. This model’s contribution is providing a science-based, transparent decision support tool for designing sustainable agricultural policies, aiding investment planning, and promoting regional cooperation, while emphasizing the crucial role of institutional factors. Full article
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28 pages, 2933 KiB  
Review
Learning and Development in Entrepreneurial Era: Mapping Research Trends and Future Directions
by Fayiz Emad Addin Al Sharari, Ahmad ali Almohtaseb, Khaled Alshaketheep and Kafa Al Nawaiseh
Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(8), 299; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15080299 - 31 Jul 2025
Viewed by 274
Abstract
The age of entrepreneurship calls for the evolving of learning and development (L&D) models to meet the dynamic demands of innovation, sustainability, and technology innovation. This study examines the trends and issues of L&D models for entrepreneurs, more so focusing on how these [...] Read more.
The age of entrepreneurship calls for the evolving of learning and development (L&D) models to meet the dynamic demands of innovation, sustainability, and technology innovation. This study examines the trends and issues of L&D models for entrepreneurs, more so focusing on how these models influence business success in a rapidly changing global landscape. The research employs bibliometric analysis, VOSviewer cluster analysis, and co-citation analysis to explore the literature from 1994 to 2024. Data collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database reflect significant trends in entrepreneurial L&D, with particular emphasis on the use of digital tools, sustainability processes, and governance systems. Findings emphasize the imperative role of L&D in fostering entrepreneurship, more so in areas such as digital transformation and the adoption of new technologies. The study also identifies central regions propelling this field, such as UK and USA. Future studies will be centered on the role of digital technologies, innovation, and green business models within entrepreneurial L&D frameworks. This study provides useful insight into the future of L&D within the entrepreneurial domain, guiding academia and companies alike in the planning of effective learning strategies to foster innovation and sustainable business growth. Full article
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10 pages, 1596 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on the Viscosity of an Aqueous Methanol Solution Using Raman Spectroscopy
by Nan-Nan Wu, Fang Liu, Zonghang Li, Ziyun Qiu, Xiaofan Li, Junhui Huang, Bohan Li, Junxi Qiu and Shun-Li Ouyang
Molecules 2025, 30(15), 3204; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30153204 - 30 Jul 2025
Viewed by 161
Abstract
Water science has always been a central part of modern scientific research. In this study, the viscosity and hydrogen bond structures of methanol aqueous solutions with different molar ratios were investigated via confocal microscopic Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectra of methanol in the [...] Read more.
Water science has always been a central part of modern scientific research. In this study, the viscosity and hydrogen bond structures of methanol aqueous solutions with different molar ratios were investigated via confocal microscopic Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectra of methanol in the CH and CO stretching regions were measured in order to investigate the structure of water/methanol molecules. The points of transition were identified by observing changes in viscosity following changes in concentration, and the bands were assigned to the C-H bond vibration shifts where the molar ratios of methanol and water were 1:3 and 3:1. Furthermore, the large band shift of 19 cm−1 between the methanol solutions with the lowest and highest concentrations contained three hydrogen bond network modes, affecting the viscosity of the solution. This study provides an explanation for the relationship between the microstructures and macroscopic properties of aqueous solutions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Liquids)
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16 pages, 324 KiB  
Review
Social Nudging for Sustainable Electricity Use: Behavioral Interventions in Energy Conservation Policy
by Pratik Mochi, Kartik Pandya, Karen Byskov Lindberg and Magnus Korpås
Sustainability 2025, 17(15), 6932; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17156932 - 30 Jul 2025
Viewed by 368
Abstract
Traditional energy conservation policies have primarily relied on economic incentives and informational campaigns. However, recent insights from behavioral and social sciences indicate that subtle behavioral interventions, particularly social nudges, can significantly influence household electricity use. This paper presents a structured review of 23 [...] Read more.
Traditional energy conservation policies have primarily relied on economic incentives and informational campaigns. However, recent insights from behavioral and social sciences indicate that subtle behavioral interventions, particularly social nudges, can significantly influence household electricity use. This paper presents a structured review of 23 recent field studies examining how social nudging strategies, such as peer comparison, group identity, and normative messaging, have contributed to measurable reductions in electricity consumption. By analyzing intervention outcomes across different regions and formats, we identify key success factors, limitations, and policy implications. Special attention is given to ethical considerations, fairness in implementation, and potential challenges in sustaining behavior change. This study offers a framework for integrating social nudges into future energy policies, emphasizing their role as low-cost, scalable tools for promoting sustainable energy behavior. Full article
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23 pages, 694 KiB  
Article
Resilience for Just Transitions of Agroecosystems Under Climate Change: Northern Midlands and Mountains, Vietnam
by Tung Song Nguyen, Leslie Mabon, Huong Thu Thi Doan, Ha Van Le, Thu Huyen Thi Nguyen, Duan Van Vu and Dap Dinh Nguyen
World 2025, 6(3), 102; https://doi.org/10.3390/world6030102 - 30 Jul 2025
Viewed by 483
Abstract
The aim of this research is to identify policy and practice interventions that support a just transition towards resilient practices for resource-dependent communities. We focus on Thai Nguyen and Phu Tho, two provinces in the Northern Midlands and Mountains of Vietnam. The region [...] Read more.
The aim of this research is to identify policy and practice interventions that support a just transition towards resilient practices for resource-dependent communities. We focus on Thai Nguyen and Phu Tho, two provinces in the Northern Midlands and Mountains of Vietnam. The region is reliant on agriculture but is assessed as highly vulnerable to climate change. We surveyed 105 farming households. A Likert-type questionnaire asked respondents to self-assess their experiences of weather extremes and of changes they had made to their farming practices. Our results show that for both Thai Nguyen and Phu Tho, farmers see the effects of climate change on their crops. Respondents in Thai Nguyen were more likely to report technically driven adaptation and engagement with extension services. Respondents in Pho Tho were more likely to continue traditional practices. For both, use of traditional knowledge and practices was related to taking measures to adapt to climate change. Our main conclusion is that at least three actions could support a just transition to resilient livelihoods. First is incorporating natural science and traditional knowledge into decision-making for just transitions. Second is considering long-term implications of interventions that appear to support livelihoods in the short term. Third is tailoring messaging and engagement strategies to the requirements of the most vulnerable people. The main message of this study is that a just transition for resource-dependent communities will inevitably be context-specific. Even in centralized and authoritarian contexts, flexibility to adapt top-down policies to locals’ own experiences of changing climates is needed. Full article
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13 pages, 1132 KiB  
Review
M-Edge Spectroscopy of Transition Metals: Principles, Advances, and Applications
by Rishu Khurana and Cong Liu
Catalysts 2025, 15(8), 722; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15080722 - 30 Jul 2025
Viewed by 316
Abstract
M-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), which probes 3p→3d transitions in first-row transition metals, provides detailed insights into oxidation states, spin-states, and local electronic structure with high element and orbital specificity. Operating in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) region, this technique provides [...] Read more.
M-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), which probes 3p→3d transitions in first-row transition metals, provides detailed insights into oxidation states, spin-states, and local electronic structure with high element and orbital specificity. Operating in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) region, this technique provides sharp multiplet-resolved features with high sensitivity to ligand field and covalency effects. Compared to K- and L-edge XAS, M-edge spectra exhibit significantly narrower full widths at half maximum (typically 0.3–0.5 eV versus >1 eV at the L-edge and >1.5–2 eV at the K-edge), owing to longer 3p core-hole lifetimes. M-edge measurements are also more surface-sensitive due to the lower photon energy range, making them particularly well-suited for probing thin films, interfaces, and surface-bound species. The advent of tabletop high-harmonic generation (HHG) sources has enabled femtosecond time-resolved M-edge measurements, allowing direct observation of ultrafast photoinduced processes such as charge transfer and spin crossover dynamics. This review presents an overview of the fundamental principles, experimental advances, and current theoretical approaches for interpreting M-edge spectra. We further discuss a range of applications in catalysis, materials science, and coordination chemistry, highlighting the technique’s growing impact and potential for future studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopy in Modern Materials Science and Catalysis)
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