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Keywords = payload uncertainty

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24 pages, 3326 KB  
Article
Experimental Validation of a Working Fluid Versatile Supersonic Turbine for Micro Launchers
by Cleopatra Florentina Cuciumita, Valeriu Alexandru Vilag, Cosmin Petru Suciu and Emilia Georgiana Prisăcariu
Aerospace 2025, 12(10), 887; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12100887 - 30 Sep 2025
Viewed by 181
Abstract
The growing demand for micro-launchers capable of placing payloads between 1 and 100 kg into low Earth orbit stems from rapid advances in electronics and the resulting increase in nanosatellite capabilities. Simultaneously, space programs are prioritizing the use of alternative propellants, those that [...] Read more.
The growing demand for micro-launchers capable of placing payloads between 1 and 100 kg into low Earth orbit stems from rapid advances in electronics and the resulting increase in nanosatellite capabilities. Simultaneously, space programs are prioritizing the use of alternative propellants, those that are more sustainable, cost-effective, and readily available. As a result, modern launcher development emphasizes versatility, reliability, reusability, and adaptability to various working fluids. This paper presents the experimental validation of a supersonic turbine design methodology tailored for such adaptable systems. The focus is on a turbine class intended for a turbopump in micro-launchers with payload capacities around 100 kg. The experimental campaign employed two working fluids (air and methane) to assess the method’s robustness. The validation was performed on a stator only planar model, and the experimental data was compared with the analytical result obtained through the Mach number similarity criterion. The results confirm that the approach accurately identifies flow similarity through Mach number matching, even when the working fluid changes. Comparative analysis between experimental data and predictions demonstrates the method’s reliability, with measurement uncertainties also addressed. These findings support the methodology’s applicability in practical engine design and adaptation. Future work will explore enhancements to improve predictive capability and flexibility. The method may be extended to other systems where fluid substitution offers design or operational advantages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Astronautics & Space Science)
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29 pages, 3798 KB  
Article
Hybrid Adaptive MPC with Edge AI for 6-DoF Industrial Robotic Manipulators
by Claudio Urrea
Mathematics 2025, 13(19), 3066; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13193066 - 24 Sep 2025
Viewed by 717
Abstract
Autonomous robotic manipulators in industrial environments face significant challenges, including time-varying payloads, multi-source disturbances, and real-time computational constraints. Traditional model predictive control frameworks degrade by over 40% under model uncertainties, while conventional adaptive techniques exhibit convergence times incompatible with industrial cycles. This work [...] Read more.
Autonomous robotic manipulators in industrial environments face significant challenges, including time-varying payloads, multi-source disturbances, and real-time computational constraints. Traditional model predictive control frameworks degrade by over 40% under model uncertainties, while conventional adaptive techniques exhibit convergence times incompatible with industrial cycles. This work presents a hybrid adaptive model predictive control framework integrating edge artificial intelligence with dual-stage parameter estimation for 6-DoF industrial manipulators. The approach combines recursive least squares with a resource-optimized neural network (three layers, 32 neurons, <500 KB memory) designed for industrial edge deployment. The system employs innovation-based adaptive forgetting factors, providing exponential convergence with mathematically proven Lyapunov-based stability guarantees. Simulation validation using the Fanuc CR-7iA/L manipulator demonstrates superior performance across demanding scenarios, including precision laser cutting and obstacle avoidance. Results show 52% trajectory tracking RMSE reduction (0.022 m to 0.012 m) under 20% payload variations compared to standard MPC, while achieving sub-5 ms edge inference latency with 99.2% reliability. The hybrid estimator achieves 65% faster parameter convergence than classical RLS, with 18% energy efficiency improvement. Statistical significance is confirmed through ANOVA (F = 24.7, p < 0.001) with large effect sizes (Cohen’s d > 1.2). This performance surpasses recent adaptive control methods while maintaining proven stability guarantees. Hardware validation under realistic industrial conditions remains necessary to confirm practical applicability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computation, Modeling and Algorithms for Control Systems)
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22 pages, 3813 KB  
Article
Attitude Dynamics and Agile Control of a High-Mass-Ratio Moving-Mass Coaxial Dual-Rotor UAV
by Jiahui Sun, Qingfeng Du and Ke Zhang
Drones 2025, 9(9), 600; https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9090600 - 26 Aug 2025
Viewed by 577
Abstract
This study presents the configuration design and attitude control of a moving-mass coaxial dual-rotor UAV (MMCDRUAV) for indoor applications. Compared with existing configurations, the proposed configuration avoids additional actuation mass and improves the control authority. Based on these improvements, a promising micro UAV [...] Read more.
This study presents the configuration design and attitude control of a moving-mass coaxial dual-rotor UAV (MMCDRUAV) for indoor applications. Compared with existing configurations, the proposed configuration avoids additional actuation mass and improves the control authority. Based on these improvements, a promising micro UAV platform with a high payload ability for agile indoor flight could be developed. Ground validation tests demonstrated its maneuverability, as provided by a moving-mass control (MMC) module requiring only the repositioning of existing components (e.g., battery packs) as movable masses. For trajectory tracking, an adaptive backstepping active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) is proposed. The architecture integrates extended-state observers (ESOs) for disturbance estimation, parameter-adaptation laws for uncertainty compensation, and auxiliary systems to address control saturation. Lyapunov stability analysis proved the existence of uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) closed-loop tracking errors. The results of the ground verification experiment confirmed enhanced tracking performance under real-world disturbances. Full article
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20 pages, 8760 KB  
Article
UAV Formation for Cargo Transport by PID Control with Neural Compensation
by Sahbi Boubaker, Carlos Vacca, Claudio Rosales, Souad Kamel, Faisal S. Alsubaei and Francisco Rossomando
Mathematics 2025, 13(16), 2650; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13162650 - 18 Aug 2025
Viewed by 544
Abstract
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are known to have limited payloads, which challenges their widespread use in transporting heavy goods. Meanwhile, collaboration between multiple UAVs in performing such a task may be a promising solution. To address the issues associated with the simultaneous use [...] Read more.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are known to have limited payloads, which challenges their widespread use in transporting heavy goods. Meanwhile, collaboration between multiple UAVs in performing such a task may be a promising solution. To address the issues associated with the simultaneous use of UAVs, this paper presents a formation control system for transporting a payload suspended via a cable using two UAVs. The control structure is based on a layered scheme that combines a null-space-based kinematic controller with a PID controller associated with each UAV (quadcopters) with a neural correction system. The null-space supervisor controller is designed to generate the desired velocity for the UAV system to maintain formation. This proposal aims to avoid obstacles, balance the weight distribution across each vehicle, and also reduce the payload trajectory tracking error. The PID controller associated with the neural correction system receives these desired speeds and performs dynamic compensation, taking into account parametric uncertainties and dynamic disturbances caused by the movement of the payload coupled to the UAV systems. The stability analysis of the entire control system is performed using Lyapunov theory. Detailed dynamic models of each UAV in the system, the flexible cables, and the payload are presented in a realistic scenario. Finally, numerical simulations demonstrate the good performance of the UAV system control in formation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section C2: Dynamical Systems)
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24 pages, 2093 KB  
Article
Composite Perturbation-Rejection Trajectory-Tracking Control for a Quadrotor–Slung Load System
by Jiao Xu, Defu Lin, Jianchuan Ye and Tao Jiang
Actuators 2025, 14(7), 335; https://doi.org/10.3390/act14070335 - 3 Jul 2025
Viewed by 537
Abstract
Tracking control of a quadrotor–slung load system is extremely challenging due to its under-actuation property, couple effects, and various uncertainties. This work proposes a composite backstepping control framework combining command filter control and a multivariable finite-time disturbance observer to ensure robust position and [...] Read more.
Tracking control of a quadrotor–slung load system is extremely challenging due to its under-actuation property, couple effects, and various uncertainties. This work proposes a composite backstepping control framework combining command filter control and a multivariable finite-time disturbance observer to ensure robust position and orientation control for aerial payload transportation with high precision. Firstly, the kinematic and dynamic model under perturbations is derived based on Newton’s second law. The thrust control force consists of two orthogonal parts, each dedicated to regulating the position and orientation of the slung load independently. Then, hierarchical backstepping control generates the two parts in the load-translation and the load-orientation subsystems. Command filters are introduced into nonlinear backstepping to smoothen the control signals and overcome the problem of explosion of complexity. Additionally, to counteract the adverse effect of perturbations emerging in the linear velocity and angular velocity loops, multivariable finite-time observers are developed to ensure the estimation errors converge within a finite time horizon. Finally, comparative numerical simulation results validate the efficacy of the developed quadrotor–slung load tracking controller. Simulation results show that the proposed controller achieves smaller position tracking and orientation errors compared to traditional methods, demonstrating robust disturbance rejection and high-precision control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Aerospace Actuators)
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15 pages, 2184 KB  
Article
Modeling and Adaptive Control of Double-Pendulum Offshore Cranes with Distributed-Mass Payloads and External Disturbances
by Shudong Guo, Nan Li, Qingxiang Wu, Yuxuan Jiao, Yaxuan Wu, Weijie Hou, Yuehua Li, Tong Yang and Ning Sun
Actuators 2025, 14(5), 204; https://doi.org/10.3390/act14050204 - 23 Apr 2025
Viewed by 767
Abstract
Offshore cranes are widely used in important fields such as wind power construction and ship replenishment. However, large payloads such as wind turbine blades are hoisted by multiple steel wire ropes, which makes it difficult to directly control their movements; that is, the [...] Read more.
Offshore cranes are widely used in important fields such as wind power construction and ship replenishment. However, large payloads such as wind turbine blades are hoisted by multiple steel wire ropes, which makes it difficult to directly control their movements; that is, the number of input degrees of freedom is less than that of the output degrees of freedom. In addition, compared with land cranes, offshore cranes are inevitably affected by waves, wind, etc. The transition from a fixed base to a dynamic base brings severe challenges to their oscillation suppression and precise positioning. At the same time, to improve operational efficiency, the hoisting operation of offshore cranes usually adopts velocity input control patterns that fit the habits of manual operation, and most of them are in the form of dual-axis linkage for pitch and hoisting. Therefore, this paper proposes a fast terminal sliding mode control method for double-pendulum offshore cranes with distributed-mass payloads (DMPs). First, a nonlinear dynamic model of offshore cranes considering DMPs is established, and a dynamic model based on acceleration input control patterns is acquired. Based on this, considering the variation in hoisting rope lengths, a novel adaptive control method is proposed. Finally, simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the robustness of the proposed method to DMP mass parameter uncertainty and disturbances is demonstrated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling and Nonlinear Control for Complex MIMO Mechatronic Systems)
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19 pages, 4482 KB  
Article
Decentralized Adaptive Control of Closed-Kinematic Chain Mechanism Manipulators
by Tri T. Nguyen, Charles C. Nguyen, Tuan M. Nguyen, Tu T. C. Duong, Ha Tang T. Ngo and Lu Sun
Machines 2025, 13(4), 331; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13040331 - 18 Apr 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 647
Abstract
This paper presents a new decentralized adaptive control scheme for motion control of robot manipulators built based on a closed-kinematic chain mechanism (CKCM). By employing the synchronization technique and model reference adaptive control (MRAC) based on the Lyapunov direct method, the Decentralized Adaptive [...] Read more.
This paper presents a new decentralized adaptive control scheme for motion control of robot manipulators built based on a closed-kinematic chain mechanism (CKCM). By employing the synchronization technique and model reference adaptive control (MRAC) based on the Lyapunov direct method, the Decentralized Adaptive Synchronized Control scheme (DASCS) is developed. The DASCS can ensure global asymptotic convergence of tracking errors while forcing all active joints to move in a predefined synchronous manner in the presence of uncertainties and sudden changes in payload. Furthermore, the control scheme has a simple structure, independent of the manipulator’s dynamic model, ensuring computational efficiency. Results of computer simulations conducted to evaluate the performance of the control scheme applied to controlling the motion of a CKCM manipulator with six degrees of freedom are reported and discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Automation and Control Systems)
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24 pages, 10393 KB  
Article
Adaptive Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion Control with Guaranteed Stability for Aerial Manipulators
by Chanhong Park, Alex Ramirez-Serrano and Mahdis Bisheban
Aerospace 2025, 12(4), 312; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12040312 - 6 Apr 2025
Viewed by 1279
Abstract
This paper introduces an adaptive Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (INDI) control methodology with guaranteed stability for a highly maneuverable unmanned aerial manipulator (UAM) designed to operate under demanding conditions, such as rapid arm movements and varying manipulated payloads. This work extends previous work [...] Read more.
This paper introduces an adaptive Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (INDI) control methodology with guaranteed stability for a highly maneuverable unmanned aerial manipulator (UAM) designed to operate under demanding conditions, such as rapid arm movements and varying manipulated payloads. This work extends previous work on the control of aerial manipulators by addressing control effectiveness uncertainties. The stability bounds of the inertia matrix within the control effectiveness matrix are derived through a detailed eigenvalue analysis, ensuring that the eigenvalues consistently remain within a specified stability threshold. The proposed methodology ensures both stability and control responsiveness by dynamically adjusting the inertia parameters of the control effectiveness matrix within stability-guaranteeing limits. The methodology is validated through extensive simulation tests showing that the proposed adaptive INDI controller outperforms previous UAM controllers, effectively coping with disturbances caused by varying grasped payloads/masses and extended arm movements with guaranteed stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Innovations in Aircraft Flight Control)
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23 pages, 8148 KB  
Article
Energy-Coupling-Based Control for Unmanned Quadrotor Transportation Systems: Exploiting Beneficial State-Coupling Effects
by Lincong Han, Zengcheng Zhou, Ming Li, Haokun Geng, Gang Li and Menghua Zhang
Actuators 2025, 14(2), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/act14020091 - 13 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 816
Abstract
Cable suspension transport is a crucial method for quadrotors to transport goods and materials. During transportation, the quadrotor transport system (QTS) faces external disturbances and system uncertainties. Particularly, the underactuated nature of the system poses significant challenges to its stable operation. To solve [...] Read more.
Cable suspension transport is a crucial method for quadrotors to transport goods and materials. During transportation, the quadrotor transport system (QTS) faces external disturbances and system uncertainties. Particularly, the underactuated nature of the system poses significant challenges to its stable operation. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a hierarchical control scheme that enhances coupling and leverages advantageous state-coupling to achieve precise positioning and eliminate payload swings for QTS. By leveraging the cascading characteristics of QTS, the design process is greatly simplified through the separate design of the torque input for the inner loop and the force input for the outer loop. Simulation results demonstrate the effective control performance of this method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling and Nonlinear Control for Complex MIMO Mechatronic Systems)
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26 pages, 8455 KB  
Article
Re-Entry Comparison of a Spacecraft in Low Earth Orbit: Propulsion-Assisted vs. Non-Propulsive Configurations
by Antonio Sannino, Dylan De Prisco, Sergio Cassese, Stefano Mungiguerra, Anselmo Cecere and Raffaele Savino
Aerospace 2025, 12(2), 79; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12020079 - 23 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2709
Abstract
This paper presents a mission concept for a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite equipped with a payload for space experiments, designed to be recovered on Earth post-mission. The focus of this study is on developing a mission concept with fast de-orbit and accurate [...] Read more.
This paper presents a mission concept for a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite equipped with a payload for space experiments, designed to be recovered on Earth post-mission. The focus of this study is on developing a mission concept with fast de-orbit and accurate landing capability for a small satellite payload. Two re-entry configurations are analyzed: one employing a deployable aero-brake heat shield for aerodynamic descent and another integrating a propulsion system. Aerodynamic analysis of the capsule, including drag coefficient and stability at relevant altitudes, was conducted using the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. A trade-off analysis, accounting for uncertainties such as CD, atmospheric density, and ignition timing, revealed significant differences in mission profiles. A propulsion system providing a ΔV of approximately 100 m/s reduces descent time from 54 days (aerodynamic-only re-entry) to under 1 h, without altering trajectory. Drag-related uncertainties contribute to a landing dispersion of ~100 km, while a ±1% error in total impulse increases dispersion to 400 km. A monopropellant rocket engine was preliminarily designed, meeting constraints such as catalytic chamber pressure and performance targets. The resulting thruster, weighing under 4 kg and contained within a 250 mm-high, 350 mm-diameter cylinder, supports three potential component layouts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Space Propulsion: Advances and Challenges (3rd Volume))
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21 pages, 19154 KB  
Article
Time-Delay-Based Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Cooperative Dual Marine Lifting System Subject to Sea Wave Disturbances
by Yiwen Cong, Gang Li, Jifu Li, Jianyan Tian and Xin Ma
Actuators 2024, 13(12), 491; https://doi.org/10.3390/act13120491 - 2 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 951
Abstract
Dual marine lifting systems are complicated, fully actuated mechatronics systems with multi-input and multi-output capabilities. The anti-swing cooperative lifting control of dual marine lifting systems with dual ships’ sway, heave, and roll motions is still open. The uncertainty regarding system parameters makes the [...] Read more.
Dual marine lifting systems are complicated, fully actuated mechatronics systems with multi-input and multi-output capabilities. The anti-swing cooperative lifting control of dual marine lifting systems with dual ships’ sway, heave, and roll motions is still open. The uncertainty regarding system parameters makes the task of achieving stable performance more challenging. To adjust both the attitude and position of large distributed-mass payloads to their target positions, this paper presents a time-delay-based sliding mode-tracking controller for cooperative dual marine lifting systems impacted by sea wave disturbances. Firstly, a dynamic model of a dual marine lifting system is established by using Lagrange’s method. Then, a kinematic coupling-based cooperative trajectory planning strategy is proposed by analyzing the coupling relationship between the dual marine lifting system and dual ship motion. After that, an improved sliding mode tracking controller is proposed by using time-delay estimation technology, which estimates unknown system parameters online. The finite-time convergence of full-state variables is rigorously proven. Finally, the simulation results verify the designed controller in terms of anti-swing control performance. The hardware experiments revealed that the proposed controller significantly reduces the actuator positioning errors by 83.33% compared with existing control methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Control Systems)
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22 pages, 9220 KB  
Article
Anti-Sway Adaptive Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control Based on the Finite-Time State Observer for the Overhead Crane System
by Xin Wang, Zhenxin He, Chuntong Liu and Wenzheng Du
Electronics 2024, 13(23), 4709; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13234709 - 28 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1162
Abstract
This work proposes an adaptive rapid terminal SMC (sliding mode control) approach based on the FFTSO (fast finite-time state observer) for overhead crane trajectory tracking and anti-swing control in the presence of external disturbances and parameter uncertainty. First, the system state observation under [...] Read more.
This work proposes an adaptive rapid terminal SMC (sliding mode control) approach based on the FFTSO (fast finite-time state observer) for overhead crane trajectory tracking and anti-swing control in the presence of external disturbances and parameter uncertainty. First, the system state observation under the constraint of unknown system parameters is accomplished by designing the FFTSO based on finite-time theory. Next, a parameter-adaptive fast terminal SMC is created for an overhead crane based on the model transformation. This technique can still monitor the intended trajectory and reduce payload swing even in cases when the payload mass and wire rope length are uncertain. Next, the Lyapunov theorem is used to demonstrate the stability of the overhead crane system’s positioning and anti-swing angle control mechanism. Lastly, the platform experiments confirm that the suggested closed-loop system control technique is successful. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Intelligent Control and Automation in Industrial 4.0 Era)
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29 pages, 6068 KB  
Article
A Realistic Model Reference Computed Torque Control Strategy for Human Lower Limb Exoskeletons
by Sk K. Hasan
Actuators 2024, 13(11), 445; https://doi.org/10.3390/act13110445 - 7 Nov 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1710
Abstract
Exoskeleton robots have become a promising tool in neurorehabilitation, offering effective physical therapy and continuous recovery monitoring. The success of these therapies relies on precise motion control systems. Although computed torque control based on inverse dynamics provides a robust theoretical foundation, its practical [...] Read more.
Exoskeleton robots have become a promising tool in neurorehabilitation, offering effective physical therapy and continuous recovery monitoring. The success of these therapies relies on precise motion control systems. Although computed torque control based on inverse dynamics provides a robust theoretical foundation, its practical application in rehabilitation is limited by its sensitivity to model accuracy, making it less effective when dealing with unpredictable payloads. To overcome these limitations, this study introduces a novel realistic model reference computed torque controller that accounts for parametric uncertainties while optimizing computational efficiency. A dynamic model of a seven-degrees-of-freedom human lower limb exoskeleton is developed, incorporating a realistic joint friction model to accurately reflect the physical behavior of the robot. To reduce computational demands, the control system is split into two loops: a slower loop that predicts joint torque requirements based on reference trajectories and robot dynamics, and a faster PID loop that corrects trajectory tracking errors. Coriolis and centrifugal forces are excluded from the model due to their minimal impact on system dynamics relative to their computational cost. The experimental results show high accuracy in trajectory tracking, and statistical analyses confirm the controller’s robustness and effectiveness in handling parametric uncertainties. This approach presents a promising advancement for improving the stability and performance of exoskeleton-based neurorehabilitation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Actuators and Robotic Devices for Rehabilitation and Assistance)
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24 pages, 5589 KB  
Article
Ozone Detector Based on Ultraviolet Observations on the Martian Surface
by Daniel Viúdez-Moreiras, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Michael D. Smith, Víctor Apestigue, Ignacio Arruego, Elisa García, Juan J. Jiménez, José A. Rodriguez-Manfredi, Daniel Toledo, Mike Wolff and María-Paz Zorzano
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(20), 3914; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16203914 - 21 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1898
Abstract
Ozone plays a key role in both atmospheric chemistry and UV absorption in planetary atmospheres. On Mars, upper-tropospheric ozone has been widely characterized by space-based instruments. However, surface ozone remains poorly characterized, hindered by the limited sensitivity of orbiters to the lowest scale [...] Read more.
Ozone plays a key role in both atmospheric chemistry and UV absorption in planetary atmospheres. On Mars, upper-tropospheric ozone has been widely characterized by space-based instruments. However, surface ozone remains poorly characterized, hindered by the limited sensitivity of orbiters to the lowest scale height of the atmosphere and challenges in delivering payloads to the surface of Mars, which have prevented, to date, the measurement of ozone from the surface of Mars. Systematic measurements from the Martian surface could advance our knowledge of the atmospheric chemistry and habitability potential of this planet. NASA’s Mars 2020 mission includes the first ozone detector deployed on the Martian surface, which is based on discrete photometric observations in the ultraviolet band, a simple technology that could obtain the first insights into total ozone abundance in preparation for more sophisticated measurement techniques. This paper describes the Mars 2020 ozone detector and its retrieval algorithm, including its performance under different sources of uncertainty and the potential application of the retrieval algorithm on other missions, such as NASA’s Mars Science Laboratory. Pre-landing simulations using the UVISMART radiative transfer model suggest that the retrieval is robust and that it can deal with common issues affecting surface operations in Martian missions, although the expected low ozone abundance and instrument uncertainties could challenge its characterization in tropical latitudes of the planet. Other space missions will potentially include sensors of similar technology. Full article
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24 pages, 11255 KB  
Article
On-Orbit Wavelength Calibration Error Analysis of the Spaceborne Hyperspectral Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Instrument Using the Solar Fraunhofer Lines
by Yulong Guo, Cailan Gong, Yong Hu, Fuqiang Zheng and Yunmeng Liu
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(18), 3367; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16183367 - 10 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1599
Abstract
Accurate on-orbit wavelength calibration of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is the key to the quantitative analysis and application of observational data. Due to the high spectral resolution of general spaceborne hyperspectral greenhouse gas (GHG) detection instruments, the common Fraunhofer lines in the solar [...] Read more.
Accurate on-orbit wavelength calibration of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is the key to the quantitative analysis and application of observational data. Due to the high spectral resolution of general spaceborne hyperspectral greenhouse gas (GHG) detection instruments, the common Fraunhofer lines in the solar atmosphere can be used as a reference for on-orbit wavelength calibration. Based on the performances of a GHG detection instrument under development, this study simulated the instrument’s solar-viewing measurement spectra and analyzed the main sources of errors in the on-orbit wavelength calibration method of the instrument using the solar Fraunhofer lines, including the Doppler shift correction error, the instrumental measurement error, and the peak-seek algorithm error. The calibration accuracy was independently calculated for 65 Fraunhofer lines within the spectral range of the instrument. The results show that the wavelength calibration accuracy is mainly affected by the asymmetry of the Fraunhofer lines and the random error associated with instrument measurement, and it can cause calibration errors of more than 1/10 of the spectral resolution at maximum. A total of 49 Fraunhofer lines that meet the requirements for calibration accuracy were screened based on the design parameters of the instrument. Due to the uncertainty of simulation, the results in this study have inherent limitations, but provide valuable insights for quantitatively analyzing the errors of the on-orbit wavelength calibration method using the Fraunhofer lines, evaluating the influence of instrumental parameters on the calibration accuracy, and enhancing the accuracy of on-orbit wavelength calibration for similar GHG detection payloads. Full article
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